Sema
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Sema (Arabic, then Persian: سَمَاع, samā‘un) is a term stemming from the root-verb meaning etymologically acceptance by tradition, from which derive the words سَمْع (sam‘un) and اِسْتِمَاع (’istimā‘un, listening), often paired with نَقْل (naqlun) and تَقْلِيد (taqlīdun, tradition).[1] It may have been in use since the 10th century to refer to a type of dhikr (remembrance of God), a spiritual concert, a musical ceremony used by various Sufi orders, particularly the Chisti order of the South Asia. It often involves prayer, song, dance, and other ritualistic activities.[2]
Sema dancing sometimes resembles the dance of the Whirling Dervishes (see Sufi whirling), although many forms of sema do not include whirling.
[edit] See also
- Qawwali - A form of sema in South Asia
- Hadhra - Arab Sufi dhikr.
[edit] Notes
- ^ Arabic: قاموس المنجد — Moungued Dictionary (paper); Farsi: Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb — Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary 2 (paper), by Johnny Cheung, Brill Academic).
- ^ Avery, Kenneth S. (2004-09-24). A Psychology of Early Sufi Samāʻ: Listening and Altered States. RoutledgeCurzon. pp. 3-4. ISBN 0415311063. http://books.google.com/books?id=HBcsCkzEE58C&pg=PA3&dq=sama&source=gbs_search_s&cad=0. Retrieved on 2009-03-27.
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