Republican Party presidential primaries, 1988
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| Gold denotes a state won by George H. W. Bush. Green denotes a state won by Pat Robertson. Purple denotes a state won by Bob Dole. Grey denotes a state that did not hold a primary. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1988 Republican presidential primaries were the selection process that Republican voters used to choose their nominee for President of the United States in the 1988 U.S. presidential election. Incumbent Vice President George H.W. Bush was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1988 Republican National Convention held from August 15 to August 18, 1988 in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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[edit] Primary race
Vice President George H. W. Bush had the support of President Ronald Reagan and pledged to continue Reagan's policies, but also pledged a "kinder and gentler nation"[cite this quote] in an attempt to win over some more moderate voters. Bush faced some prominent challengers for the GOP nomination, despite his front runner status.
At the start of the primary election season in early 1988, televangelist Pat Robertson's campaign was attacked because of a statement he had made about his military service. In his campaign literature, he stated he was a combat Marine who served in the Korean War. Other Marines in his battalion contradicted Robertson's version, claiming he had never spent a day in a combat environment. They asserted that instead of fighting in the war, Robertson's primary responsibility was supplying alcoholic beverages for his officers. (See Education and military service).
Robertson's campaign got off to a strong second-place finish in the Iowa caucuses, ahead of Bush. Robertson did poorly in the subsequent New Hampshire primary, however, and was unable to be competitive once the multiple-state primaries like Super Tuesday began. Robertson ended his campaign before the primaries were finished. His best finish was in Washington, winning the majority of caucus delegates. However, his controversial win has been credited to procedural manipulation by Robertson supporters who delayed final voting until late into the evening when other supporters had gone home. He later spoke at the 1988 Republican National Convention in New Orleans and told his remaining supporters to cast their votes for Bush, who ended up winning the nomination and the election. He then returned to the Christian Broadcasting Network and has remained there as a religious broadcaster.
Bush unexpectedly came in third in the Iowa caucus (that he had won back in 1980), behind the winner Senator Bob Dole, and Robertson. Dole was also leading in the polls of the New Hampshire primary, and the Bush camp responded by running television commercials portraying Dole as a tax raiser, while Governor John H. Sununu stumped for Bush. These efforts enabled the Vice President to defeat Dole and gain crucial momentum. After his loss Dole was bitter about his defeat, going on TV to tell Bush to "stop lying about my record."[1]
Once the multiple-state primaries began, Bush's organizational strength and fundraising lead were impossible for the other candidates to match, and the nomination was his. The Republican party convention was held in New Orleans, Louisiana. Bush was nominated unanimously. Bush selected U.S. Senator Dan Quayle of Indiana as his running mate.
In his acceptance speech, Bush made an energetic pledge, "Read my lips: No new taxes", a comment that would come to haunt him in the 1992 election.
[edit] Candidates
[edit] Nominee
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Vice President George H.W. Bush of Texas
[edit] Withdrew during primaries
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Senate Minority Leader Bob Dole of Kansas (March 29, 1988[2] )
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Former Governor Pierre S. du Pont, IV of Delaware
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Teleevangelist Pat Robertson of Virginia
[edit] Withdrew before primaries
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Former Secretary of State Alexander Haig
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Former U.S. Senator Paul Laxalt of Nevada
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Former Governor Harold E. Stassen of Minnesota
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[edit] Notable Endorsements
George H. W. Bush
- President Ronald Reagan (announced May 12, 1988)
- Former Senator and 1964 Presidential nominee Barry Goldwater of Arizona[3]
- Reverend Jerry Falwell[3]
Bob Dole
- Senator Strom Thurmond of South Carolina[3]
Jack Kemp
- House Minority Whip Trent Lott of Mississippi[3]
- Representative Newt Gingrich of Georgia
[edit] Results
[edit] Statewide
| Date | State | George H.W. Bush | Bob Dole | Pat Robertson | Jack Kemp | Pete du Pont |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 14 | Michigan | 57% | 3% | 22% | 17% | 0% |
| February 4 | Hawaii | 9% | 9% | 82% | 0% | 0% |
| February 7 | Kansas | 0% | 99% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| February 8 | Iowa caucus | 19% | 37% | 25% | 11% | 7% |
| February 16 | New Hampshire | 38% | 29% | 9% | 13% | 10% |
| February 18 | Nevada | 27% | 22% | 15% | 13% | 1% |
| February 23 | Minnesota | 11% | 43% | 28% | 15% | 0% |
| February 23 | South Dakota | 19% | 55% | 20% | 5% | 1% |
| February 24 | Wyoming | 23% | 46% | 11% | 7% | 2% |
| February 28 | Maine | 64% | 8% | 14% | 2% | 0% |
| March 1 | Alaska | 24% | 20% | 49% | 7% | 0% |
| March 1 | Vermont | 49% | 39% | 5% | 4% | 2% |
| March 5 | South Carolina | 49% | 21% | 19% | 11% | 0% |
| March 8 | Alabama | 65% | 16% | 14% | 5% | 0% |
| March 8 | Arkansas | 47% | 26% | 19% | 5% | 1% |
| March 8 | Florida | 62% | 21% | 11% | 5% | 1% |
| March 8 | Georgia | 54% | 24% | 16% | 6% | 0% |
| March 8 | Kentucky | 59% | 23% | 11% | 3% | 0% |
| March 8 | Louisiana | 58% | 18% | 18% | 5% | 1% |
| March 8 | Maryland | 53% | 32% | 6% | 6% | 1% |
| March 8 | Massachusetts | 59% | 26% | 5% | 7% | 1% |
| March 8 | Mississippi | 66% | 17% | 13% | 3% | 0% |
| March 8 | Missouri | 42% | 41% | 11% | 4% | 0% |
| March 8 | North Carolina | 45% | 39% | 10% | 4% | 0% |
| March 8 | Oklahoma | 37% | 36% | 21% | 5% | 0% |
| March 8 | Rhode Island | 65% | 23% | 6% | 5% | 1% |
| March 8 | Tennessee | 60% | 22% | 13% | 4% | 0% |
| March 8 | Texas | 64% | 14% | 15% | 5% | 0% |
| March 8 | Virginia | 53% | 26% | 14% | 5% | 1% |
| March 8 | Washington | 24% | 26% | 39% | 8% | 0% |
| March 15 | Illinois | 55% | 36% | 7% | 1% | 1% |
| March 29 | Connecticut | 71% | 20% | 3% | 3% | 0% |
| April 4 | Colorado | 76% | 0% | 10% | 0% | 0% |
| April 5 | Wisconsin | 82% | 8% | 7% | 1% | 0% |
| April 26 | Pennsylvania | 79% | 12% | 9% | 0% | 0% |
| May 3 | District of Columbia | 88% | 7% | 4% | 0% | 0% |
| May 3 | Indiana | 80% | 10% | 7% | 3% | 0% |
| May 3 | Ohio | 81% | 12% | 7% | 0% | 0% |
| May 10 | Nebraska | 68% | 22% | 5% | 4% | 0% |
| May 10 | West Virginia | 77% | 11% | 7% | 3% | 0% |
| May 17 | Oregon | 73% | 18% | 8% | 0% | 0% |
| May 24 | Idaho | 81% | 0% | 9% | 0% | 0% |
| June 7 | California | 83% | 13% | 4% | 0% | 0% |
| June 7 | Montana | 73% | 19% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| June 7 | New Jersey | 100% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| June 7 | New Mexico | 78% | 10% | 6% | 0% | 0% |
| June 14 | North Dakota | 93% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
[edit] Nationwide
Popular vote results:[3]
- George H. W. Bush - 8,253,512 (67.90%)
- Bob Dole - 2,333,375 (19.19%)
- Pat Robertson - 1,097,446 (9.02%)
- Jack Kemp - 331,333 (2.72%)
- Unpledged - 756,990 (4.48%)
- Pierre S. du Pont IV - 49,783 (0.41%)
- Alexander M. Haig - 26,619 (0.22%)
- Harold Stassen - 2,682 (0.01%)
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Dillin, John (February 18, 1988). "Even with win, Bush seen to be vulnerable". Christian Science Monitor: p. 1.
- ^ O'Toole, James (30 March 1988). "Dole leaves race, urges keeping GOP in the White House". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=n9RRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=8m0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6679,8783898&hl=en. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
- ^ a b c d e Our Campaigns - US President - R Primaries Race - Feb 01, 1988
[edit] External links
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