Scindia
| Maratha Clan Scindia |
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| Surname | Scindia (alternately Shinde, Sendrak) |
| Caste | Hindu Maratha 96k and Kunbi Maratha |
| Lineage | Claimed Suryavansha (Serpent or Sheshvanshi Branch) |
| Heraldic Title: | Prabhakarvarma. |
| Religion: | Hinduism. |
| Original kingdom | Ranathambore and Pattadakal |
| Other kingdoms | Gwalior, Ujjain, Badami. |
| Capitals | Satara Villages. |
| Colour | Red. |
| Nishan | Serpent on flagpole. |
| Clan god | Jyotiba ( Mahadev ). |
| Clan goddess | Tulja-Bhavani (Tuljapur,Maharashtra) Kalika, Mahagauri, Ramvardayini. |
| Devak | Mrugvell or Aagada (A kind of plants found in Maharashtra), Kalamb, Rui and Morvell.[1] |
| Guru | Kaundinya. |
| Gotra | Kaundinya |
| Veda | Rigveda. |
| Mantra | Yajurveda - Madhyandin, Gayatri Mantra.. |
| Prawar | Angiras, Brihaspati and Kaundinya. |
| Victory Weapon | Sword |
| Guhyasutra | Paraska |
| Locations | Maharashtra, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Goa |
| Languages | Marathi, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Sanskrit. |
Scindia (anglicized from Shinde and also spelled as Scindhia, Sindhia, Sindia) are a royal Kunbi Maratha clan in India. This clan included rulers of the Gwalior State in the 18th and 19th centuries, collaborators of the colonial British government during the 19th and the 20th centuries until India became independent, as well as politicians in independent India. Scindia's were entitled to 21 Gun Salutes.
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History [edit]
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This section does not cite any references or sources. (May 2012) |
The Scindia dynasty was founded by Ranoji Scindia, who was the son of Jankojirao Scindia, the Patil of Kanherkhed, a village in Satara District, Maharashtra. Peshwa Baji Rao's career saw the strengthening of the Maratha Empire. Ranoji was in charge of the Maratha conquests in Malwa in 1726. Ranoji established his capital at Ujjain in 1731. His successors included Jayajirao, Jyotibarao, Dattajirao, Jankojirao, Mahadji and Daulatrao Scindia. The Sindhia state of Gwalior became a major regional power in the latter half of the 18th century and figured prominently in the three Anglo-Maratha Wars. They held sway over many of the Rajput states, and conquered north India.
After the defeat of the allied Maratha states by the British in the Third Anglo-Maratha War of 1818, Daulatrao Scindia was forced to accept local autonomy as a princely state within British India and to give up Ajmer to the British. After the death of Daulatrao, Maharani Baiza Bai ruled the empire, saving it from the British power, till the adopted child Jankoji Rao took over the charge. Jankoji died in 1843, and his widow Tarabai Raje Scindia successfully maintained the position and adopted a child from close lineage named Jayajirao.
The Scindia family ruled Gwalior until India's independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, when the Maharaja Jivajirao Scindia acceded to the Government of India. Gwalior was merged with a number of other princely states to become the new Indian state of Madhya Bharat. George Jivajirao served as the state's rajpramukh, or appointed governor, from 28 May 1948 to 31 October 1956, when Madhya Bharat was merged into Madhya Pradesh.
In 1962, Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia, the widow of Maharaja Jiwajirao, was elected to the Lok Sabha, beginning the family's career in electoral politics. She was first a member of the Congress Party, and later became an influential member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. Her son Madhavrao Scindia was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1971 representing the Congress Party, and served until his death in 2001. His son, Jyotiraditya Scindia, also in the Congress Party, was elected to the seat formerly held by his father in 2004.
Vijayaraje's daughters have supported the Bharatiya Janata Party. Vasundhara Raje Scindia contested and won five parliamentary elections from Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. Under the Vajpayee government from 1998 onwards, Vasundhara was in charge of several different ministries. In 2003 she led the Bharatiya Janata Party to its largest majority in Rajasthan, and became the state's Chief Minister. Her other daughter, Yashodhara Raje Scindia, contested assembly elections from Shivpuri in Madhya Pradesh and won in 1998 and 2003. Upon the BJP's win in the state, she became the state's Minister for Tourism, Sports and Youth Affairs. Vasundhara's son Dushyant Singh entered the Lok Sabha in 2004 from Rajasthan.
Origins [edit]
The Scindia family is traditionally considered to be descendants of King Scindia ( Sendrak ) and Old Maratha stem. The Scindia served the Peshwa, and were also Shiledars under the sultanates of the Deccan.[2]
Branches [edit]
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This section does not cite any references or sources. (May 2012) |
Aapteekar, Bhuse, Bhagalkar, Bhure, Bhore, Bhed, Desai, Dable, Dorge, Ghate, Jatayoo, Jadbuddhe, Jade, Kulhar, Kolhe, Kurvasinde, Mung, Muke, Mungekar, Mugool, Mude, Nagawade, Neknamdar, Nebhale, Paigude, Tingre, Valekar, Wable, Jay Scindia, Durday Scindia, Nekul Scindia, Pratap Scindia, Vijay Scindia, Shishupal Scindia, Saktpal Scindia, Sitaja Scindia, Bhairav Scindia, Mahakal Scindia, Mul Scindia. (Total 35)
Subclans [edit]
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This section does not cite any references or sources. (May 2012) |
- Paygude, Deshmukhs of 35 villages of Prant Pune along with Karanjavane Deshmukh.
- Desai, Surname of Patan, Satara District, holds Deshmukhi of a number of villages.
- Scindia, a clan of Torgal intermarried to Chhatrapati Bhosales of Kolhapur on a number of occasions,
- Scindia, clan of Majalgaon, were Saranjamdars of Majalgaon from time of Bijapur sultanates.
- Scindia, Known as Subhedar, Khor, Taluka, Daund, Dist: Pune.
- Wable, Deshmukh of Kopergaon, Dist: Ahmednagar
Titles [edit]
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This section does not cite any references or sources. (May 2012) |
In the course of their military service, the Scindia were bestowed numerous titles[3] by the British Empire, which grew more elaborate with the passage of time:
- 1745: Shrimant Sardar (name) Scindia Bahadur (Brave Chief of the Scindia)
- 1745-1787: Meherban Shrimant Sardar (name) Scindia Bahadur (High and Brave Chief of the Scindia)
- 1787-1790: His Highness Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Sahib Subadar Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur Maharaja Scindia of Gwalior (His Highness the Great King over Kings, High and Brave Lord of the Scindia, Scindia King of Gwalior)
- 1790-1794: His Highness Ali Jah, Umdat ul-Umara, Farzand-i-Arjumand, Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Sahib Subadar Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur, Shrinath, Mansur-i-Zaman, Naib ul-Istiqlal-i-Maharajadhiraj Sawai Madhav Rao Narayan, Maharaja Scindia of Gwalior (His Highness the Exalted Dignity, Pillar of the Nobility, Worthy Son, Great King over Kings and Lord Chieftain of the Brave Scindia, Lord of Fortune, Victorious of the Age, Permanent Deputy of the Peshwar, Scindia King of Gwalior)
- 1794-1827: His Highness Ali Jah, Naib Vakil-i-Mutlaq, Amir ul-Umara, Mukhtar ul-Mulk, Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur, Maharaja Scindia of Gwalior (His Highness the Exalted Dignity, Deputy Agent, Amir of Amirs, Agent of the Kingdom, Great King over Kings of the Brave Scindia, Scindia King of Gwalior)
- 1827-1845: His Highness Ali Jah, Umdat ul-Umara, Hisam us-Sultanat, Mukhtar ul-Mulk, Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur, Shrinath, Mansur-i-Zaman, Maharaja Scindia of Gwalior (His Highness the Exalted Dignity, Pillar of the Nobility, Sword of the Kingdom, Agent of the Kingdom, Great King over Kings of the Brave Scindia, Lord of Fortune, Victorious of the Age, Scindia King of Gwalior)
- 1845-1861: His Highness Ali Jah, Umdat ul-Umara, Hisam us-Sultanat, Mukhtar ul-Mulk, Azim ul-Iqtidar, Rafi-us-Shan, Wala Shikoh, Muhtasham-i-Dauran, Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur, Shrinath, Mansur-i-Zaman (His Highness the Exalted Dignity, Pillar of the Nobility, Sword of the Kingdom, Agent of the Kingdom, Chief of the Highest Authority, High in Prestige, Exalted in Dignity, Great Prince over Princes of the Brave Scindia, Lord of Fortune, Victorious of the Age)
- 1861-1901: His Highness Ali Jah, Umdat ul-Umara, Hisam us-Sultanat, Mukhtar ul-Mulk, Azim ul-Iqtidar, Rafi-us-Shan, Wala Shikoh, Muhtasham-i-Dauran, Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur, Shrinath, Mansur-i-Zaman, Fidvi-i-Hazrat-i-Malika-i-Mua'zzama-i-Rafi-ud-Darja-i-Inglistan (His Highness the Exalted Dignity, Pillar of the Nobility, Sword of the Kingdom, Agent of the Kingdom, Chief of the Highest Authority, High in Prestige, Exalted in Dignity, Great Prince over Princes of the Brave Scindia, Lord of Fortune, Victorious of the Age, Vassal of Her Majesty the Honoured and Exalted Queen of England)
- 1901-1952: His Highness Ali Jah, Umdat ul-Umara, Hisam us-Sultanat, Mukhtar ul-Mulk, Azim ul-Iqtidar, Rafi-us-Shan, Wala Shikoh, Muhtasham-i-Dauran, Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur, Shrinath, Mansur-i-Zaman, Fidvi-i-Hazrat-i-Malik-i-Mua'zzam-i-Rafi-ud-Darjat-i-Inglistan (His Highness the Exalted Dignity, Pillar of the Nobility, Sword of the Kingdom, Agent of the Kingdom, Chief of the Highest Authority, High in Prestige, Exalted in Dignity, Great Prince over Princes of the Brave Scindia, Lord of Fortune, Victorious of the Age, Vassal of His Majesty the Honoured and Exalted King of England)
- 1952-1969: His Highness Ali Jah, Umdat ul-Umara, Hisam us-Sultanat, Mukhtar ul-Mulk, Azim ul-Iqtidar, Rafi-us-Shan, Wala Shikoh, Muhtasham-i-Dauran, Maharajadhiraj Maharaja Shrimant (name) Scindia Bahadur, Shrinath, Mansur-i-Zaman, Fidvi-i-Hazrat-i-Malika-i-Mua'zzama-i-Rafi-ud-Darja-i-Inglistan (His Highness the Exalted Dignity, Pillar of the Nobility, Sword of the Kingdom, Agent of the Kingdom, Chief of the Highest Authority, High in Prestige, Exalted in Dignity, Great Prince over Princes of the Brave Scindia, Lord of Fortune, Victorious of the Age, Vassal of Her Majesty the Honoured and Exalted Queen of England)
Scindia Maharajas of Ujjain and Gwalior[4] [edit]
- Ranoji Rao Scindia (1731 - 19 July 1745). Died 19th July 1745.
- Jayappa Rao Scindia (1745 - 25 July 1755). Born c 1720, died 25th July 1755.
- Jankoji Rao Scindia I (25 July 1755 - 15 January 1761). Born 1745. died 15th January 1761.
- Dattaji Rao Scindia (Regent 1755 - 10 January 1760). Died 10 January 1760.
- Vacant 15 January 1761 - 25 November 1763
- Kadarji Rao Scindia (25 November 1763 - 10 July 1764) Died ?.
- Manaji Rao Scindia (10 July 1764 - 18 January 1768) Died ?.
- Mahadaji Scindia (18 January 1768 - 12 February 1794). Born c.1730, died 12th February 1794.
- Daulat Rao Scindia (12 February 1794 - 21 March 1827). Born 1779, died 21st March 1827.
- Jankoji Rao Scindia II (18 June 1827 - 7 February 1843). Born 1805, died 7th February 1843.
- Jayaji Rao Scindia (7 February 1843 - 20 June 1886). Born 19th January 1835, died 20th June 1886.
- Madho Rao Scindia (20 June 1886 - 5 June 1925). Born 20th October 1876, died 5th June 1925.
- George Jivaji Rao Scindia (Maharaja 5 June 1925 - 15 August 1947, Rajpramukh 28 May 1948 - 31 October 1956, later Rajpramukh) Born 26th June 1916, died 16th July 1961.
- Madhav Rao Scindia (Born 10th March 1945, died 30th September 2001)
- Jyotiraditya Madhav Rao Scindia (Born 1 January 1971)
See also [edit]
- Jai Vilas Mahal, the current residence of the Scindia family.
- Maratha
- Maratha Empire
- Maratha clan system
- List of Maratha dynasties and states
- Bhonsle
- Peshwa
- Gaekwad
- Puars
- Holkar
References [edit]
- ^ R. M. Betham (1 December 1996). Maráthas and Dekhani Musalmáns. Asian Educational Services. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-81-206-1204-4. Retrieved 7 May 2011.
- ^ Richard M. Eaton (19 December 2005). A social history of the Deccan, 1300-1761: eight Indian lives. Cambridge University Press. pp. 188–. ISBN 978-0-521-25484-7. Retrieved 16 July 2011.
- ^ http://www.royalark.net/India/gwalior.htm
- ^ gwalior
Further reading [edit]
- Hope, John (1863). The House of Scindea — A Sketch by John Hope. Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green, London.
External links [edit]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Scindia |
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