Second lieutenant

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Common anglophone military ranks
Navies Armies Air forces
Officers
Admiral of the fleet Marshal /
field marshal		 Marshal of
the Air Force
Admiral General Air marshal
Commodore Brigadier Air commodore
Captain Colonel Group captain
Commander Lieutenant colonel Wing commander
Lieutenant
commander		 Major /
commandant		 Squadron
leader
Lieutenant Captain Flight lieutenant
Sub-lieutenant Lieutenant Flying officer
Ensign 2nd lieutenant Pilot officer
Midshipman Officer cadet Officer cadet
Seamen, soldiers and airmen
Warrant officer Sergeant major /
Warrant officer		 Warrant officer
Petty officer Sergeant Sergeant
Leading seaman Corporal Corporal
Seaman Private Aircraftman
Seaman recruit Army recruit
See also: Lieutenant
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Second lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces.

Contents

Israel [edit]

In the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), since 1951, (סגן-משנה (סג"מ Segen mishne (Sagam) is equivalent to a Second Lieutenant (NATO OF-1). From 1948 - 1951 the corresponding rank was that of a (סגן) Segen, which today (since 1951) is a Lieutenant. Segen mishne means "Junior Lieutenant" and Segen literally translates as "Assistant". Typically it is the rank of a Platoon commander. The rank above Second Lieutenant is simply Lieutenant. Note that the IDF uses this rank across all three of its services.

United Kingdom and Commonwealth [edit]

The rank second lieutenant (abbr: 2LT; coll: "one-pip") was introduced throughout the British Army in 1871 to replace the rank of ensign (cornet in the cavalry), although it had long been used in the Royal Artillery, Royal Engineers, Fusilier and Rifle regiments. At first the rank bore no distinct insignia. In 1902 a single Bath star (now commonly referred to as a pip) was introduced; the ranks of lieutenant and captain had their number of stars increased by one to (respectively) two and three. The rank is also used by the Royal Marines.

New British Army officers are normally commissioned as second lieutenants at the end of their commissioning course at RMA Sandhurst, and continue with specific training with their units, often with mentoring from senior NCOs. Progression to lieutenant rank usually occurs after about a year.

In the Royal Air Force the comparable rank is pilot officer. The Royal Navy has no exact equivalent rank, and a second lieutenant is senior to a Royal Navy midshipman but junior to a sub-lieutenant. The Royal New Zealand Navy – breaking with Royal Navy tradition – uses the ensign grade for this rank equivalent. The Royal Australian Navy also breaks tradition in the sense that it has the equivalent rank of Ensign, but it is titled "acting sub lieutenant."

The Canadian Forces adopted the rank with insignia of a single gold ring around the service dress uniform cuff for both army and air personnel upon unification in 1968. For a time, naval personnel used this rank but reverted to the Royal Canadian Navy rank of acting sub-lieutenant, though the CF green uniform was retained until the mid-1980s.

United States [edit]

In the United States, Second Lieutenant is the normal entry-level rank for most commissioned officers.

In the Army and Marine Corps, a second lieutenant typically commands a platoon-size element (16 to 44 soldiers or Marines). In the Army, until December 1917 the rank bore no insignia other than a brown sleeve braid on blouses and an officer's cap device and hat cord. In December 1917, a gold bar similar to the silver bar of a first lieutenant was introduced.

In the Air Force, depending upon the career field, a second lieutenant may supervise flights (of varying sizes) as a flight commander or assistant flight commander, or may work in a variety of administrative positions at the squadron, group, or wing level.

The corresponding Navy and Coast Guard rank is ensign.

Norway [edit]

The equivalent rank in Norway (O-1) is "fenrik", but the function of the rank differs drastically from other armies. Although it is an officer rank, it strongly resembles an NCO-rank in practice. The ranking system in Norway is quite different, while they do not have a professional army, Fenriks are usually former experienced sergeants but to become a sergeant one has to go through officer's training and education. Though they still fill such roles as squad leaders and platoon sergeants while at the rank Fenrik, in some cases Fenriks are Executive Officers (XOs). Most Fenriks have finished the War Academy as well, and are fully trained officers. This is due to the lack of an NCO-corps in the Norwegian army.

Pakistan [edit]

Pakistan Army follows British pattern of ranks. A 2nd Lieutenant is represented by one metal pip on each shoulder in case of "Khaki Uniform" and one four quadric[clarification needed] printed star on the chest in case of Camouflage Combat Dress (CCD). However a 2nd lieutenant in Pakistan Army last for only 6 months after commission from PMA Kakul and promoted to a Lieutenant.

Insignia [edit]

The following are a selection of second lieutenant rank insignia, attempting to illustrate the range of variation (and similarity) between the insignia. Note that although many air forces use the rank of second lieutenant, in most Commonwealth air forces the equivalent rank of pilot officer is used. Very few navies use the rank "second lieutenant".

Army Australian-Army-2LT.gif Rank insignia of Лейтенант of the Bulgarian Army.png CDN-Army-2Lt.svg Rank insignia of løjtnant of the Royal Danish Army.svg Army-FRA-OF-01b.svg 211-Leutnant.png Army-GRE-OF-01b.svg IE-Army-OF1b.png IDF segen mishne.svg Rank insignia of sottotenete of the Army of Italy (1973).svg Mexican Military Subteniente.gif Army-NOR-OF-01b.svg Army-POL-OF-01b.svg RO-Army-OF1b.png Russia-army-leytenant.gif Slovenska vojska cast poroc.jpg UK Army OF1a-2.png Army-USA-OF-01b.svg
Australia Bulgaria Canada Denmark France Germany Greece Ireland Israel Italy Mexico Norway Poland Romania Russia Slovenia UK US
Air
Force		 pilot
officer		 Rank insignia of Лейтенант of the Bulgarian Air forces.png CDN-Air Force-2Lt.svg RDAF 2nd Lt.svg French Air Force-sous-lieutenant.svg Luftwaffe-211-Leutnant.png Hellenic Air Force OF-1B.svg IE-Aircorps-OF1.png IAF segen mishne.svg IT-Airforce-OF1.png Subteniente FAM.gif FenrikOF1.png Rank insignia of podporucznik of the Air Force of Poland.svg RO-Airforce-OF-1s.PNG RFAF - Lieutenant - Every day blue.png UK-Air-OF1B.svg US Air Force O1 shoulderboard.svg
Australia Bulgaria Canada Denmark France Germany Greece Ireland Israel Italy Mexico Norway Poland Romania Russia Slovenia UK US
Navy acting
sub-
lieutenant		 acting
sub-
lieutenant		 Løjtnant Enseigne
de
vaisseau
de 2e
classe		 Leutnant
zur
See		 Simaioforos IDF Navy segen mishne.svg guardia-
marina		 Teniente
de
Corbeta		 Generic-Navy-O1.svg POL PMW pagon1 podporucznik marynarki.svg RO-Navy-OF-1s.png RFNAVYSH-LTN.png no
equiv.
rank		 ensign

Other countries [edit]

See also [edit]

References [edit]

Commissioned officer ranks of the British Armed Forces
NATO rank code Student Officer OF-1 OF-2 OF-3 OF-4 OF-5 OF-6
*		 OF-7
**		 OF-8
***		 OF-9
****		 OF-10
*****
Royal Navy O Cdt Mid SLt Lt Lt Cdr Cdr Capt Cdre RAdm
(list)		 VAdm
(list)		 Adm
(list)		 Adm of the Fleet
Royal Marines 2Lt Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Maj-Gen Lt-Gen Gen
(list)
Army O Cdt 2Lt Lt Capt Maj Lt Col Col Brig Maj-Gen Lt-Gen Gen
(list)		 FM
(list)
Royal Air Force OC / SO APO / Plt Off Fg Off Flt Lt Sqn Ldr Wg Cdr Gp Capt Air Cdre AVM Air Mshl Air Chf Mshl
(list)		 MRAF
United States warrant officer ranks
W-1 W-2 W-3 W-4 W-5
Air Force WO1[1] CWO2[1] CWO3[1] CWO4[1] CWO5[1]
Army WO1 CW2 CW3 CW4 CW5
Marine Corps WO1 CWO2 CWO3 CWO4 CWO5
Navy WO1[1] CWO2 CWO3 CWO4 CWO5
Coast Guard WO1[1] CWO2 CWO3 CWO4 [2]
Public Health Service [2] [2] [2] [2] [3]
National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration		 [3] [3] [3] [3] [3]
[1] Grade inactive
[2] Grade is authorized for use by U.S. Code but has not been created
[3] Grade never created or authorized
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