Return from the Stars
| Return from the Stars | |
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 1st edition |
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| Author(s) | Stanisław Lem |
| Original title | Powrót z gwiazd |
| Cover artist | Marian Stachurski |
| Country | Poland |
| Language | Polish |
| Genre(s) | Science fiction novel |
| Publisher | Czytelnik (first Polish edition) Harcourt Brace Jovanovich (first English edition) |
| Publication date | 1961 |
| Published in English | 1980 |
| Media type | Print (Hardcover & Paperback) |
| Pages | 247 pp (first English edition) |
| ISBN | ISBN 0-15-177082-4 (first English edition) |
| OCLC Number | 5940875 |
| Dewey Decimal | 891./537 |
| LC Classification | PZ4.L537 Re PG7158.L39 |
Return from the Stars (Polish: Powrót z gwiazd) is one of the better known science fiction novels of Stanisław Lem, the most famous Polish science-fiction author. Written in 1961, it revolves around the story of a cosmonaut returning to his homeworld, Earth, and finding it a completely different place than when he left. The novel touches among the ideas of alienation, culture shock and dystopias. It was translated into English in 1980.
Contents |
Plot summary [edit]
The novel tells the story of an astronaut, Hal Bregg, who returns to Earth after a 127 year mission to Arcturus (In original Polish version Fomalhaut). Due to time dilation, the mission has lasted only 10 years for him, but on Earth he faces culture shock, as he finds the society transformed into a utopia, free of wars or violence, or even accidents.
For Hal, however, this new world is too comfortable, too safe. Earth is no longer home, it is "another, alien planet". Humans themselves have changed, having undergone a procedure called betrization, designed to neutralizes all aggressive impulses. Hal mistrusts this approach, seeing the side effects of extreme risk-aversion as wrong. In particular, for an astronaut, he cannot agree with the opinion that space travel and space exploration are nothing but a youthful and dangerous adventurism. For Hal, this means that "... they have killed the man in man". He and the other returning astronauts are viewed with mistrust, seen as "resuscitated Neanderthals". They are alienated, outcasts, and subject to social pressure to undertake the betrization procedure. The other choice is to leave Earth again and hope that once they come back, in several centuries, Earth's society is more familiar again.
In time, Hal's marries a local girl, Eri, and comes to see the world her way, even disapproving of his youth's love, space expeditions. When he learns that members of his former crew are planning a mission to Sagittarius, he seems not to care, content to leave the stars to others. Hal still remembers his past, recalls the moon Kereneia, a magnificent canyon "made of red and pink gold, almost completely transparent... through it you can see all the strata, geological folds, anticlines and synclines... all this is weightless, floating and seeming to smile at you". Yet he trades the chance to experience such sights and adventures for love and peaceful, quiet life.
Major themes [edit]
Return from the Stars is one of Lem's several works focusing on utopia. Out of those, it is the least pessimistic about the consequences of technological progress and their effect on our sociocultural evolution. Even so, the depicted world is not perfect: in a pacified society, with no conflict, stress, and danger, Lem argues that humans will become unable to take any risks, to take initiative, commit themselves to any serious tasks, and even lose the ability for self-assertion and for feeling strong emotions. Return from the Stars asks whether some sociocultural advances, like peace, are worth the price we may pay for losing part of our nature. Is a bland, safe world worth sacrificing that which may be gained with risk-taking?
Lem's description of the betrization technique and its effect on men's lack of of masculinity has been considered a prediction of the mildness shown by contemporary men and the celebration of misandry in the 21st Century.[citation needed]
Lem accurately and eerily predicts the disappearance of paper books from the society. Lem even describes a reading device very much like the iPad that the main character Hal Bregg gets familiar with when he tries to find paper books and newspapers. The novel also anticipates electronic paper with its "opton" concept. This is in some places cited as the first published appearance of the idea of digital paper which can present various texts.[citation needed]
Bibliography [edit]
Polish Editions:
- Czytelnik 1961,1968
- Wydawnictwo Literackie 1970, 1975, 1981, 1985
- Interart, 1994
- Wydawnictwo Literackie, 1999
English Editions:
- Harcourt Brace, 1980
- Secker & Warburg, London, 1980
- Avon Book, New York 1982
- Penguin Books, 1982 (together with Tales of Pirx the Pilot and The Invincible)
- Harcourt Brace, San Diego, 1989
- Mandarin, London, 1990
Quotes [edit]
- "The society to which you have returned is stabilized. Life is tranquil. Do you understand? The romance of the early days of astronautics is gone. It is like the achievements of Columbus. His expedition was something extraordinary, but who took any interest in the captains of galleons two hundred years after him? There was a two-line note about your return in the reel."
- "Today there is no tragedy. Not even the possibility of it. We eliminated the hell of passion, and then it turned out that in the same sweep, heaven, too, had ceased to be. Everything is now lukewarm..."
Notes [edit]
References [edit]
- Return from the Stars, Official English page of the book
- Peter Swirski, "Betrization Is the Worst Solution... With the Exception of All Others." The Art and Science of Stanislaw Lem. Edited by Peter Swirski. Montreal, London: McGill-Queen's UP, 2006.
- Marilyn Jurich, The pseudo-utopian cosmographies of Stanislaw Lem, Utopian Studies, 1998, Vol. 9, Issue 2, ISSN 1045-991X
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