Ramsbottom

Ramsbottom
A view over Ramsbottom
Ramsbottom  Ramsbottom shown within Greater Manchester
Population	14,635  (2001 Census)
OS grid reference	SD790169
- London	174 mi (280 km) SSE
Metropolitan borough	Bury
Metropolitan county	Greater Manchester
Region	North West
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	BURY
Postcode district	BL0
Dialling code	01706
Police	Greater Manchester
Fire	Greater Manchester
Ambulance	North West
EU Parliament	North West England
UK Parliament	Bury North
List of places: UK • England • Greater Manchester

Ramsbottom is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Bury, Greater Manchester, England. It is situated on the course of the River Irwell, in the West Pennine Moors. Historically within Lancashire, it is located 3.9 miles (6.3 km) north-northwest of Bury, and 10 miles (16 km) north-northwest of Manchester. At the time of the 2001 census Ramsbottom had a population of 14,635.

The name Ramsbottom is believed to derive from the Old English words ramm and botm, meaning "valley of the ram". Ramsbottom is described as a "thriving market town in spectacular surroundings". Its Victorian architecture, Pennine landscape, its industrial heritage and the heritage East Lancashire Railway station contribute to cultural tourism in the town.

History

Toponymy

The name probably means "ram's valley" from Old English ramm (ram) and botm (valley). However some toponymists interpret it as wild-garlic-valley, with the first element representing the Old English hramsa meaning "wild garlic". A record from 1324 giving the name as Ramesbothum is inconclusive. The town was alternatively recorded as Ramysbothom in 1540.

Early history

Evidence of prehistoric human activity has been discovered in the hills surrounding the town.Early records show that in Norman times what is now Ramsbottom was part of the Forest of Rossendale. There are a number of Bronze Age burial sites around Ramsbottom, the most notable of which is Whitelow Cairn, one mile (1.6 km) southeast of the town centre and three miles (4.8 km) north of Bury. The cairn was excavated by Bury Archaeological Group between 1960–62, under the leadership of Norman Tyson. Finds include one main and seven secondary cremations, four in urns, dating to the mid Bronze Age. The artefacts found during the excavation are housed in Bury Museum.

The early Anglo-Saxons who gave Ramsbottom its name progressively felled the woodland during the Middle Ages. Ramsbottom became an area of scatteried woods, farmsteads, moorland and swamp with a small community of families until the late 18th century.

Industrial Revolution

Ramsbottom developed during the 19th century as a manufacturing and mill town on the road from Bury to Haslingden by the River Irwell, its suburbs stretched south to Hazelhurst and north to Stubbins. It had mills for spinning, weaving and printing. Its Square Mill was in its day innovative in combining many such processes under one roof.

With its readily available source of water power, Sir Robert Peel purchased land in Ramsbottom in the late 18th century to commence a major manufacturing career. It is this exchange that effectively founded Ramsbottom as a homogeneous settlement; the factory system, and Industrial Revolution facilitated a process of unplanned urbanisation in the area, contributing to the area becoming an important and populous mill town.

The Grant Arms Hotel in Market Place was the home of William and Daniel Grant, 19th-century industrialists closely associated with the rise of the town and reputed to be the inspiration for the Cheeryble brothers in Nicholas Nickleby by Charles Dickens. Those employed by the Grants were paid in tokens that had to be redeemed at a public house owned by the company. The landlord converted the tokens into cash, but only after deducting threepence per person, which had to be spent on beer, a variation on the truck system.

A network of roads and railways routed through Ramsbottom allowed for a series of diverse industries, including calico-printing, cotton spinning, machine-making, rope-making, and iron and brass founding. Imports of foreign goods during the mid-20th century precipitated the decline of these sectors.

Governance

From the Middle Ages Ramsbottom was historically in Lancashire, it was an area in the township of Lower Tottington, in the parish of Bury, and hundred of Salford. It was part of the Bury Poor Law Union, which was formed in February 1837, overseen by a Board of 25 Guardians including three from Tottington Lower End using the old workhouses at Bury, Radcliffe, Pilkington and Heywood until a new workhouse at Jericho opened in 1857. In 1864 the Ramsbottom Local Board of Health was formed for the Ramsbottom area in Tottington Lower End township. In 1883 parts of Elton, Tottington Higher End and Walmersley with Shuttleworth townships were added to the area of the Local Board. In 1894 the area of the Local Board became Ramsbottom Urban District. Parts of Bury Borough and Walmersley with Shuttleworth civil parish were added to the Urban District in 1933. The Urban District was dissolved in 1974 and the Central, East, South and West wards were included in Bury Metropolitan Borough and the remainder in the Rossendale District of Lancashire.

Ramsbottom is part of the Bury North constituency which was created in 1983 from parts of the former seats of the former Rossendale and Bury and Radcliffe constituencies.

Geography

Ramsbottom lies amongst the South Pennines

The Ramsbottom parish formed in 1844 was a mile and a quarter in length and about three-quarters of a mile in width in the Lower Tottington township in the valley of the River Irwell that extends from Bury to Rossendale. It is bounded to the south by Holcombe Brook and Summerseat; to the north by Edenfield, Irwell Vale, Stubbins and the hamlets of Chatterton and Strongstry; to the west by Holcombe and to the east by Shuttleworth and Turn Village.

The area is characterised by its position on the south side of the West Pennine Moors. The high ground rises sharply on either side of the town with Holcombe Moor, Harcles Hill and Bull Hill to the west and Top O' Th' Hoof, Harden Moor, Scout Moor and Whittle Hill to the east.

Transport

Rail

LMS 'Jinty' 0-6-0T No. 47324 at Ramsbottom railway station

The railway arrived in Ramsbottom in 1846 when the Manchester, Bury and Rossendale Railway Company built a railway from Bury to a junction with the Manchester and Bolton Railway and extended the line northwards to Rawtenstall with a station in the town centre. The line between Bury and Rawtenstall remained open to passengers until 1972 and for freight until 1980. This line is used by the East Lancashire Railway, a modern heritage railway which opened in 1987.

Road

The district straddles the A676, A56 and B6214 roads with its centre 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Bury, 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Rawtenstall and 6 miles (9.7 km) north east of Bolton. The M66 motorway runs to the east of the town, linking it north to the M65 motorway and south to the M62 motorway and the Manchester Outer Ring Road.

Landmarks

The Peel Monument looking south towards Bury

The skyline is dominated by the Peel Monument which stands on Holcombe Moor, a memorial to Sir Robert Peel, the 19th-century British Prime Minister and creator of the modern British police force. The tower stands 128 feet (39.0 m) tall on Holcombe Moor. There are spectacular views over West Yorkshire, North Lancashire, Greater Manchester, North Wales and the Lancashire Plain. From the top of the tower it is possible to see Blackpool Tower on a clear day.

Edward Allington's sculpture "Tilted Vase" in the centre of Ramsbottom

Ramsbottom is on the path of the Irwell Sculpture Trail. The 'Tilted Vase' by Edward Allington, a sculpture both classical in shape to reflect the surrounding buildings but apparently bolted together to reflect the old industries, is located in Market Place. This piece of work, weighing around two tons, was funded with £250,000 of National Lottery money.

Nuttall Park is a large park with facilities for bowls, tennis, football and public events. The park hosts regular fun fairs and family events, and is a popular attraction with locals and tourists alike.

Education

In 1841, cotton mill owners, the Ashtons built a day school in Crow Lane which was used as a Sunday School and for church services.

• Edenfield CE Primary, Stubbins Community Primary, St Joseph's RC Primary, St Andrew's CE Primary, Hazelhurst County Primary, Emmanuel Holcombe CE Primary, Holcombe Brook Community Primary, Summerseat Methodist Primary, Peel Brow Primary
• Rossendale School founded in 1989 is a specialist residential and day school for children aged eight to 16 with behavioural, emotional and social difficulties.
• Woodhey High School
• Darul Uloom Islamic College

Religion

St Andrew's Church, the oldest church in Ramsbottom, was built by the Grant family in 1834 as a Scottish Presbyterian Church. In the 1860s a member of the Grant family deprived the congregation of its church and in 1869 offered it to the Bishop of Manchester as an Anglican church. It became a mission church to St Paul's until 1875 when it was consecrate as the Parish Church of St Andrew. In 1993 the church was refurbished and re-ordered and Dedication in 1994. The Ashton brothers donated farm land as site for St Paul's Church which cost £3,400. It was consecrated in 1850. The Anglican Churches in Ramsbottom are churches are part of the Ramsbottom & Edenfield Team Ministry.

• Christ Church Baptist Methodist Church
• Dundee United Reformed Church
• Greenmount United Reformed Church, Greenmount
• Ramsbottom Pentecostal Church
• Ramsbottom Evangelical Church
• St. Andrew's CE Church
• St. Joseph's RC Church
• St. Paul's CE Church
• Darul Uloom Islamic College

• 

  St. Paul's CE Church

• 

  St. Andrew's CE Church

• 

  St. Joseph's RC Church

• 

  Dundee United Reformed Church

• 

  Ramsbottom Pentecostal Church

Sports

Ramsbottom Cricket Club play in the Lancashire League. The team has included professional players such as Seymour Nurse (West Indies), Chris Harris (New Zealand), Brad Hodge (Australia and Lancashire CCC), Ian Harvey (Australia and currently Derbyshire CCC) and Ian Chappell (Australia). Its ground, close to Ramsbottom railway station, has a reputation as being one of the best and most picturesque in the North West of England. Ramsbottom United Football Club play in the North West Counties Football League Division One (level 9 in the English Football League System). The club's home games are played at its floodlit pitch, the Riverside Ground, adjacent to the cricket ground.

Culture and community

Hundreds of people climb Holcombe Hill on Good Friday. Historically this gathering had a principally religious purpose as the hill is said to be strikingly similar to Calvary, the hill on which Jesus was crucified. A smaller gathering of people also keep alive the tradition of egg rolling before starting the climb. The large gatherings on the hill are clearly visible from miles away, and occasionally attract unorthodox religious preachers, who sometimes preach on the hill. In recent years the celebrations have become more secular, with the public house at the bottom of Holcombe Hill attracting as many as 3,000 visitors if the weather is good. This has led to complaints from local residents and to restrictions being imposed by the local council.

Since 1843 there has been an annual exhibition of game fowl, held on New Year's Day at the Old Dun Horse Hotel. This competitive show replaced the annual cockfight that took place in the town square following the New Year Holcome Hunt. The exhibition, which is organised by the Holcombe Old English Game Fowl Club, is said to be the oldest gamecock show in the world.

Ramsbottom's amateur dramatic group, the Summerseat Players, a registered charity run entirely not-for-profit, puts on five performances in each season, and a performances by local schools and dance groups, along with the company's own youth theatre groups. The group was formed in 1968, and performed at St. Winifred's Church Hall in Summerseat. In 1990, with donations and loans from members and enthusiasts, the company purchased what is now the Theatre Royal on Smithy Street, Ramsbottom.

Ramsbottom hosts an annual rhythm & blues festival. The now defunct pub the Corner Pin, was where the band Elbow played their first gig. The Ramsbottom Recorded Music Society was formed in 1967 to promote an interest and appreciation of music and meets bi weekly on Thursday evenings at Christ Church Neighbourhood Centre.

The Black Pudding Throwing World Championships are held annually at the Royal Oak (now The Oaks) pub on Bridge Street in the town centre. Participants have to toss the puddings in an attempt to dislodge a stack of Yorkshire Puddings placed on plinths on two levels (one for children, the other for adults). The winner is the one who dislodges more Yorkshire Puddings in three attempts. The competition was originally started at the now defunct Corner Pin pub in nearby Stubbins, but apocryphally it is said the contest stems from the War of the Roses in which opposing forces from Lancashire and Yorkshire are said to have hurled black puddings and Yorkshire puddings at each other when they ran out of ammunition.^{[citation needed]}

Media

The community radio station, 104.7 Rossendale Radio, has broadcast to Ramsbottom, Stubbins, Summerseat and surrounding areas since 1 May 2010. It is a not for profit Community Interest Company, relying on public funding and commercial revenue. Several local newspapers report Ramsbottom news including The Lancashire Telegraph, Rossendale Free Press, and Bury Times.

See also

• List of people from Bury

References

Bibliography

• Aspin, Chris (1995), The First industrial Society: Lancashire 1750–1850, Carnegie Publishing, ISBN 1-85936-016-5 
• Nicolaisen, W. F. H.; Gelling, M.; Richards, M. (1970), The Names of Towns and Cities in Britain, B. T. Batsford, ISBN 0-7134-0113-3 

External links

• Ramsbottom Heritage Society
• Churches Together in Ramsbottom
• Official Homepage of the World Black Pudding Throwing Championships
• RamsbottomOnline.com