S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia

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OAO S.P. Korolev Rocket and Space Corporation Energia (Russian: Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" им. С.П.Королева Raketno-kosmicheskaya korporatsiya "Energiya" im. S.P.Koroleva), also known as RKK Energiya, is a Russian manufacturer of spacecraft and space station components. It is the prime developer and contractor of the Russian manned spaceflight program; it also owns a majority of Sea Launch.[1]

Contents

[edit] Overview

Energia is the largest company of the Russian space industry and one of its key players. It is responsible for all operations involving manned spaceflight and is the lead developer of the Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, and the lead developer of the Russian end of the International Space Station. Currently, the company employs between 22,000 — 30,000 people.[2]

The enterprise has been awarded with 4 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution and Russian Federation President's Message of Thanks. In addition, 14 cosmonauts employed by the company have been awarded the title "Hero of the Russian Federation".[3]

[edit] Structure

Prime Minister Vladimir Putin inspecting a test and control station at the Energia Rocket and Space Corporation

The company consists of the following subsidiaries and branches:[3]

In addition, the company possesses a developed social infrastructure.[3]

38% of the company's stock is owned by the Russian state.[3]

[edit] History

The company was founded on 16 May 1946 and has been known successively as: Special Design Bureau number 1 of R&D Institute number 88 (Russian: ОКБ-1 НИИ-88 or OKB-1 of NII-88), TsKBEM, NPO Energia and S.P. Korolev RSC Energia. It is named after the first chief of its design bureau Sergei Korolev (1946–1966). His successors as chief designers were: Vasiliy Mishin (1966–1974), Valentin Glushko (1974–1989), Yuriy Semenov (1989–2005), Nikolay Sevastyanov (2005–2007). Its current President and Chief designer is Vitaliy Lopota.

[edit] Ongoing projects

[edit] Future projects

  • Development of manned lunar program: landing by 2025, creating of permanent lunar base by 2030 in order to extract helium-3.
  • Development of manned Mars mission: landing beyond 2035.
  • Development of a pod designed for clearing near-Earth space of satellite debris. The new device is planned to be assembled by 2020 and tested by 2023. The concept is to build the device to use a nuclear power source so that it could remain on task for up to 15 years, primarily working in the geosynchronous orbit zone. Debris collected would be de-orbited to re-enter over the ocean.[4]

[edit] Historic projects

Throughout the years its products have included:

[edit] IRBMs and ICBMs

Including meteorological rockets as their modifications.

[edit] Launch vehicles

[edit] Research, Observation and Communication Earth Satellites

[edit] Deep Space Exploration Spacecraft

[edit] Unmanned Cargo Spacecraft

[edit] Manned Spacecraft

[edit] Earth space stations

[edit] Lunar Space Stations

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ "Business briefs". http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/11/09/349379/business-briefs.html. Retrieved 2010-11-10. 
  2. ^ Harvey, Brian (2007). "The design bureaus". The Rebirth of the Russian Space Program (1st ed.). Germany: Springer. ISBN 9780387713540. 
  3. ^ a b c d "OAO Rocket and Space Corporation Energia after S.P. Korolev". OAO Energia. http://www.energia.ru/english/energia/history/oao.html. Retrieved 2009-10-05. 
  4. ^ "Russia To Spend 2 Bln Dollars For Space Clean-Up". http://www.spacemart.com/reports/Russia_To_Spend_2_Bln_Dollars_For_Space_Clean_Up_999.html. Retrieved 2010-11-24. 

[edit] External links

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