Rubber stamp

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This article is about the craft. For the political metaphor, see Rubber stamp (politics).
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A toy rubber stamp featuring a pterosaur.

Rubber stamping, also called stamping, is a craft in which some type of ink made of dye or pigment is applied to an image or pattern that has been carved, molded, laser engraved or vulcanized, onto a sheet of rubber. The rubber is often mounted onto a more stable object such as a wood, brick or an acrylic block to produce a more solid instrument. The ink coated rubberstamp is then pressed onto any type of medium such that the colored image has now been transferred to the medium. The medium is generally some type of fabric or paper. Other media used are: wood, metal, glass, plastic, rock. High volume batik uses liquid wax instead of ink on a metal stamp.

Commercially available rubber stamps fall into three categories: stamps for use in the office, stamps used for decorating objects or those used as children's toys.

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[edit] Official rubber stamps

The signatures on official documents are verified using a stamp in Europe. Care must be taken to not to lose these stamps, since possessing the stamp would allow forgery of official documents.

Company rubber stamps are also called company chop in most Asian countries. "Chop" in this context is actually derived from the Malay word cap.

Passport stamps are a common use of very important official rubber stamps.

[edit] Business rubber stamps

rubber stamp with adjustable date

Rubber stamps for business are custom-made, showing an address, a corporate logo or something similar, or they are bought ready-made. They often have movable parts that allow the user to adjust the date or the wording of the stamp. They are still often used to date incoming mail, memos and similar items, as well as to denote special handling of the document. There are about 10-15 large to medium sized businesses in the UK that are producing stamps of all kinds all day every day. Many smaller businesses exist producing just a few daily.

Business stamps are generally available from stationers or direct from the manufacturer. Popular stamps include address stamps and one line cheque stamps. Some artists have been using such stamps to decorate pieces of art for special effects or in an ironic way.

[edit] Automated Rubber Stamps

Document marking can be done from within the user's word processor. This can be done manually by creating the "stamps" to appear on the documents such as "DRAFT," "CLIENT COPY," etc. These stamps are fully scaleable as well as unlimited in color. Alternatively, these stamps can be applied by using automated document marking software for Microsoft Word. This allows each page to be stamped as it is printed with the user selected stamps created electronically. This provides the user with a standarized and consitent document management solution for paper-based workflows.

[edit] Ready made decorative rubber stamps (art stamps)

Art stamps have become fashionable in the United States, more so than in Europe. While they are mostly regarded as children's toys in Europe, in the U.S. they are available in many intricate designs and are widely used to decorate various objects.

Such art stamps can be used for easy decoration of useful things like paper for letters, greeting cards and similar things, but also can be combined with other techniques to create traditional art.

[edit] Rubber stamps as an art form

Contour stamp
 This article contains weasel words, vague phrasing that often accompanies biased or unverifiable information. Such statements should be clarified or removed. (March 2009)

As rubber stamping increasingly gains popularity, mostly in the United States, it also gains a reputation as an art form. Some participants choose to carve their own rubber stamps, either of old-fashioned gum erasers or eraser-like rubber. Companies like Speedball or MasterCarve even supply carving sets to amateurs wishing to carve their own rubber stamps that include gouge-like instruments. This special rubber is popular due to its ease of use. It can mimic woodcuts, but is rarely used this way. The print from the carved rubber stamp is viewed as work of art on its own, or one or more stamps are used to embellish a work of art with other components.

Other materials besides rubber may be used to produce a stamp. Woodcut and linocut are art forms based on the same principles. Linoleum is much harder than rubber and thus requires special tools. In Europe, linocut is more popular, especially with students and hobby artists. Woodcut, opposingly, is mostly used by professional artists, requiring much talent and patience. Rubber carving material is available in Europe, but it's marketed as a children's toy and not widely used.

There are several possibilities to vary the look of those works. Paints, pigments and dye inks all create different effects, extending the use of rubber stamping from paper to fabrics, wood, metal, glass, and so on. Special ink pads can be purchased that allow for embossing and there are markers that can be used to ink stamp pads with a variety of colors for a multi-color look. Mixed media possibilities are endless.

The print of a larger rubber stamp can be a work of art on its own right, and is often used as such. But it's also possible to use multiple prints from the same or different rubber stamps on a piece of art to create a picture, or combine stamping with other art forms.

The use of rubber stamps can be combined with other materials. The image may be embellished by the addition of chalks, inks, paints, fibers and a variety of other ephemera and embellishments.

Those works are often used in mail art or artist trading cards because they tend to be small and allow the making of series. The TAM Rubber Stamp Archive has a collection of prints of rubber stamps mail-artists used since 1983 (see link). Stamping is also often used in handmade cardmaking, scrapbooking, and letterboxing.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

Sister project Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rubber stamps
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