Return J. Meigs, Jr.

Return J. Meigs, Jr.
5th United States Postmaster General
In office March 17, 1814 – June 26, 1823
Preceded by	Gideon Granger
Succeeded by	John McLean
4th Governor of Ohio
In office December 8, 1810 – March 24, 1814
Preceded by	Samuel H. Huntington
Succeeded by	Othniel Looker
United States Senator from Ohio
In office December 12, 1808 – December 18, 1810
Preceded by	John Smith
Succeeded by	Thomas Worthington
Chief Judge of the Ohio Supreme Court
In office 1803–1804
Member of the Northwest Territory House of Representatives from Washington County
In office 1799–1801
Preceded by	New District
Succeeded by	Ephraim Cutler William Rufus Putnam
Personal details
Born	November 17, 1764(1764-11-17) Middletown, Connecticut
Died	March 29, 1825(1825-03-29) (aged 60) Marietta, Ohio
Resting place	Mound Cemetery
Political party	Democratic-Republican
Alma mater	Yale University
Profession	Politician, Lawyer, Judge
Military service
Service/branch	United States Army
Rank	Brevet Colonel

Return Jonathan Meigs, Jr. ( /ˈmɛɡz/; November 17, 1764 – March 29, 1825) was a Democratic-Republican politician from Ohio. He served as the fourth Governor of Ohio, fifth United States Postmaster General, and as a U.S. Senator.

Biography

Meigs was born in Middletown, Connecticut, the son of Return J. Meigs, Sr. and the descendant of early Puritan settlers in Massachusetts. He graduated from Yale College in 1785 and studied law there. In 1788, after being admitted to the bar in Connecticut, he moved to Marietta, Ohio, where his father had been one of the first settlers, arriving earlier that year.

In Marietta, Meigs was a lawyer, storekeeper and farmer, as well as serving in public offices. He was appointed the first court clerk for the court established at Marietta in 1788. When a post office was established in Marietta in 1794 he became its first postmaster. In 1798 he was named to a judgeship on the Northwest Territory's territorial court, and in 1799 he won election to the territorial legislature.

In 1803 he was appointed the first Chief Justice of the Ohio State Supreme Court. He served in that position for a year before serving as a judge in the Louisiana Territory and Michigan Territory. He returned to Ohio in 1807 to run for governor. He won the election, but was declared ineligible for failing to meet the residency requirements. He then was appointed to the U.S. Senate to finish the term of John Smith and was re-elected to his own term a year later. He resigned in late 1810 after winning the governorship. He served two two-year terms, resigning in April 1814 when appointed Postmaster General by President Madison. He served until 1823, when he retired due to ill health and returned to Marietta. Meigs died in Marietta on March 29, 1825, and is buried in Marietta's Mound Cemetery. His grave is marked by a large monument.

Family

Meigs was married in 1788 to Sophia Wright. They had one child, a daughter. Return J. Meigs, Jr. did not have a direct male heir, but two of his younger brothers, John and Timothy, each named a son Return Jonathan Meigs. The first of these - called Return J. Meigs III - passed the bar in Frankfort, Kentucky, commenced law practice in Athens, Tennessee, and became prominent in Tennessee state affairs before the Civil War. He moved to Staten Island, New York, however, at the time of Tennessee's secession from the Union in 1861. Among those men who read law under his tutelage in Tennessee was William Parish Chilton who would become Chief Justice of the Alabama Supreme Court.

Timothy's son, Return J. Meigs IV, married Jennie Ross, daughter of principal Cherokee chief John Ross, and emigrated to Oklahoma on the Trail of Tears.

Legacy

Meigs County, Ohio is named in his honor. (Meigs County, Tennessee is named for his father.) Fort Meigs in Perrysburg, Ohio was named in his honor during the War of 1812 by William Henry Harrison.

References

• Return J. Meigs, Jr. at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Retrieved on 2008-08-10

Notes

Political offices
Preceded by Samuel H. Huntington	Governor of Ohio 1810 – 1814	Succeeded by Othniel Looker
Government offices
Preceded by Gideon Granger	United States Postmaster General Served under: James Madison, James Monroe 1814 – 1823	Succeeded by John McLean
Assembly seats
New district	Member of the Northwest Territory House of Representatives from Washington County 1799–1801 Served alongside: Paul Fearing	Succeeded by Ephraim Cutler Rufus Putnam
United States Senate
Preceded by John Smith	Senator from Ohio (Class 1) 1808-12-12 – 1810 Served alongside: Edward Tiffin, Stanley Griswold, Alexander Campbell	Succeeded by Thomas Worthington
Legal offices
New title	Chief Judge of the Ohio Supreme Court 1803 – 1804	Vacant Title next held by Hugh L. Nichols as Chief Justice of the Ohio Supreme Court