S Andromedae
| Supernova 1885 | |
|---|---|
| Observation data (Epoch J2000.0) | |
| Supernova type | Ia |
| Remnant type | Unknown |
| Host galaxy | Andromeda Galaxy |
| Constellation | Andromeda |
| Right ascension | 00h 42m 43.11s |
| Declination | +41° 16′ 04.2′′ |
| Galactic coordinates | 121.1702 -21.5741 |
| Discovery date | 19 August 1885 UTC |
| Peak magnitude (V) | +6 |
| Distance | 2.6 Mly |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Progenitor | Unknown |
| Progenitor type | Unknown |
| Colour (B-V) | +1.31 ~ +12.9 |
| Notable features | First and only supernova observed in Andromeda; first extragalactic supernova observed |
| Other designations | |
|---|---|
| Database References | |
| Simbad | Data |
| Image | |
S Andromedae (also SN 1885A) was a supernova in the Andromeda Galaxy, the only one seen in that galaxy so far by astronomers, and the first ever noted outside the Milky Way. It is also known as "Supernova 1885".
It was discovered on August 19, 1885, by the Irish amateur astronomer Isaac Ward in Belfast,[1] and independently the following day by Ernst Hartwig at Dorpat (Tartu) Observatory in Estonia. It reached magnitude 6, but faded to magnitude 16 by 1 st February 1886.
The star was reported to be reddish in color and declined very rapidly in brightness, which is atypical for Type Ia supernovae. Unfortunately no spectroscopic data is available.
The location of the supernova event was 16″ from the relatively bright nucleus of the galaxy. This made detection of the supernova remnant difficult, and multiple attempts proved unsuccessful. Finally, in 1988, astronomer R. A. Fesen and others using the 4-meter Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak discovered the iron-rich remnant of the explosion.[2] Further observations were made with the Hubble Space Telescope in 1995.[3]
[edit] References
- ^ Beesley, D. E. (September 1985). "Isaac Ward and S Andromedae". Irish Astronomical Journal 17(2): 98. Bibcode 1985IrAJ...17...98B.
- ^ Fesen, Robert A.; Saken, Jon M.; Hamilton, Andrew J. S. (June 15, 1989). "Discovery of the remnant of S Andromedae (SN 1885) in M31". Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters 341. Bibcode 1989ApJ...341L..55F. doi:10.1086/185456.
- ^ Hamilton, Andrew J. S.; Fesen, Robert A. (October 2000). "An Ultraviolet Fe II Image of SN 1885 in M31". The Astrophysical Journal 542 (2): 779–784. arXiv:astro-ph/9907102. Bibcode 2000ApJ...542..779H. doi:10.1086/317014.
[edit] External links
- "S Andromedae: Supernova 1885 in M31". Students for the Exploration and Developments of Space. http://www.seds.org/messier/more/m031_sAnd.html. Retrieved 2005-08-12.
- "Supernova 1885A - S Andromedae". Archived from [%68%74%74%70://casa.colorado.edu/~mcl/sand.html the original] on February 19, 2001. http://web.archive.org/web/20010219002215/%68%74%74%70://casa.colorado.edu/~mcl/sand.html. Retrieved August 12, 2005.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Beesley, D. E. (September 1985). "Isaac Ward and S Andromedae". Irish Astronomical Journal 17(2): 98. Bibcode 1985IrAJ...17...98B.
- ^ Fesen, Robert A.; Saken, Jon M.; Hamilton, Andrew J. S. (June 15, 1989). "Discovery of the remnant of S Andromedae (SN 1885) in M31". Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters 341. Bibcode 1989ApJ...341L..55F. doi:10.1086/185456.
- ^ Hamilton, Andrew J. S.; Fesen, Robert A. (October 2000). "An Ultraviolet Fe II Image of SN 1885 in M31". The Astrophysical Journal 542 (2): 779–784. arXiv:astro-ph/9907102. Bibcode 2000ApJ...542..779H. doi:10.1086/317014.
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