Neighborhoods in Seattle

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Seattle, Washington contains many districts and neighborhoods. Seattle mayor Greg Nickels has called Seattle "a city of neighborhoods."[1][2][3] Early European settlers established widely scattered settlements on the surrounding hills, which grew into neighborhoods and autonomous towns. Conurbations tended to grow from such towns or from unincorporated areas around trolley stops from the 19th and early 20th centuries. Consequently, Seattle has suffered from transportation and street-naming problems.[4]

Contents

[edit] Defining Seattle's neighborhoods

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Because Seattle was established during an economic boom fueled by the timber industry[5] (see Seattle#Timber town), the city's early years were characterized by hasty expansion and development, under which residential areas were loosely defined by widely scattered plats. This arrangement was further solidified by the establishment of locally-initiated community clubs, public libraries, public schools, and public parks, which created a sense of community and civic participation.[citation needed]

At the beginning of the 20th Century, Seattle’s community clubs became influential in the organization of public improvements. These had a significant effect upon the character of their neighborhoods and allowed them to remain distinct from the surrounding areas.[6][7] Some community clubs used covenants to restrict the ethnicity of residents.[8] (See also Covenants, below.)

Establishing public library branches can define districts as well as neighborhoods. Public libraries are among the most heavily used buildings.[9] Seattle has elected its city council at large since 1910, and community clubs lobby councilors for the interests of local residents—such as for a library branch. The community organizations build a voting constituency, and in so doing define a neighborhood. In the absence of ward politics, this and campaign finance legislation are seen as more open alternatives. The Greenwood-Phinney Commercial Club was particularly active in organizing toward the Greenwood branch that opened in 1928.[10] The Lake City Branch Library opened in 1935 as a few shelves of books in part of a room in Lake City School, shared with the Works Progress Administration (WPA), sponsored by the Pacific Improvement Club community group. The library moved into a new building in 1955.[11]

Elementary public schools effectively defined many neighborhoods, which are often synonymous with the name of the elementary school when the neighborhood and school were established. Many of the neighborhoods contain a few smaller neighborhoods. Mann and Minor neighborhoods in the Central District, were built around their schools. The University Heights school (1903) in the north of the University District was named for the neighborhood, as was the Latona School (1906) in Wallingford.[12][13]

Parks similarly define some neighborhoods. Madrona Beach and Cowen and Ravenna Parks were privately established to encourage residential development upon otherwise unusable land.[14] The plan for Olmsted Parks fulfilled its goal and significantly influenced the character of neighborhoods around parks and playgrounds.[15] East Phinney and West Meridian neighborhoods are sometimes called Woodland Park, as well as South Green Lake or North Wallingford for Meridian.[16]

[edit] Covenants and racial restrictions

Housing covenants became common in the 1920s and were validated by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1926. Minorities were effectively limited to the International District and parts of some neighborhoods in south-east Seattle for Asian- and Native Americans; or the Central District for Blacks, clearly defining those neighborhoods.[17] Ballard – Sunset Hills, Beacon Hill, Broadmoor, Green Lake, Laurelhurst, Magnolia, Queen Anne, South Lake City, and other Seattle neighborhoods and blocks had racially or ethnically restrictive housing covenants, such as the following sample:

"No person or persons of [any of several minorities] blood, lineage, or extraction shall be permitted to occupy a portion of said property ... except a domestic servant or servants who may actually and in good faith be employed by white occupants."[18]

Further restrictions on conveyance (rental, lease, sale, transfer) were often included, effectively defining most of the neighborhoods in Seattle during the first decades after establishment.

The Supreme Court ruled in 1948 that racial restrictions would no longer be enforced. The Seattle Open Housing Ordinance became effective in 1968. Although unenforcible, legal complications prevent the covenants from being expunged from property title documents.[18]

[edit] Wards and Little City Halls

Seattle initially adopted a ward system, however in 1910, this system was replaced by non-partisan, at-large representation. Variations on ward systems were proposed and rejected in 1914,[19] 1926,[20] 1974, and 1995,[21] and convictions for campaign-related money laundering followed the 1995 campaign.[22] Critics claimed that district-style elections of the city council would result in Tammany Hall-style politics. In 1973, inspired by Boston's model, Mayor Wes Uhlman's administration implemented a system of Little City Halls, where Community Service Centers (CSCs) assumed responsibility for coordinating municipal services. Uhlman's political opponents called the CSCs a thinly disguised ward system designed to promote Uhlman's reelection.[23] CSCs became a setting for political arguments between the city council and the mayor; controversies over accountability, cronyism, and ward politics occurred in 1974, 1976, and 1988. In 1991 the CSCs were renamed Neighborhood Service Centers (NSCs) and were placed under the jurisdiction of the Department of Neighborhoods.[23]

[edit] Local Improvement Districts

A Local Improvement District (LID) is a method by which a group of property owners can share the cost of transportation infrastructure improvements. This involves improving the street, building sidewalks and installing stormwater management systems. Without Seattle's LID assessment system, the city would be unable to maintain its rapid growth in population and territory.[24] LIDs have helped define neighborhoods by localizing decisions about issues like sidewalks, vegetation and other features of the public space, permitting neighborhoods to remain distinct from their neighbors.[citation needed]

[edit] Transportation

Minor arterial roads are generally located along the boundaries of neighborhoods, with streets and highways built according to the street classification system.[25] These effectively help define neighborhoods.[26]

Development in accordance with the street classification system maintains the quality of life of city neighborhoods and improves efficiency of the road system. The classification system discourages rat running through local neighborhood streets.[27]

Transportation hubs, such as business zones and transit stations, such as Park and Ride facilities, provide focal points for districts of neighborhoods the same way trolley stops defined neighborhoods before cars.[citation needed]

[edit] Informal districts

University District Neighborhood Service Center (storefront at right)

No official neighborhood boundaries have existed in Seattle since 1910.[28] Districts and neighborhoods are thus informal; their boundaries may overlap and multiple names may exist for a single district. Boundaries and names can be disputed or change over time. In 2002 a Department of Neighborhoods spokeswoman said, "I've seen my area go from the 'CD' to 'Madrona' to 'Greater Madison Valley' and now 'Madrona Park.' "[3] Some neighborhoods, such as northwest Seattle, do not have widely-recognized names for their greater districts.[citation needed]

Throughout Seattle one can find signs indicating the boundaries of neighborhoods; the locations of these signs have been specified by the city's many community councils. However, the boundaries suggested by these signs routinely overlap and differ from delineations on maps. For example, signs indicate that Lake City Way NE is the southeastern boundary of the Maple Leaf neighborhood,[29][30] while the city clerk's archival map places that district's southern boundary at 85th Street.[31]

Another example of boundary ambiguity is "Frelard," which local residents call the area shared by Fremont and Ballard between 3rd and 8th Avenues NW. Signs facing opposite directions on NW Leary Way reveal the overlap.[32]

Further difficulty in defining neighborhoods can result from residents' identification with neighborhoods different from those marked on signs and maps. After an acrimonious development dispute in 1966, a group of concerned Wallingford citizens enlisted the University of Washington Community Development Bureau to survey their neighborhood; the survey revealed that more residents of southwest Wallingford considered themselves citizens of Fremont than of Wallingford.[12]

[edit] List of districts and neighborhoods

Despite complications in Seattle's system of neighborhoods and districts, the names and boundaries in the following list are generally accepted and widely used.[33] They are based on the Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas,[34] which in turn is based on a variety of sources, including a 1980 neighborhood map produced by the now-defunct Department of Community Development,[35] Seattle Public Library indexes, a 1984-1986 "Neighborhood Profiles" feature series in the Seattle Post-Intelligencer,[36] numerous park, land use and transportation planning studies, as well as records in the Seattle Municipal Archives.

[edit] North End

Neighborhood Service Center (NSC) storefronts cover Lake City-North Seattle, University District-Northeast Seattle, Greenwood-Northwest Seattle, and Ballard has one for itself. NSCs are also called Little City Halls.

Ballard neighborhoods (Ballard map [2], map North [3]), Ballard was a former town for 17 years.

  • Adams
  • Loyal Heights
  • Sunset Hill
  • West Woodland
  • Whittier Heights[37]

Lake City neighborhoods (Lake City map [4]), Lake City a former township for 5 years
Lake City neighborhoods are now also known as Sand Point-Magnuson Park and neighborhoods northwest of Sand Point.

  • Cedar Park
  • Matthews Beach
  • Meadowbrook
  • Olympic Hills
  • Victory Heights[38]

Northgate neighborhoods (Northgate map [5])

Northwestern neighborhoods

  • Greenwood
  • Broadview
  • The Highlands, a large gated community including expansive golf fields.

University District (University District map [6]).

In addition to the central, N, S, E, and W designations for the main campus of the University of Washington, the district has The Ave and now-obscure neighborhoods such as University Heights and University Park.[40]

[edit] Central city

NSC storefronts cover Capitol Hill, Downtown, the Central Area, Queen Anne, Magnolia, and Lake Union-Fremont.

Magnolia (Magnolia map [7], Central map [8])

  • Briarcliff
  • Lawton Park
  • Southeast Magnolia

Queen Anne (Queen Anne map [9])

  • East Queen Anne
  • Lower Queen Anne (the Counterbalance)
  • North Queen Anne
  • West Queen Anne

Capitol Hill (Capitol Hill map [10])
North Capitol Hill and Stevens were formerly Renton Hill.[7] Portage and Union bays are convenient boundaries.

  • Broadway
  • Madison Park
  • Montlake
  • Portage Bay (Roanoke or Roanoke Park)
  • Stevens (north Capitol Hill, Interlaken)

Cascade (Cascade map [11])
(Northlake is usually south Wallingford, remote from Old Seattle by Salmon, Portage, and Union bays.)

Central District, Central Area, or "the CD" (Central Area map [12])

Downtown neighborhoods (Downtown map [13])

[edit] South End and West Seattle

NSC storefronts cover Southeast Seattle (the Rainier Valley neighborhoods, the South End Lake Shore Communities, and Beacon Hill), West Seattle, Greater Duwamish, and Delridge.

South End Neighborhoods (Rainier Valley map [14], map South [15])

  • Columbia City, formerly a town for 15 years, whose history is well preserved by the Rainier Valley Historical Society, at http://www.rainiervalleyhistory.org/
  • Hillman City (a burgeoning business district with an active business association at http://www.hillmancitybiz.org/)
  • Brighton (the lakeshore next to this neighborhood was once called Brighton Beach, but has since been subsumed into Seward Park by all residents and by the City of Seattle Department of Neighborhoods)
  • Dunlap (Othello)
  • Mount Baker.
  • Seward Park. Northern section sometimes referred to as "Lakewood"; entire neighborhood also sometimes referred to as "Lakewood/Seward Park" after the historic Lakewood Community Club, now called the Lakewood/Seward Park Community Club
  • Rainier Beach (Atlantic City Beach)
    • Rainier View (Lakeridge)[44]

Beacon Hill (Beacon Hill map [16])

  • North Beacon Hill
  • Mid Beacon Hill (term as used by City of Seattle, residents simply say "Beacon Hill")
  • New Holly (or Holly Park per City of Seattle)
  • South Beacon Hill (Van Asselt)

West Seattle (West Seattle map [17]), West Seattle formerly a town for 5 years

Delridge (Delridge map [18])

  • High Point
  • Highland Park
  • North Delridge
  • Riverview (South Seattle Community College)
  • Roxhill
  • Westwood (South Delridge)

[edit] Alphabetical list of neighborhoods

Annexation dates follow each name, unless the neighborhood was part of the original Old Seattle, that is, within the area of second incorporation, December 1869.[45]

Date is as of the actual annexation, not the date of the prerequisite enabling city ordinance. Neighborhoods of most of the largest districts are listed under their district, such as West Seattle and Delridge.

[edit] Annexations

Seattle annexed eight municipalities between 1905 and 1910, nearly doubling the area size of the city. Annexations by law were begun by the annexee and had to be approved by the Seattle City Council. The appeal of the inexpensive and accessible electric power and water system services of the public utilities were the primary motivations for the annexation movements.

Ballard was its own incorporated town for 17 years, annexed as its own ward. West Seattle incorporated in 1902, then annexed Spring Hill, Riverside, Alki Point, and Youngstown districts. It was the largest of the incorporated towns to be annexed. Southeast Seattle merged with the towns of Hillman City and York, then incorporated for the only reason of being annexed. Georgetown was the last of the small incorporated cities (towns, actually) to be annexed to Seattle before 1950.

  • Town of South Seattle, annexed 20 October 1905,
    • Neighborhoods of the Duwamish Valley, mostly industrial, except Georgetown
    • (Remaining enclave adjacent with Georgetown, 1921)
  • Town of Southeast Seattle
    • Rainier Valley neighborhoods except Columbia City
    • Hillman City
    • York[59] incorporated July 1906, annexed 7 January 1907
  • Town of Ravenna, annexed 15 January 1907
  • City of Columbia (Columbia City), incorporated 1892, annexed 3 May 1907
  • Town of South Park, incorporated 1902, annexed 3 May 1907.
  • City of Ballard, incorporated January 1890, annexed 29 May 1907
  • City of West Seattle, incorporated April 1902, annexed 24 July 1907
  • City of Georgetown, incorporated 1904, annexed 4 April 1910[55][60]
  • Lake City, incorporated township 1949, annexed January 1954[61]

[edit] Towns annexed 1905–1910

The following towns were annexed by Seattle from 1905 to 1910:

[edit] Future

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Because of the cost of providing city services, low-density residential neighborhoods represent a net revenue loss for municipalities.[63] Because vehicle-license revenue is no longer used to subsidize unincorporated areas, these neighborhoods have become increasingly orphaned.[citation needed]

In April 2004, the City Council voted to defer a decision on Mayor Nickels' proposal to designate the West Hill and North Highline neighborhoods, part of unincorporated King County, as potential annexation areas (PAAs) for at least a year. Because of the tax revolt that took place in Washington in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the county's budget has been reduced and the county has said it is unlikely to be able to maintain adequate levels of funding for urban services in unincorporated areas. The nearby city of Burien, however, has issued a 2004 draft report for its own annexation of all or part of North Highline.

North Highline, which adjoins SeaTac, Burien, and Tukwila in addition to Seattle, consists of the Boulevard Park neighborhood and part of White Center. West Hill, which abuts Tukwila and Renton as well as Seattle, consists of Skyway, Bryn Mawr, Lakeridge, and Earlington. Its population is 32,000.

On December 11, 2006, the Seattle City Council agreed to designate North Highline a "potential annexation area".[64][44]

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes and references

  1. ^ Greg Nickels (July 2005). "Nickels Newsletter - July 2005". http://www.seattle.gov/mayor/about/nicnewsJul05.htm. Retrieved 2007-10-11. 
  2. ^ There is a book about Seattle by Arthur J O'Donnell, In the City of Neighborhoods, iUniverse, Inc., 2004), ISBN 0595337929.
  3. ^ a b Jack Broom (2002-10-05). "New Seattle map: There goes the neighborhood". Seattle Times. http://archives.seattletimes.nwsource.com/cgi-bin/texis.cgi/web/vortex/display?slug=map051&date=20021005. Retrieved 2007-10-11. 
  4. ^ Phelps, p. 34; Chapter 16, "Street Names and House Numbering", pp. 225-235; Chapter 15, "Annexation", pp. 216–224, map "to 1921", p. 217; map "to 1975", p. 224, map key table pp.222-3.
  5. ^ Speidel (1967, 1978)
  6. ^ Wilma (21 May 2001, Essay 3198)
  7. ^ a b Wilma, (01 April 2001, Essay 3157)
  8. ^ Wilma, (01 April 2001, Essay 3158)
  9. ^ Wilma, (5 July 2002), Essay 3879)
  10. ^ David Wilma (October 08 2002). "Greenwood Branch, The Seattle Public Library - HistoryLink.org Essay 3980". HistoryLink.org Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History. http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&File_Id=3980. Retrieved 6 May 2009. 
  11. ^ Wilma, (05 December 2002, Essay 4031)
  12. ^ a b c d (1) Dorpat (1994), ch. 42, 58, 64 (Fremont); 36, 37, 42, 64, 71 (Latona); 36, 37, 42, 71 (University).
    (2) Dorpat (24 July 2001, Essay 3461){
  13. ^ Dorpat (1986), ch. 52
  14. ^ Wilma (20 August 2001, Essay 3502)
  15. ^ Williams
  16. ^ ""Lake Union"". Seattle Neighborhoods. n.d.. http://www.historylink.org/I-map/LU.htm. Retrieved 2006-05-21. 
  17. ^ Hatt, Schmid, Nobbe, & Mitchell
  18. ^ a b (1) Gregory (2) Chardoul-Sutter et al.
  19. ^ Wilma, David (May 1, 2002). "Seattle voters reject a city manager and district elections on June 30, 1914". HistoryLink.org Essay 3761. http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&File_Id=3761. Retrieved May 4, 2009. 
  20. ^ Wilma, David (May 11, 2002). "Seattle voters reject district city council elections and Rich Man's Charter on November 2, 1926". HistoryLink.org Essay 3768. http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&file_id=3768. Retrieved May 4, 2009. 
  21. ^ Kit Oldham and David Wilma (September 7, 2006). "Washington voters reject property rights, casino gambling, and other ballot measures on November 7, 1995". HistoryLink.org Essay 7916. http://www.historylink.org/index.cfm?DisplayPage=output.cfm&File_Id=7916. Retrieved May 4, 2009. 
  22. ^ Jake Batsell, Jack Broom, Barbara A. Serrano (March 18, 1998). "Stewart Case: $5 Million Fine". Seattle Times. http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19980318&slug=2740287. Retrieved May 4, 2009. 
  23. ^ Phelps, pp. 82–84
  24. ^ American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) standards for urban areas having more than 50,000 people
  25. ^ (1) ""Planned Arterials Map Legend Definitions"" (PDF). "Street Classification Maps". Seattle Department of Transportation. 2004-01-02. http://www.seattle.gov/transportation/streetclassmaps/arterialslegend.pdf. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
    (2) ""Street Classification Maps"". Seattle Department of Transportation. 2005. http://www.seattle.gov/transportation/streetclassmaps.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
    http://www.seattle.gov/transportation/streetclassmaps/plan.pdf High-Resolution Version], PDF format, 16.1 MB
    Medium-Resolution Version, PDF format, 1.45 MB 12 January 2004.
    Low-Resolution Version, PDF format, 825 KB 12 January 2004.
    "Planned Arterials Map Legend Definitions", PDF format. 12 January 2004.
    The high resolution version is good for printing, 11 x 17. The low and medium resolution versions are good for quicker online vewing. [Source: "Street Classification Maps, Note on Accessing These PDF Files"]
  26. ^ ""Street Classification Maps, Note on Accessing These PDF Files"". "Street Classification Maps". Seattle Department of Transportation. 2005. http://www.seattle.gov/transportation/streetclassmaps.htm#pdfnote. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
  27. ^ Wilma (01 May 2002, Essay 3761), (20 March 2006, Essay 4246)
  28. ^ Maple Leaf: Neighborhood is another one of Seattle's best-kept secrets
  29. ^ MLCC - Neighborhood Map
  30. ^ ""Maple Leaf", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .jpg 2002-06-17. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/nmaps/html/NN-1038S.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-27. 
  31. ^ Dorpat, Paul (July 24, 2001). "Seattle Neighborhoods: Wallingford -- Thumbnail History". HistoryLink Essays. HistoryLink.org. http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3461. Retrieved 2006-07-30. 
  32. ^ Other well-documented interpretations of names and boundaries of Seattle's neighborhoods can be found in the following:
    • "Seattle Neighborhoods" from the HistoryLink Encyclopedia of Washington State History (particularly their "Thumbnail Histories", many of which reference records of neighborhood organizations and public library branches).
    • Myra Phelps, A Narrative History (a history of Seattle through Engineering Department records and notes).
    • The "Neighbors" project of the Seattle Post-Intelligencer (1996-2000), currently updated as the "Webtowns" section of the online Post-Intelligencer.
    • Neighborhood articles in the archives of the Post-Intelligencer,[1] The Times, and local district newspapers. (Post-Intelligencer archives before 1986 are not available online. The Seattle Times archives before 1990 are not available online.)
    • "Street Classification Maps" from the Seattle Department of Transportation. The Transportation Department has built and designated secondary arterials (officially called minor arterials) predominantly along neighborhood boundaries.
  33. ^ "List of Neighborhoods". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/nmaps/neiglist.htm. Retrieved 2009-04-29. 
    Shenk, Pollack, Dornfeld, Frantilla, and Neman (authors of the Seattle Atlas) drew largely upon primary sources. Phelps is also a high quality secondary source, since much of her sources were Department archives of official documents and reports, in addition to professional journal articles, as well as books and articles back to the early 20th century. Phelps and Shenk et al. have complete citations in this article's Bibliography.
    The Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas was "not designed or intended as an 'official' City of Seattle neighborhood map... [but] to define neighborhood district names and boundaries in a way that improves document indexing and retrieval." As such, some of its designations have no existence outside of the city's map and indexing system, such as Pike Market (Pike Place Market in actuality), Mann, Minor, and Mid Beacon Hill. In addition, the map's attempt to reduce the number of top-level districts has led to certain discrepancies from facts on the ground, such as Harrison/Denny-Blaine being included in the Central District and Madison Park being included in Capitol Hill.
  34. ^ Cline, Scott, City Archivist (n.d., ~2006; second edition). "Department of Community Development (1600)". "Seattle Municipal Archives Record Descriptions", A Guide To The Archives Of The City Of Seattle. http://www.ci.seattle.wa.us/leg/clerk/guide/1600.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
  35. ^ The Seattle Post-Intelligencer's "Neighborhood Profiles" are not available online. The concept has been revisited 1996-2000 as the "Neighbors" project, currently updated as the "Webtowns" section.
  36. ^ ""Ballard", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .Jpg [sic] c. 2002-06-17. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/nmaps/html/NN-1170S.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
    Maps "NN-1120S", "NN-1130S", "NN-1140S".Jpg [sic] dated 13 June.
  37. ^ ""Lake City", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .jpg 2002-06-17. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/nmaps/html/NN-1040S.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
  38. ^ ""Northgate", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. n.d., map .jpg 2002-06-17. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/nmaps/html/NN-1030S.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
    Subsequent districts have so far not been given explicit citations, except as noted. Each district is linked after it is named, data is per the URL map of the Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas.
  39. ^ (1) University of Washington Computing and Communications, Facilities Services (modified 18 May 2005)
    (2) UW Publication Services & UW Facility Services (revised July 1996)
    (3) University of Washington Publication Services (revised September 1991), from August 1971, revised Sherman (August 1991).
  40. ^ (1) Merritt & Goldsmith
    (2) Judkins Foundation
  41. ^ "Pike Place Market" can refer to just the Main Arcade (1907), the original Main Market. The Pike Market neighborhood of historic buildings (17 acres) is nearly twice the area of the Pike Place Market Historic District (9 acres).
    (1) Lange (2006, Essay 1949)
    (2) Crowley (29 July 1999, Essay 102)
  42. ^ ""Downtown", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. Office of the Seattle City Clerk. n.d., map .jpg c. 13-17 June 2002. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/nmaps/html/NN-1240S.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
    Maps "NN-1030S", "NN-1040S".jpg 17 June 2002, maps "NN-1120S", "NN-1130S", "NN-1140S".Jpg [sic] 13 June.
  43. ^ a b ""Rainier Valley", map". Seattle City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas. Office of the Seattle City Clerk. n.d., map .jpg c. 13-17 June 2002. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/nmaps/html/NN-1300S.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
    Maps "NN-1030S", "NN-1040S".jpg 17 June 2002, maps "NN-1120S", "NN-1130S", "NN-1140S".Jpg [sic] 13 June.
  44. ^ (1) The State Legislature incorporated the town of Seattle in January 1865 and December 1869; disincorporated January 1867 after petition. The initial incorporation was with a board of trustees. The corporate-style board began with a tax (resented, and possibly leading to the petition for dissolution), followed by an ordinance "Concerning Swine" that began police regulation, followed by "Prevention of Drunkenness and Disorderly Conduct". The trustees later passed an ordinance calling for the removal of Indians and providing for the punishment of those who might harbor them. Another aimed at preventing "Reckless and Fast Driving Through the Streets" (before cars). The second incorporation was with a mayor and town council.
    (1.1) Lange & Tate
  45. ^ a b Phelps
  46. ^ 1940, 1954, Phelps
  47. ^ 1952, 1954, Phelps
  48. ^ 1883 and 1891, Phelps
  49. ^ 1891 and 1954, Phelps
  50. ^ E of 15th, N of E Galer, N of E Lynn, 1891, Phelps
  51. ^ See neighborhoods of Northgate; Phelps.
  52. ^ 1950 and 1954, Phelps
  53. ^ 1869, 1883, and 1891, Phelps
  54. ^ a b c Cline, Scott, City Archivist (n.d., ~2006; second edition). ""Annexed Cities (9100)"". "Seattle Municipal Archives Record Descriptions", A Guide To The Archives Of The City Of Seattle. Office of the Seattle City Clerk. http://www.ci.seattle.wa.us/leg/clerk/guide/9100.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
  55. ^ 1953, Phelps
  56. ^ 1907, Phelps
  57. ^ Dates in preceding list except as noted are per Phelps.
  58. ^ (1) Rainier Valley neighborhoods south of Hanford Street to Rainier Beach at Kenyon Street, generally east of 24th Avenue S.
    (1.1) Phelps, pp. 216–218, 222–224
  59. ^ Phelps, pp. 216-218, 222-224
  60. ^ Wilma (5 December 2002, Essay 4031)
  61. ^ No sources have been provided for this section. accessdate may be 8 February 2005.
  62. ^ Phelps, pp. 216-224
  63. ^ Angela Galloway (December 12, 2006). "City Council to pursue annexing North Highline". Hearst Seattle Media, LLC. http://www.seattlepi.com/local/295597_city12.html. 

[edit] Bibliography

Includes sources used for Seattle neighborhoods lists.

[edit] Further reading

  • Detailed city map, Seattle City Clerk's Office Neighborhood Map Atlas. Detailed city map, otherwise not titled.
    Click on a number or name for the more detailed north, central, or south city map or a map of a selected neighborhood.
  • ""Seattle City Clerk Thesaurus"". Last update: 19 April 2004. http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/newtoc.htm. Retrieved 2006-04-21. 
    Provides a language for indexing and retrieving legislation and other records in the City Clerk's Office. For more details on how to use the thesaurus, read the Introduction.
v • d • e
Seattle neighborhoods

Ballard · Beacon Hill · Belltown · Bitter Lake · Blue Ridge · Broadmoor · Broadview · Bryant · Capitol Hill · Cascade · Central District · Central Waterfront · Cherry Hill · Crown Hill · Denny Regrade · Denny-Blaine · Downtown · Eastlake · First Hill · Fremont · Georgetown · Green Lake · Greenwood · Harbor Island · Industrial District · Interbay · International District · Judkins · Lake City (Cedar Park, Matthews Beach, Meadowbrook, Olympic Hills, Victory Heights) · Laurelhurst · Leschi · Lower Queen Anne · Madison Park · Madison Valley · Madrona · Magnolia · Montlake · Mount Baker · New Holly · Northgate (Haller Lake, Licton Springs, Maple Leaf, Pinehurst) · Phinney Ridge · Pioneer Square · Queen Anne · Rainier Beach · Rainier Valley (Brighton, Columbia City, Dunlap) · Rainier View · Ravenna · Roosevelt · Sand Point · Seward Park · Sodo · South Lake Union · South Park · Squire Park · University District · University Village · View Ridge · Wallingford (Meridian, Northlake) · Washington Park · Wedgwood · Westlake · West Seattle · Windermere
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