Renal vein thrombosis

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Renal vein thrombosis
Classification and external resources
The anterior surfaces of the kidneys, showing the areas of contact of neighboring viscera.
ICD-10	I 82.3
ICD-9	453.3
DiseasesDB	11359
MedlinePlus	000513
eMedicine	med/2005 radio/887

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is the formation of a clot or thrombus obstructing the renal vein, leading to a reduction in drainage of the kidney.

[edit] Presentation

This thrombosis can lead to imbalances in blood clotting factor. Its symptoms may include blood in urine or being diminished in volume.

CT showing dilatation and thrombosis of the left renal vein in a patient with nutcracker syndrome

CT angiography can be used in diagnosis.^[1]

Surgery to remove the clot is possible, but rarely performed.

Anticoagulation therapy can have some benefits.^[2]

^ Asghar M, Ahmed K, Shah SS, Siddique MK, Dasgupta P, Khan MS (2007). "Renal vein thrombosis". European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 34 (2): 217–23. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2007.02.017. PMID 17543556.
^ Zigman A, Yazbeck S, Emil S, Nguyen L (2000). "Renal vein thrombosis: a 10-year review". J. Pediatr. Surg. 35 (11): 1540–2. doi:10.1053/jpsu.2000.18302. PMID 11083418.

Arteriosclerosis	Atherosclerosis (Foam cell, Fatty streak, Atheroma, Intermittent claudication) · Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis · Arteriolosclerosis (Hyaline, Hyperplastic, oxycholesterol, cholesterol, LDL, trans fat)

Stenosis	Renal artery stenosis · Carotid artery stenosis

Other	Fibromuscular dysplasia · Degos disease · Aortoiliac occlusive disease · Raynaud's phenomenon/Raynaud's disease · Erythromelalgia

Inflammation	Phlebitis

Venous thrombosis/ Thrombophlebitis	primarily lower limb (Deep vein thrombosis) abdomen (Hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd–Chiari syndrome, May-Thurner syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, Renal vein thrombosis) upper limb/torso (Paget-Schroetter disease, Mondor's disease) head (Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis) Post-thrombotic syndrome

Varicose veins	Varicocele · Gastric varices · Portacaval anastomosis (Hemorrhoid, Esophageal varices, Caput medusae)

Other	Superior vena cava syndrome · Inferior vena cava syndrome · Venous ulcer · Chronic venous insufficiency · Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency

Arteries or veins

Hypertension	Hypertensive heart disease · Hypertensive nephropathy · Essential hypertension · Secondary hypertension (Renovascular hypertension) · Pulmonary hypertension · Malignant hypertension · Benign hypertension · Systolic hypertension · White coat hypertension

Hypotension	Orthostatic hypotension