Senj
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| Senj | |
|---|---|
| — Municipality — | |
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  Senj
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| Coordinates: 44°57′N 14°54′E / 44.95°N 14.9°E | |
| Country | Croatia |
| County | Lika-Senj |
| Government | |
| - Mayor | Zlatko Modrić (HDZ) |
| Area | |
| - Total | 658 km2 (254.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population (2001)[1] | |
| - Total | 8,132 |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) |
| - Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) |
| Postal code | 53 270 |
| Area code(s) | 053 |
| Website | senj.hr |
Senj (Latin: Senia or Segnia, Greek: Attienities (Αθυινιτες), German and Hungarian: Zengg, Italian: Segna) is a town in the Lika-Senj County of Croatia, population 8,132 (2001). It is located on the Adriatic coast below the Vratnik mountain pass which separates the Velebit mountain from the mountains of Gorski kotar. Due to its geographic position, the strong northeastern wind bura is a very common occurrence in Senj.
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[edit] History
Senj has been inhabited since the prehistoric times. A settlement called Attienities in today's Senj was mentioned in Greek documents dated 4th century BC. The Romans used Senia as a stronghold against the Illyrians in the 2nd century BC, and it was a thriving town in their province of Dalmatia. The Avars and the Croats settled Senj in the 7th century (AD).
The Senj Catholic diocese was established in 1169. Croatian-Hungarian king Bela III gave the town to the Templars in 1184, and in 1271 it became the property of the counts of Krk, the Frankopans.
In 1248 the bishop of Senj was allowed by the Pope Innocent IV to use the Glagolitic alphabet and the vernacular language in liturgy. A Glagolitic printing press was set up in 1494, and produced the incunabula "The Glagolic Missal" and "Spovid općena".
The military captaincy of Senj was established in 1469 in order to defend from the invading Ottoman and Venetian armies, and the town sheltered thousands of refugees from the nearby occupied areas. The fortress Nehaj was completed on the hill Nehaj in 1558 that in that time was beside the town. This hill is today in the towns borders. The wars with the Ottomans lasted well into the 17th century. In that time in Senj lived uskoci, that where a tribe that dwelled in the fortress Nehaj. For the wars with the Ottomans they were important because they were small units of men rowing swift boats, and so they proved to be very efficient guerrilla forces.
The 18th century brought some prosperity, especially with the construction of the Josephina (named after Emperor Joseph II) linking the Adriatic coast via Senj to Karlovac. The railway line built in 1873 between Fiume (Rijeka) and Karlovac didn't go past Senj and this deterred its further development.
[edit] Economy
Modern Senj is a seaside tourist town. Primary occupations are fishing, boating, and tourism.
[edit] The municipality of Senj
There are 27 settlements in the municipality and they include: Alan, Biljevine, Bunica, Crni Kal, Jablanac, Klada, Krasno, Krivi Put, Lukovo, Melnice, Mrzli Dol, Pijavica, Podbilo, Prizna, Senj, Senjska Draga, Starigrad, Stinica, Stolac, Sveta Jelena, Sveti Juraj, Velike Brisnice, Veljun Primorski, Volarice, Vrataruša, Vratnik i Vrzići.
[edit] Population
Administrative unit city of Senj has 8,132 inhabitants.
Population by nationality:
[edit] Notable people
- Eugen Kvaternik
- Ivan Paskvić
- Vjenceslav Novak
- Silvije Strahimir Kranjčević
- Milutin Cihlar Nehajev
- Pavao Ritter Vitezović
- Mirko Ožegović Barlabaševački
- Nikola Jurišić
- Milan Moguš
- Ivan Đalma Marković
- Ante Glavičić
- Sandra Šarić
- Vladimir Ćopić
[edit] Twin cities
Kőszeg, Hungary
Vratimov, Czech Republic
Wieluń, Poland
Sorbiers, France
Senec, Slovakia
Parndorf, Austria
Vrbovec, Croatia
[edit] Pictures
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The view on Senj's harbor |
 The fortress Nehaj on the hill Nehaj is the most famous monument and symbol of the town of Senj |
 The statue Three seamen |
 The Sundial in the town of Senj that lies on the 45th parallel shows that Senj lies exactly in the middle between the equator and the north pole |
[edit] References
- ^ "Population contingents, by towns/municipalities, census 2001". Croatian Bureau of Statistics. http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/Census2001/Popis/E01_01_02/e01_01_02_zup09.html. Retrieved 2008-12-29.
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Senj |
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