Santa Cruz, New Mexico
| Santa Cruz, New Mexico | |
|---|---|
| — CDP — | |
| Nickname(s): La Villa Nueva, or La Cañada | |
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| Coordinates: 35°59′37″N 106°2′31″W / 35.99361°N 106.04194°WCoordinates: 35°59′37″N 106°2′31″W / 35.99361°N 106.04194°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  New Mexico |
| County | Santa Fe |
| Founded | 1695-04-21 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 0.7 sq mi (1.8 km2) |
| • Land | 0.7 sq mi (1.8 km2) |
| • Water | 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2) |
| Elevation | 5,663 ft (1,726 m) |
| Population (2000) | |
| • Total | 423 |
| • Density | 608.3/sq mi (234.9/km2) |
| Time zone | Mountain (MST) (UTC-7) |
| • Summer (DST) | MDT (UTC-6) |
| ZIP code | 87567 |
| Area code(s) | 505 |
| FIPS code | 35-70460 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0928814 |
Santa Cruz is a census-designated place (CDP) in Santa Fe County, New Mexico, United States. It is part of the Santa Fe, New Mexico Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 423 at the 2000 census.
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[edit] History
[edit] Colonial period
The broader contribution to the Spanish settlement at Santa Cruz encompasses the small geographical area in which it's situated. The nearby, and unsuccessful, Spanish colony at San Gabriel established by the explorer Juan de Oñate at Ohkay Owingeh in 1598 produced numerous Spanish haciendas and ranchos throughout the locality. However, after the 1680 revolt, it was decided by the new Spanish governor in 1695 under Diego de Vargas to establish a new Spanish villa for the recent settlers that had arrived from Mexico City to help settle and campaign against the rebellious natives. The native pueblos of San Lazaro and San Cristobal, along with its population of Tano Pueblo Natives, were relocated farther away to accommodate the new town where the settlement of Villa Nueva de Santa Cruz de los Españoles Mejicanos del Rey Nuestro Señor Carlos Segundo took root.
[edit] Mexican period
Throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth century, frontier settlement at Santa Cruz had produced a rustic and self-reliant population. With news of Mexican independence in 1821, the town was hardly affected with the exception of the new government's laws and office appointments. Trade with the United States had been forbidden under the former Spanish government, but now enterprising Anglo-Americans began pouring down the Santa Fe Trail, bringing a new prosperity to the region
In 1835, Mexico's new provincial governor, Albino Pérez, was met in the capital of Santa Fe with suspicion and opposition on the basis of rumors of aggressive new tax collections. Outright revolt broke out in 1837 when Pérez jailed the mayor of Santa Cruz, and a militia that was formed there and led by influential members of the community won a decisive battle over quickly mustered loyalist troops. Chaos and turmoil resulted and Albino Pérez was murdered, but authority was reinstituted under New Mexico native Manuel Armijo. This event became known as the Revolt of 1837.
[edit] Territorial period
The arrival of the American Army under Stephen W. Kearny in 1846 ended the twenty-five years of Mexican rule in New Mexico. However, not every resident in New Mexico was pleased with the transition. In January 1847, rebellious forces murdered the first U.S. assigned Governor, Charles Bent, at his home in Taos, beginning the Taos Revolt. Occupying forces in Santa Fe quickly moved an army north under Colonel Sterling Price to stop the rebellion. Colonel Price's troops first met armed resistance at Santa Cruz against a poorly armed and trained force of rebels which they subdued with cannon. The skirmish would become known as the Battle of Cañada.
[edit] Statehood through present
Santa Cruz has continued to maintain much of its traditions and history especially through the Catholic Church. The mission church, built after the first fell into disrepair in the early eighteenth century, remains active and vibrant with a large and dedicated congregation. The arrival of the railroad in the 1880s brought the growth of a new town named Española. The growth of the new city eventually encompassed the old Spanish community and has largely concealed it. Once considered the second most important settlement in New Mexico, the town is now masked by its popular tourist neighbors Taos and Santa Fe.
[edit] Geography
Santa Cruz is located at 35°59′37″N 106°2′31″W / 35.99361°N 106.04194°W (35.993730, -106.042015).[2]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.7 square miles (1.8 km²), all of it land.
[edit] Demographics
As of the census[3] of 2000, there were 423 people, 147 households, and 108 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 608.3 people per square mile (233.3/km²). There were 172 housing units at an average density of 247.4 per square mile (94.9/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 71.63% White, 0.95% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.47% Pacific Islander, 24.35% from other races, and 2.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 91.73% of the population.
There were 147 households out of which 47.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% were married couples living together, 32.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.5% were non-families. 21.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.33.
In the CDP the population was spread out with 35.5% under the age of 18, 13.2% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 7.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 25 years. For every 100 females there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.9 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $21,438. Males had a median income of $23,924 versus $10,833 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $10,278. About 23.9% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
[edit] References
- ^ http://southwest.library.arizona.edu/spmc/body.1_div.27.html southwest.library.arizona.edu
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
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