Replication protein A (RPA) is a protein that binds single-stranded DNA in eukaryotic cells.[1] During DNA replication, RPA prevents single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from winding back on itself or from forming secondary structures. This keeps DNA unwound for the polymerase to replicate it. RPA also binds to ssDNA during the initial phase of homologous recombination, an important process in DNA repair and prophase I of meiosis. Like its role in DNA replication, this keeps ssDNA from binding to itself (self-complementizing) so that the resulting nucleoprotein filament can then bound by Rad51 and its cofactors.[2]
A bacterial homolog is called single-strand binding protein (SSB).
[edit] References
- ^ Wold, MS (1997). "Replication protein A: heterotrimeric, single-stranded DNA-binding protein required for eukaryotic DNA metabolism". Annual Review of Biochemistry 66 (1): 61–92. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.66.1.61. PMID 9242902.
- ^ Xuan, L; Wolf-Dietrich, H (2008). "Homologous recombination in DNA repair and DNA damage tolerance". Cell Research 18 (99): 99–113. doi:10.1038/cr.2008.1. PMID 18166982.
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Separation
and initiation |
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| Replication |
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| Termination |
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see also DNA replication and repair-deficiency disorder
B bsyn: dna ( repl, cycl, reco, repr) · tscr ( fact, tcrg, nucl, rnat, rept, ptts) · tltn ( risu, pttl, nexn) · dnab, rnab/ runp · stru ( domn, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°)
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| Excision repair |
Base excision repair/ AP site ( DNA glycosylase, Uracil-DNA glycosylase, Poly ADP ribose polymerase) • Nucleotide excision repair/ ERCC ( XPA, XPB, XPC, XPD/ERCC2, XPE/DDB1, XPF/DDB1, XPG/ERCC5, ERCC1, RPA, RAD23A, RAD23B, Excinuclease)
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| Other forms of repair |
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| Other/ungrouped proteins |
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| Regulation |
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| Other/ungrouped |
8-Oxoguanine • Adaptive response • Meiotic recombination checkpoint • RecF pathway
DNA helicase: BLM · WRN
FANC proteins: core protein complex ( FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, FANCL, FANCM), FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCI, FANCJ, FANCN
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see also DNA repair-deficiency disorder
B bsyn: dna (repl, cycl, reco, repr) · tscr (fact, tcrg, nucl, rnat, rept, ptts) · tltn (risu, pttl, nexn) · dnab, rnab/runp · stru (domn, 1°, 2°, 3°, 4°)
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