Rakaw
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Rakaw in Belarusian or Rakov in Russian or Raków in Polish is an urban settlement in Valozhyn District, Minsk Voblast, Belarus.[1] It stand on the river Islach 40 km far from Volozhin and 39 km far from Minsk, the capital of Belarus. Population - about 2,1 thousand people (2006).
Contents |
[edit] History
This place was inhabited since ancient times. This was proved when the settlement 'Valy' ('Валы') was found here on the river Islach. In the XVI century this ruins were used as a platform for feudal castle building. The Rakov castle can be found in the map created by Tomash Makovski in 1613. In the XIV century documents settlements near contemporary Rakov are mentioned for the first time. Rakov itself is mentioned in XV century chronicles. In 1465 Kazimir Yagelon gave Rakov as a gift to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania chancellor Mihail Kyazhgailo. Kyazhgailo family owned Rakov for almost 100 years. Only in the middle of the XVI century Rakov went to Zavish family as a part of inheritance. In the XVII century the village belonged to Sangushki family. They constructed there Dominican Catholic cloister in 1686 and Basilian Uniat cloister in 1702, wooden kostel.
Some sources[who?] state that by the end of the XVIII century Rakov belonged to Oginskiya family. In this century the territory of Belarus was a part of Rech' Pospolitaya. And this was the time when the Belarusian territory was divided between Rech' Pospolitaya and the Russian Empire three times. Difficult political situation provoked Kastus Kalinovsky Rebel in 1863-1864. There is information that the famous composure Mihail Kleofas Oginski participated in it. To punish the rebellious Oginskiya family the Russian Empress Catherine the Great (Catherine II) took Rakov from Oginskiya and gave it to general Saltykov.
In 1793 Rakov become a part of the Russian Empire. Also in 1793 the first stone kostel was built in Rakov. After Kastus' Kalinovski Rebel it was turned into an Orthodox Our Saviour and Transformation church. To do this they removed towers and built a cupola. This church still exists.
In 1804 the Zdzehovskiya family bought Rakov from Saltykov and owned it until 1939. This was the time of prosperity in this place. In 1843 they opened manufactures to produce agricultural machines. By 1880 about 16 glass manufactures worked in Rakov. The village had Magdenburg rights - privileges. There were two watermills, brick manufacture and lumber mill, postal telegraph office (its ruins still remain). By the end of the XIX century the population of Rakov was about 3,6 thousand people and almost 60% of them were Jews.
In 1904–1906 the construction of the Mother of God Rosaria and the Holy Spirit kostel was finished. It was done on donations of the local people and it is an example of Neo-Gothic architecture.
In 1915 the local citizen Nevah-Girsha Haimov Pozdnyakov organized automobile shipping between Rakov and Zaslavl', a nearby town.
After Treaty of Riga of 1921 was resumed on September 21, Rakov appeared to be a part of Poland. It was the center of the Vilna voevodship volost'. And finally Rakov become the part of the Soviet Union and Belarus in 1939 when the Soviet Army invaded Poland accordingly to the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.
[edit] Sightseeing
Glacial conglomerate near the root Minsk - Volozhin.
Ancient settlement
Jews cementry (1642)
Our Savour and Transfiguration Church (1793)
Cathlic St. Ann Chapel (1862)
Orthodox cementry brama (XIX)
Mother of God Rosaria and the Holy Spirit kostel (1904-1906)
Crypt-burial vault of Drutskiya-Lubetskiya
Felix Yanushkevich Ethnographic museum.
[edit] Natives
- Vyachaslau Ragoisha,translator, author articles about history of Belarusian literature.
- Jazep Januszkiewicz - coauthor a book about the history of Belarusian literature, writer.
[edit] References
[edit] External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rakaw |
