Convention for the Lease of the Liaotung Peninsula

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The Convention for the Lease of the Liaotung Peninsula (Chinese: 旅大租地條約; Russian: Русско-китайская конвенция), also known as the Pavlov Agreement, is an unequal treaty signed between Alexander Pavlov of the Russian Empire and Li Hongzhang of the Qing dynasty of China on 27 March 1898. The treaty granted Russia the lease of Port Arthur (Lüshun) and permitted its railway to extend to the port (later South Manchuria Railway) from one of the points of the Chinese Eastern Railway (CER).[1][2][3][4]

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  1. ^ Pan, Guang (2019-09-12). A Study of Jewish Refugees in China (1933–1945): History, Theories and the Chinese Pattern. Springer Nature. p. 259. ISBN 978-981-13-9483-6.
  2. ^ Klein, Mike (2019-10-16). "A Rare Russian Plan of Dalian | Worlds Revealed: Geography & Maps at The Library Of Congress". blogs.loc.gov. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
  3. ^ "Demolishing Dalian: China's 'Russian' city is erasing its heritage – in pictures". the Guardian. 2017-03-23. Retrieved 2022-05-18.
  4. ^ Kowner, Rotem (2017-04-06). Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 465. ISBN 978-1-4422-8184-4.