Sadism and masochism in fiction

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Louis Malteste illustration on a Jean de Virgan book representing a flogging in Ancient Rome.

The role of sadism and masochism in fiction attracts serious, scholarly attention. Anthony Storr has commented that the volume of sadomasochist pornography shows that sadomasochistic interest is widespread in Western society;[1] John Kucich has noted the importance of masochism in late-19th century British colonial fiction.[2] This article presents appearances of sadomasochism in literature and works of fiction in the various media.[3][4][5]

Contents

[edit] Novels

Titles are sorted in chronological order.

[edit] Before 1800

Flagellation in Fanny Hill illustrated by Édouard-Henri Avril.
  • Aloisiae Sigaeae, Toletanae, Satyra sotadica de arcanis Amoris et Veneris (1660) by Nicolas Chorier, translated into English as A Dialogue between a Married Woman and a Maid in various editions.[6] depicts an older woman giving sexual instruction to a younger, recommending the spiritual and erotic benefits of a flogging.[7]
  • Fanny Hill (1749) by John Cleland – depicts mutual flagellation, between Fanny and an English client.[8] The understanding of flagellation is in transition from an aphrodisiac practice intended to improve sexual performance to a sexual activity in its own right.[9]

[edit] 1800 to 1899

  • Revelries! and Devilries!! (1867), anonymous, published by William Dugdale. Said to be the collaboration of four Oxford scholars and an army officer.[23] The book is a linked collection of stories in which sadism is a theme.[24]
  • Personal Recollections of the Use of the Rod (1868) by "Margaret Anson", pseudonym of British author James Glass Bertram (John Camden Hotten: York, date given as 1857).[25][26] As is common in this genre, the author/narrator is given as female, and the perpetrators and victims are mainly women.[27] Reprinted by Blue Moon Books in 2000; also published as The Merry Order of St. Bridget. Translated in French as Une société de flagellantes. Réminiscences et révélations d'une soubrette de grande maison (1901) by Jean de Villiot, illustrated by Martin van Maële.
  • Flagellation & the Flagellants: A History of the Rod (1868) by "Rev. William Cooper", again James Glass Bertram,[26] a best-seller for Hotten.[28][29]
  • Venus in Furs (1870) by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch – Autobiographical novel wherein the protagonist encourages his mistress to enslave and mistreat him. Many of Sacher-Masoch's other works contain themes of sadomasochism and female dominance of the male. The term 'Masochism' derives from von Sacher-Masoch's name.
  • Miss Coote's Confession (1879–1880), an epistolary serial novella also supposedly by Rosa Coote in The Pearl, a pornographic magazine published by William Lazenby, deals with flagellation at home and at school.[43][44][45]
  • The Whippingham Papers (1888) with poetry ascribed to Algernon Charles Swinburne, edited by St. George H. Stock, a probable pseudonym, also credited with The Romance of Chastisement (1866). A collection of Victorian stories and verse about erotic flagellation.[46]
  • Lashed into Lust: The Caprice of a Flagellator (1899)[47] by Anonymous. – French novel reprinted in 1908 with "James Lovebirch" as author. Reprinted in 2000 by Blue Moon Books (New York).
  • The Yellow Room (1891) by anonymous (generally attributed to "M. Le Comte Du Bouleau", aka Stanislas Matthew de Rhodes).[48] – Novella about an eighteen-year-old girl educated and disciplined by her stern aunt and uncle.[49] Reprinted along with the novella Letters to a Lady Friend, in Whipped into Shape: Two Classic Erotic Novellas by Renaissance E Books Inc. (2004).
  • Gynecocracy: A Narrative of the Adventures and Psychological Experiences of Julian Robinson, by "Viscount Ladywood" [pseud.] (1893),[50][51][52] the author recounts his punishment as a boy at the hands of the governness to whom he is sent, along with three female cousins, after having taken indecent liberties with a household maid. Forced to wear girls' clothing as his ordinary attire, Julian, now Julia, is subjected to frequent flagellations, as are his cousins, one of whom he later marries, submitting to her dominance through continued forced feminization and crossdressing.
  • The Confessions of Georgina (1893) by Julian Robinson (aka Le Compte Du Bouleau, Stanislas Matthew de Rhodès) – a tale of bondage and domination that satirizes the hypocrisy of Victorian morality. Author of The Petticoat Dominant, or Woman's Revenge – The Autobiography of a Young Nobleman (1898), an early classic of male-submissive pinafore eroticism.
  • Tales of Fun and Flagellation (1896) by Lady Gay Spanker [pseud.].[54] A diverse collection of anecdotes and stories.[55]
Dolly Morton Illustration
  • The Memoirs of Dolly Morton: The Story of A Woman's Part in the Struggle to Free the Slaves, An Account of the Whippings, Rapes, and Violences that Preceded the Civil War in America, with Curious Anthropological Observations on the Radical Diversities in the Conformation of the Female Bottom and the Way Different Women Endure Chastisement (1899) under the pseudonym Jean de Villiot, probably Hugues Rebell[56] or Charles Carrington. Edited and published in London and Paris by Charles Carrington.[57] Another edition was published in Philadelphia in 1904.[58]

[edit] 1900 to 1999

  • "Frank" and I (1902) by Anonymous. Originally published in three volumes in England. Edwardian novel of flagellation pornography. A wealthy young man, who is "a lover of the rod", takes in "Frank", a teenage girl disguised as a boy. A 1983 film was released as Frank and I and Lady Libertine.
  • Maud Cameron and her Guardian (1903) by Charles Sackville, privately printed for subscribers only (Golden Birch House: London). Author of numerous flagellation novels published in London and Paris including: Two Lascivious Adventures of Mr. Howard – A continuation of Maud Cameron and her Guardian (1907), The Amazing Chastisements of Miss Bostock (1908), Three Chapters in the Life of Mr. Howard (1908), Whipping as a Fine Art – Being an Account of Exquisite and Refined Chastisement Inflicted by Mr. Howard on Grown-up Schoolgirls (1909), et al.
  • Woman and Her Master (1904) by Jean de Villiot, pseudonym of Georges Grassal – a novel of flagellation erotica translated into English by Charles Carrington from the original 1902 French edition, La Femme et son maître.[59]
  • Birch in the Boudoir (1905) by anonymous (attributed to Hugues Rebell, real name Georges Grassal), translated and published in Paris by Charles Carrington. Reprinted in 1989 by Blue Moon Books as Beauty in the Birch. - An exchange of racy letters about the amatory and disciplinary experiences of a new master of an English school for wayward girls and a woman living in an Arabian harem.
  • The Mistress and The Slave (1905) by George Merder – a study of female domination and sadomasochism as an upper-class businessman is enslaved and brutalized by a Parisian street-girl. Translated from the original French edition, La Maitresse et l'Esclave (Maison Mystere, ca. 1903).
  • La Flagellation Passionnelle (1906) by Don Brennus Aléra, pseudonym of Roland Brévannes. Between 1903 and 1936 he wrote and illustrated around 100 historical and contemporary novels about flagellation and crossdressing petticoat punishment.
  • The Beautiful Flagellants of New York (1907) by Lord Drialys (The Society of British Bibliophiles [Charles Carrington]: Paris) – follows an intrepid traveller's adventures from Chicago to Boston to New York. Originally published in three volumes, one for each city.[62] Reprinted by Olympia Press as The Beautiful Flagellants of Chicago, Boston and New York.
  • Nos Belles flagellantes (1907) by Aimé Van Rod (Édition Parisienne: Paris). French author of dozens of flagellation novels including: Nouveax Contes de Fouet (1907), The Conjugal Whip (Le fouet conjugal) (1908), Le Fouet dominateur ou L'École des vierges, Les Mystéres du Fouet (both 1909), The Humiliations of Miss Madge (1912), Les Malheurs de Colette (1914), Visites fantastiques au pays du fouet (1922), Le Precepteur (1923), Memories d'une Fouettee (1924), et al.
  • The Way of a Man with a Maid (ca. 1908) by Anonymous. First published in France, exact date and author unknown. Three-volume Edwardian novel of abduction, sex and sadism. Often reprinted as a single volume under the shorter title A Man with a Maid. Adapted to film in 1975 called What the Swedish Butler Saw.
  • La Comtesse au fouet (1908), by Pierre Dumarchey (Pierre Mac Orlan)[63] – the story of a cruel dominatrix who turns the male hero into a "dog-man". Under the pen-name Miss Sadie Blackeyes, he wrote popular flagellation novels such as Baby douce fille (1910), Miss: The memoirs of a young lady of quality containing recollections of boarding school discipline and intimate details of her chastisement (1912), and Petite Dactylo et autres textes de flagellation (1913). And as "anonymous" wrote Masochists in America (Le Masochisme en Amérique: Recueil des récits et impressions personnelles d'une victime du féminisme) (1905).
  • Éducation Anglaise (1908) by Lord Kidrodstock (Édition Parisienne: Paris) – early and unusual text featuring forced cross-dressing and flagellation. Boys and girls in an English boarding school are dressed alike in girls' clothes. They receive training by means of the discipline of tight corsets, narrow high-heeled boots, etc., reinforced by frequent application of the whip or the birch. Illustrated with ten drawings by Del Giglio.
  • Coups de Fouet (1908) by Lord Birchisgood [pseud.] (Édition Parisienne, Roberts & Dardailons Éditeurs: Paris).[64] Author of Le Tour d'Europe d'un flagellant (1909),[65] et al.
  • Les Cinq fessées de Suzette (Five Smackings of Suzette) (1910) by James Lovebirch [pseud.], published in Paris. Author of many popular flagellation novels such as L'Avatar de Lucette (The Misadventures of Lucette), Peggy Briggs, Au Bon Vieux Temps (all from 1913), and The Flagellations of Suzette (1915), Paris: Library Aristique.[66]
  • Qui Aime Bien (1912) by Jacques d'Icy, pseudonym of author and artist Louis Malteste[67] (Jean Fort: Paris), illustrated by Malteste. Writer of many books of spanking/whipping erotica such as: Chatie Bien (1913), Monsieur Paulette et Ses Epouses (1921), Paulette Trahie (1922), Brassée de faits (1925), Les Mains Chéries (1927), et al.
  • Le règne de la cravache et de la bottine (The Reign of the Riding Crop and the Boot) (1913) by Roland Brévannes, pseudonym of Bernard Valonnes (Select Bibliothèque: Paris) - humiliating animal roleplay, female-dominated men are forced to crawl about in bear suits. A theme explored in several of his books; in Les Esclaves-montures (Slave Mountings) (1920) and Le Club des Monteurs Humaines (1924), men are turned into obedient cart ponies.
  • Fred: The True History of a Boy Raised as a Girl (1913) by Don Brennus Alera, pseudonym of Roland Brévannes – classic story of humiliating petticoat punishment (Pinafore eroticism). Followed by the sequels Frederique (1921), Frida (1924), Fridoline (1926), and Lina Frido (1927).
  • Récits Piquants, chaudes aventures: scènes de féminisme. (1914) by Gilbert Natès, illustrated by G. Topfer. French compilation of various episodes of whipping. The punishers are all women, the victims boys and girls, young men and women. In several cases the male victims are forced to wear female clothing.
  • Two Flappers in Paris (1920) by "A. Cantab" [pseud.] - two young women visitjing Paris are lured into a flagellatory brothel.[69]
  • Esclaves Modernes (Modern Slaves) (1922) by Jean de Virgans, illustrated by Gaston Smit – unusual tale of power exchange (BDSM) with white European women whipped and abused by African natives. Virgans also wrote Flagellees in 1909.
  • Le Dressage de la Maid-Esclave (1930) by Bernard Valonnes, pseudonym of Roland Brévannes (Select Bibliothèque: Paris) - two-volume story of women trained as cart-pulling ponygirl slaves.
  • The Discipline of Odette (1930) by Jean Martinet [pseud.] (Éditions Prima); English translation of the French whipping/spanking novel Matée par le fouet.
  • Bagne de femmes (Jail for Girls) (1931) by Alan Mac Clyde [pseud.], Librairie Générale: Paris. One of the earliest of dozens of sadomasochistic novels by this unknown author. Followed by Dressage (1931), La Cité de l'horreur (1933), Servitude (1934), Dolly, Esclave (1936), et al.
  • Dresseuses d'hommes (1931) by Florence Fulbert (Jean Fort: Paris), illustrated by Jim Black [Luc Lafnet].[70] Story of men dominated and punished by women.
  • Sous la tutelle (Under Supervision) (1932) by René-Michel Desergy (Jean Fort: Paris), illustrated by Luc Lafnet – story of spanking, whipping and enema punishment. Author of numerous spanking and flagellation novels such as Trente Ans (1928), Severe Education (1931), Diana Gantee (1932), and Chambrieres De Haute Ecole (1934).
  • Memoirs of a Dominatrice (1933) by Jean Claqueret (Jean Fort: Paris). French author of many whipping/spanking novels: Clotilde et Quelques Autres (1935), Humiliations chéries (1936), Pantalons sans défense (1938), et al.
  • La Volupté du Fouet (The Pleasure of the Whip) (1938) by Armand du Loup, illustrated by famous French artist Etienne Le Rallic under the alias R. Fanny.
  • Story of O (1954) by Pauline Réage – To prove her love, the protagonist submits to being kept in a château and abused by a group of men, one her official lover. Later, she resumes her normal life, while secretly becoming the property of a friend of her lover's.[71] It was made into a film in 1975.
  • The Whip Angels (1955) by XXX or Selena Warfield, pseudonyms of Diane Bataille, second wife of French writer Georges Bataille (The Olympia Press: Paris)[72] – a pastiche of a Victorian erotic novel.
  • The Passionate Lash or The Revenge of Sir Hilary Garner (c. 1957) by Alan McClyde [pseud.] (Pall Mall Press: Paris) – Alan Mac Clyde was a popular house name used for erotic books from the 1920s to the 1970s.
  • The Ordeal of the Rod (1958) by Bernard R. Burns [pseud]. (Ophelia Press: Paris).[73]
  • Gordon (1966) by Edith Templeton – once-banned novel about a woman in postwar London who falls into an intense submissive relationship with a psychiatrist.
  • The Master Spanker (1966) by Edward Landon (Unique Books), Venus In Bondage (1969) by Lurene Jones (N. P. Inc.), and Margo Lee: Diary of a Teenage Sado-Masochist (1969) by Red Young (Classic Publications: Los Angeles) are representative examples of the hundreds of S&M pulp novels produced in the U.S. in the 1960s by Corinth Publications, Taurus Press, Black Cat Books, Gargoyle Press, et al.
  • Tarnsman of Gor (1967) by John Norman – first in a series of 27 erotic science fiction novels set on the planet Gor. The novels describe an elaborate culture of sexual master/slave relationships which have spawned a BDSM lifestyle subculture of followers who call themselves Goreans.
  • Je... Ils... (1969) by Arthur Adamov – With stories like Fin Août. About Masochism, regarded as an "immunisation against death", but does not aim at erotic arousal.
  • The Marquesa de Sade: Erotic Mistress of Exquisite Evil (1970) by Joseph LeBaron [pseud.] (Hanover House: North Hollywood) – adapted from the film produced by Jaybird Enterprises.
  • Memoirs of a Slave (1976) by Rene Michel Desergy (Janus Publications: London) – a typical example of the many books and magazines fetish publisher Janus produced in the 1970s.
  • The Correct Sadist (1983) by Terence Sellers (Grove Press: New York) – reverses the dominant-submissive roles of The Story of O to create a post-feminist American myth about power.[76][77]

[edit] 21st century

  • The Fixer (2011), a series of short works; The Third Secret, a story of blackmail and master-slave love; and A Breed Apart (2011), a story of a woman trying to save her marriage and finding she needs to be a slave, all by Mitchell Joyce.[citation needed]
  • Never the Face[81] (2011) by Ariel Sands, an account of a dominant-submissive relationship that descends into abuse between a man, David, and a woman named only as "Kitten" or "Bitch".[82]

[edit] Mainstream films

Consensual BDSM is not generally depicted accurately or sympathetically in mainstream films, to say the least; however, film-makers often find some way to incorporate BDSM imagery into many films. The following films feature BDSM as a major plot point, not just as an exploitative add-on.[83]

Art movies:

Comedy:

Thrillers:

[edit] Television

 This section contains information which may be of unclear or questionable importance or relevance to the article's subject matter. Please help improve this article by clarifying or removing superfluous information. (April 2010)
  • Full Exposure: The Sex Tapes Scandal (1989), made-for-TV film. Police investigate underground S&M clubs looking for a serial killer. Vanessa Williams plays a hooker/dominatrix who videotapes her clients.
  • Mercy (film) (2000) HBO cable-television movie starring Ellen Barkin and Peta Wilson. Murder mystery leads to a secret S&M society.
  • Jack of All Trades is a comedy-adventure series set in the 19th century starring Bruce Campbell. In the episode "X Marquis the Spot" (2000), Jack visits the island resort of the Marquis de Sade and competes in an S&M-themed obstacle course race that parodies Survivor.
  • Doc Martin, British television comedy-drama series starring Martin Clunes. In the episode "Old Dogs" (2005), the title character is consulted by a man who seems to have a habit of inexplicably injuring himself; it is later revealed that the man and his wife engage in BDSM, with the husband as the submissive.
  • Secret Diary of a Call Girl (2007); in the fourth episode, "Belle" (Billie Piper) takes BDSM lessons from a professional dominatrix as a favor for her accountant who is a closet submissive.
  • Dollhouse (2009); the beginning of the 9th episode shows Echo (Eliza Dushku), returning from an assignment as a leather-clad whip-wielding dominatrix.
  • On the Alias (2003) 2nd season episode "Second Double", Agent Bristow (Jennifer Garner) goes undercover as a German dominatrix in a Berlin leather bar.
  • The FOX series The Inside episode "Old Wounds" dealt exclusively with S&M, and was criticized by the Parents Television Council as a result.[85]
  • The television series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation has featured Melinda Clarke as professional dominatrix Lady Heather in six episodes, most notably in the 90-minute special episode "Lady Heather's Box".[86]
  • Season 4 of HBO series Six Feet Under features a character (Joe) who wants to adopt a submissive sexual role in his relationship with Brenda.[citation needed]
  • A Family Guy gag (from the episode "Let's Go to the Hop") depicts main characters Lois and Peter suiting up for a sadomasochistic session while having a mundane conversation about how wholesome their children are, and why they can be trusted. Toys have been made of this scene.[87] In the audio commentary for that episode it is noted that such a practice seemed normal to them.
  • Season 1 of the FOX medical drama House, episode "Love Hurts" a patient is deeply involved in a BDSM relationship.
  • Rex Van de Kamp of Desperate Housewives was unveiled as a lover of S&M, much to the disgust of his wife, Bree.[88] In Come Back to Me, Sharon Lawrence plays Maisy Gibbons, a dominatrix who walks across Rex's back in stiletto heels.
  • Season 2 of NBC's Friday night drama Homicide: Life on the Street, in the episode "A Many Splendored Thing".[89] Detectives Bayliss and Pembleton investigate a murder in the S&M club scene. Bayliss expresses his disgust at the 'perversion', but the episode ends with his return to a leather shop, where he purchases a studded and belted leather jacket. This episode is the beginning of the character's sexual awakening, as he becomes comfortable with his bisexual feelings.
  • ER (TV series) – a professional dominatrix with broken fingers and her male slave, who was injured in a fall during a bondage/suspension session, are admitted to the emergency room.
  • Private Practice – in the 2nd season, cast member KaDee Strickland is seen roleplaying as a German dominatrix with a latex outfit, studded collar, and a whip.
  • Season 5 of FX's Nip/Tuck has Sean crossing paths with a Hollywood agent (Craig Bierko) with horrific wounds on his chest and the dominatrix (Tia Carrere) who inflicted them on him in the episode "Carly Summers".
  • Rescue Me (TV series) (2009) – In "Initiation" (Season 5, episode 15), Callie Thorne's character seduces Tommy (Denis Leary) dressed as a cheerleader, Playboy bunny and latex-clad dominatrix. They are briefly seen paddling each other in a fast-motion sequence.
  • HBO's series, The Sopranos, features multiple characters who engage in sadomasochism.

Carmela: In a year, tops, you're gonna have to accept a comare. Janice: Oh, yeah? Well I'd like to see a comare who's gonna let him hold a gun to their head when they fuck. Carmela: You let him hold a gun to your head during sex? Janice: Yeah. Well, if that gets him off, I mean, it's not any different than garter belts and nurse's uniforms. Carmela: Well, it's a gun, Janice. I thought you were a feminist. Janice: Usually, he takes the clip out.

  • In the anime and manga Gintama, 2 characters, Sogo Okita and Sarutobi Ayame, often practice Sadism and Masochism respectively.

[edit] Drama

[edit] Poetry

[edit] Music

[edit] Opera

[edit] References

[edit] Footnotes

  1. ^ Storr, Anthony (1991). Human destructiveness: the roots of genocide and human cruelty. Routledge. p. 87. ISBN 0415071704. 
  2. ^ Imperial Masochism: British Fiction, Fantasy, and Social Class by John Kucich (Princeton University Press, 2006)
  3. ^ An esthetics of masochism? The author wonders if the curators of an Austrian exhibition on masochism in art erred in taking an overly literal approach to their subject From Art in America (4/1/2004) by Barry Schwabsky
  4. ^ Barbara Steele's Ephemeral Skin: Feminism, Fetishism and Film by Lecturer Patricia MacCormack of Anglia Polytechnic University, Cambridge
  5. ^ Sadism, Masochism, Food and Television
  6. ^ Patrick J. Kearney (1982) pp.34-46
  7. ^ Muchembled, Robert (2008). Orgasm and the West: a history of pleasure from the 16th century to the present. Polity. p. 77. ISBN 0745638767. 
  8. ^ Storr, Anthony (1991). Human destructiveness: the roots of genocide and human cruelty. Routledge. p. 88. ISBN 0415071704. 
  9. ^ Henderson, Andrea K. (2008). Romanticism and the painful pleasures of modern life. Cambridge studies in Romanticism. 75. Cambridge University Press. p. 15. ISBN 0521884020. 
  10. ^ Largier, Niklaus; Harman, Graham (2007). In praise of the whip: a cultural history of arousal. Zone Books. p. 339. ISBN 189095165X. 
  11. ^ Thomas (1969) p.278
  12. ^ (Wood 1995, p. 1, "Derivations and Definitions".) "The term sadism derives from the Marquis de Sade (1740-1814), a French nobleman imprisoned for his libertinism, and for writing fantastic novels, such as Justine [1797] and Juliette [1797] that equated sexual pleasure with the inflicting of pain, humiliation, and cruelty".
  13. ^ Bloch, Iwan (2002). Marquis de Sade: His Life and Works. The Minerva Group. pp. 249–250. ISBN 1589635671. 
  14. ^ Young, Paul J. (2008). Seducing the eighteenth-century French reader: reading, writing, and the question of pleasure. Ashgate Publishing. p. 124. ISBN 0754664171. 
  15. ^ Mudge, Bradford Keyes (2000). The whore's story: women, pornography, and the British novel, 1684-1830. Ideologies of desire. Oxford University Press. p. 246. ISBN 0195135059. 
  16. ^ Fowler, Patsy; Jackson, Alan (2003). Launching Fanny Hill: essays on the novel and its influences. AMS studies in the eighteenth century. 41. AMS Press. p. 169. ISBN 0404635415. 
  17. ^ Binhammer, Katherine (2003). "The "Singular Propensity" of Sensibility's Extremities: Female Same-Sex Desire and the Eroticization of Pain in Late-Eighteenth-Century British Culture". GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 9 (4): 471–498. doi:10.1215/10642684-9-4-471. 
  18. ^ Rachel Potter, "Obscene Modernism and the Trade in Salacious Books", Modernism/Modernity, Volume 16, Number 1, January 2009, pp.87-104 doi:10.1353/mod.0.0065 [1]
  19. ^ Eliot, Simon (2000). "Hotten: Rotten: Forgotten? An Apologia for a General Publisher". Book History 3: 61–93. doi:10.1353/bh.2000.0007. 
  20. ^ Bold, Alan Norman (1983). The Sexual dimension in literature. Critical studies series. Vision Press. p. 107. ISBN 0854783040. 
  21. ^ Marcus, Sharon (2007). Between women: friendship, desire, and marriage in Victorian England. Princeton University Press. p. 142. ISBN 0691128359. 
  22. ^ Walter M. Kendrick, "The secret museum: pornography in modern culture", University of California Press, 1996, ISBN 0-520-20729-7, p.168
  23. ^ Hirschfeld, Magnus (1936). Sexual anomalies and perversions: physical and psychological development and treatment. Francis Aldor. p. 312. 
  24. ^ Bloch, Iwan (1903). Der Einfluss äusserer Faktoren auf das Geschlechtsleben in England. M. Lilienthal. p. 88. 
  25. ^ Heath, Stephen (1983). L'enigma del sesso. Nuova biblioteca Dedalo. 23. Edizioni Dedalo. p. 212. ISBN 8822060237. 
  26. ^ a b Thomas (1969) p.271
  27. ^ Heath, Stephen (1992). ""Difference"". In Merck, Mandy. The Sexual subject: a Screen reader in sexuality. Routledge. p. 75. ISBN 0415074673. 
  28. ^ Savran (1998) pp.15,323
  29. ^ Weigle, Marta (2007). A Penitente Bibliography. Sunstone Press. p. 24. ISBN 0865346135. 
  30. ^ Sigel (1991) pp.105-116
  31. ^ Lewis, Roy Harley (1981). The book browser's guide to erotica. David & Charles. p. 158. ISBN 0715379496. 
  32. ^ Anderson, Patricia J. (1995). When passion reigned: sex and the Victorians. BasicBooks. p. 95. ISBN 0465089917. 
  33. ^ Kanner, Barbara (1990). Women in English social history, 1800-1914: a guide to research. 2. Garland. p. 539. ISBN 082409168X. 
  34. ^ Marcus, Steven (2009). The other Victorians: a study of sexuality and pornography in mid-nineteenth-century England. Transaction Publishers. p. 75. ISBN 1412808197. 
  35. ^ Bloch (1938) p.361
  36. ^ Green, Jonathon; Karolides, Nicholas J. (2005). The encyclopedia of censorship. Facts on File library of world history. Infobase Publishing. p. 93. ISBN 0816044643. 
  37. ^ White, Chris (2003). Critical Survey. 15. http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst?docId=5006533372. 
  38. ^ Anthony E. Simpson (1987). "Vulnerability and the age of female consent: legal innovation and its effect on prosecutions for rape in eighteenth-century London". In Rousseau, George Sebastian; Porter, Roy. Sexual underworlds of the Enlightenment. Manchester University Press. p. 199. ISBN 0719019613. 
  39. ^ Bloch (1938) pp.360,450
  40. ^ a b Weinberg, Thomas S.; Kamel, G. W. Levi (1983). SandM, studies in sadomasochism. New concepts in human sexuality. Prometheus Books. p. 139. ISBN 0879752181. 
  41. ^ Ashbee (1877) pp.246-251
  42. ^ Rosset, Barney; Jordan, Fred, eds (1984). Evergreen review. 98. Grove Press. p. 117. ISBN 0394620011. 
  43. ^ Thomas (1969) p.276
  44. ^ Saville, Julia F. (2000). A queer chivalry: the homoerotic asceticism of Gerard Manley Hopkins. Victorian literature and culture. University of Virginia Press. pp. 153–154. ISBN 0813919401. 
  45. ^ Heller, Tamar (1997). "Flagellating Feminine Desire: Lesbians, Old Maids, and New Women in "Miss Coote's Confession," a Victorian Pornographic Narrative". Victorian newsletter (Western Kentucky University) (92): 9–14. ISSN 0042-5192. 
  46. ^ Donald Serrell Thomas, "Swinburne, the poet in his world", Oxford University Press, 1979, ISBN 0-19-520136-1, pp.109,215-6
  47. ^ Eulenburg, Albert; Lange, Carl Georg; Loewenfeld, Leopold; Möbius, Paul Julius; Näcke, Paul; Kurella, Hans (1903). Sinnesgenüsse und Kunstgenuss: Beiträge zu einer sensualistischen Kunstlehre. Grenzfragen des Nerven- und Seelenlebens. Bergmann. p. 104. 
  48. ^ Kearney (1981) p.164
  49. ^ Lansbury, Coral (1985). The old brown dog: women, workers, and vivisection in Edwardian England. University of Wisconsin Press. p. 105. ISBN 0299102505. 
  50. ^ Bonnie Bullough, "Cross dressing, sex, and gender", University of Pennsylvania Press, 1993, ISBN 0-8122-1431-5, page 211
  51. ^ Richard Ekins, "Blending genders: social aspects of cross-dressing and sex-changing", Routledge, 1996, ISBN 0-415-11551-5, appendix 1
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[edit] Bibliography

  • Wood, Robert (1995). Sadomasochistic Literature. glbtq.com. New England Publishing Associates. http://www.glbtq.com/literature/sadom_lit.html. Retrieved 2007-12-14 
  • Ashbee, Henry Spencer (1877). Index Librorum Prohibitorum: being Notes Bio- Biblio- Icono- graphical and Critical, on Curious and Uncommon Books. London: privately printed. 
  • Bloch, Iwan (1938). Sexual life in England, past and present. F. Aldor. 
  • Patrick J. Kearney, "The Private Case: an annotated bibliography of the Private Case Erotica Collection in the British (Museum) Library", J. Landesman, 1981
  • Kearney, Patrick J. (1982). A history of erotic literature. Parragon. ISBN 1858131987. 
  • Mendes, Peter (1993), Clandestine Erotic Fiction in English, 1800-1930: A Bibliographical Study, Aldershot, Hants, England: Scolar Press; ISBN 0-85967-919-5
  • Savran, David (1998). Taking it like a man: white masculinity, masochism, and contemporary American culture. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0691058768. 
  • Thomas, Donald Serrell (1969). A long time burning: the history of literary censorship in England. Routledge & Kegan Paul. 

[edit] External links

[edit] See also

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