September 4

September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 118 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 476 – Romulus Augustulus, last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, is deposed when Odoacer proclaims himself "King of Italy", thus ending the Western Roman Empire.
• 626 – Li Shimin, posthumously known as Emperor Taizong of Tang, assumes the throne over the Tang Dynasty of China.
• 1260 – The Sienese Ghibellines, supported by the forces of King Manfred of Sicily, defeat the Florentine Guelphs at Montaperti.
• 1479 – The Treaty of Alcáçovas is signed by the Catholic Monarchs of Castile and Aragon on one side and Afonso V and his son, Prince John of Portugal.
• 1666 – In London, England, the most destructive damage from the Great Fire occurs.
• 1774 – New Caledonia is first sighted by Europeans, during the second voyage of Captain James Cook.
• 1781 – Los Angeles, California, is founded as El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora La Reina de los Ángeles de Porciúncula (The Village of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels of Porziuncola) by 44 Spanish settlers.
• 1797 – Coup of 18 Fructidor in France.
• 1800 – The French garrison in Valletta surrenders to British troops who had been called at the invitation of the Maltese. The islands of Malta and Gozo become the Malta Protectorate.
• 1812 – War of 1812: The Siege of Fort Harrison begins when the fort is set on fire.
• 1862 – Civil War Maryland Campaign: General Robert E. Lee takes the Army of Northern Virginia, and the war, into the North.
• 1870 – Emperor Napoleon III of France is deposed and the Third Republic is declared.
• 1884 – The United Kingdom ends its policy of penal transportation to New South Wales in Australia.^{[citation needed]}
• 1886 – American Indian Wars: after almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
• 1888 – George Eastman registers the trademark Kodak and receives a patent for his camera that uses roll film.
• 1912 – Albanian rebels succeed in their revolt when the Ottoman Empire agrees to fulfill their demands
• 1919 – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who founded the Republic of Turkey, gathers a congress in Sivas to make decisions as to the future of Anatolia and Thrace.
• 1923 – Maiden flight of the first U.S. airship, the USS Shenandoah.
• 1939 – World War II: a Bristol Blenheim is the first British aircraft to cross the German coast following the declaration of war and German ships are bombed.
• 1941 – World War II: a German submarine makes the first attack against a United States ship, the USS Greer.
• 1944 – World War II: the British 11th Armoured Division liberates the Belgian city of Antwerp.
• 1944 – World War II: Finland exits from the war with Soviet Union.
• 1948 – Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands abdicates for health reasons.
• 1949 – The Peekskill Riots erupt after a Paul Robeson concert in Peekskill, New York.
• 1950 – Darlington Raceway is the site of the inaugural Southern 500, the first 500-mile NASCAR race.
• 1951 – The first live transcontinental television broadcast takes place in San Francisco, California, from the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference.
• 1957 – American Civil Rights Movement: Little Rock Crisis – Orval Faubus, governor of Arkansas, calls out the National Guard to prevent African American students from enrolling in Central High School.
• 1957 – The Ford Motor Company introduces the Edsel.
• 1963 – Swissair Flight 306 crashes near Dürrenäsch, Switzerland, killing all 80 people on board.
• 1964 – Scotland's Forth Road Bridge near Edinburgh officially opens.
• 1967 – Vietnam War: Operation Swift begins: U.S. Marines engage the North Vietnamese in battle in the Que Son Valley.
• 1971 – Alaska Airlines Flight 1866 crashes near Juneau, Alaska, killing all 111 people on board.
• 1972 – Mark Spitz becomes the first competitor to win seven medals at a single Olympic Games.
• 1975 – The Sinai Interim Agreement relating to the Arab-Israeli conflict is signed.
• 1977 – The Golden Dragon Massacre took place in San Francisco, California.
• 1985 – The discovery of Buckminsterfullerene, the first fullerene molecule of carbon.
• 1989 – In Leipzig, East Germany, the first of weekly demonstration for the legalisation of opposition groups and democratic reforms takes place.
• 1996 – War on Drugs: Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) attack a military base in Guaviare, starting three weeks of guerrilla warfare in which at least 130 Colombians are killed.
• 1998 – Google is founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin, two students at Stanford University.
• 2001 – Tokyo DisneySea opens to the public as part of the Tokyo Disney Resort in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan.
• 2007 – Three terrorists suspected to be a part of Al-Qaeda are arrested in Germany after allegedly planning attacks on both the Frankfurt International airport and US military installations.
• 2010 – Canterbury earthquake: a 7.1 magnitude earthquake which struck the South Island of New Zealand at 4:35 am causing widespread damage and several power outages.
• 2012 – The Democratic National Convention is held in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Births

• 1241 – Alexander III of Scotland (d. 1286)
• 1383 – Antipope Felix V (d. 1451)
• 1454 – Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English politician (d. 1483)
• 1557 – Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (d. 1631)
• 1563 – Wanli Emperor of China (d. 1620)
• 1596 – Constantijn Huygens, Dutch poet and composer (d. 1687)
• 1681 – Carl Heinrich Biber, violinist and composer (d. 1749)
• 1717 – Job Orton, English minister (d. 1783)
• 1755 – Axel von Fersen the Younger, Swedish army officer, diplomat, and statesman (d. 1810)
• 1761 – F.L.Æ. Kunzen, German composer and conductor (d. 1817)
• 1768 – François-René de Chateaubriand, French writer, historian, and diplomat (d. 1848)
• 1798 – Raynold Kaufgetz, Swiss soldier, politician, and economist (d. 1869)
• 1803 – Sarah Childress Polk, American wife of James K. Polk, 12th First Lady of the United States (d. 1891)
• 1809 – Juliusz Słowacki, Polish poet (d. 1849)
• 1824 – Anton Bruckner, Austrian composer (d. 1896)
• 1825 – Dadabhai Naoroji, Indian politician (d. 1917)
• 1826 – Martin Wiberg, Swedish philosopher and inventor (d. 1905)
• 1832 – Antonio Agliardi, Italian diplomat (d. 1915)
• 1846 – Daniel Burnham, American architect, designed the World's Columbian Exposition (d. 1912)
• 1848 – Jennie Lee, American actress (d. 1925)
• 1850 – Luigi Cadorna, Italian field marshal (d. 1928)
• 1851 – John Dillon, Irish politician (d. 1927)
• 1885 – Antonio Bacci, Italian cardinal (d. 1971)
• 1885 – Dimitrios Loundras, Greek gymnast (d. 1971)
• 1886 – Albert Orsborn, English 6th General of the Salvation Army (d. 1967)
• 1887 – Roy William Neill, Irish director (d. 1946)
• 1890 – Gunnar Sommerfeldt, Danish actor and director (d. 1947)
• 1890 – Naima Wifstrand, Swedish actor, singer, director, and composer (d. 1968)
• 1891 – Fritz Todt, German engineer and nazi official (d. 1942)
• 1892 – Darius Milhaud, French composer (d. 1974)
• 1896 – Antonin Artaud, French playwright (d. 1948)
• 1896 – Aspasia Manos, Greek wife of Alexander of Greece (d. 1972)
• 1901 – William Lyons, English industrialist and businessman, co-founded Jaguar cars (d. 1985)
• 1902 – Thomas Mitchell, English cricketer (d. 1996)
• 1905 – Mary Renault, English novelist (d. 1983)
• 1905 – Walter Zapp, Baltic German inventor (d. 2003)
• 1906 – Max Delbrück, German biologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1981)
• 1907 – Reggie Nalder, Austrian actor, (d. 1991)
• 1908 – Edward Dmytryk, American director (d. 1999)
• 1908 – Richard Wright, American author and poet (d. 1960)
• 1909 – Eduard Wirths, German SS physician (d. 1945)
• 1910 – Denis Tomlinson, South African cricketer (d. 1993)
• 1912 – Syd Hoff, American cartoonist and author (d. 2004)
• 1913 – Mickey Cohen, American mobster (d. 1976)
• 1913 – Victor Kiernan, English historian (d. 2009)
• 1913 – Stanford Moore, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1982)
• 1913 – Kenzo Tange, Japanese architect (d. 2005)
• 1914 – Rudolf Leiding, German businessman (d. 2003)
• 1917 – Henry Ford II, American businessman (d. 1987)
• 1918 – Paul Harvey, American radio host (d. 2009)
• 1918 – Gerald Wilson, American trumpet player, composer, and arranger
• 1919 – Howard Morris, American actor and director (d. 2005)
• 1920 – Clemar Bucci, Argentine race car driver (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Per Olof Sundman, Swedish writer and politician (d. 1992)
• 1923 – Ram Kishore Shukla, Indian politician (d. 2003)
• 1924 – Joan Aiken, English author (d. 2004)
• 1925 – Forrest Carter, American author (d. 1979)
• 1926 – Ivan Illich, Austrian philosopher (d. 2002)
• 1926 – Bert Olmstead, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1927 – John McCarthy, American computer scientist (d. 2011)
• 1927 – Ferenc Sánta, Hungarian author and screenwriter (d. 2008)
• 1928 – Dick York, American actor (d. 1992)
• 1929 – Thomas Eagleton, American politician (d. 2007)
• 1930 – Don Ackerman, American basketball player (d. 2011)
• 1930 – William Maxson, American general (d. 2013)
• 1931 – Jack Boucher, American photographer (d. 2012)
• 1931 – Mitzi Gaynor, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1931 – Antonios Trakatellis, Greek politician
• 1932 – Carlos Romero Barceló, Puerto Rican politician, 5th Governor of Puerto Rico
• 1932 – Dinsdale Landen, English actor (d. 2003)
• 1934 – Clive Granger, Welsh economist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1934 – Eduard Khil, Russian singer (d. 2012)
• 1934 – Antoine Redin, French footballer and manager (d. 2012)
• 1935 – Dallas Willard, American philosopher (d. 2013)
• 1936 – Wayne Cody, American sportscaster (d. 2002)
• 1937 – Dawn Fraser, Australian swimmer
• 1937 – Gene Ludwig, American organist (d. 2010)
• 1937 – Mikk Mikiver, Estonian actor and director (d. 2006)
• 1939 – Denis Lindsay, South African cricketer (d. 2005)
• 1941 – Marilena Chaui, Brazilian philosopher
• 1941 – Sushilkumar Shinde, Indian politician
• 1941 – Ramesh Sethi, Kenyan cricketer
• 1941 – Joanna Van Gyseghem, English actress
• 1942 – Raymond Floyd, American golfer
• 1942 – Jerry Jarrett, American wrestler and promoter
• 1942 – Merald "Bubba" Knight, American singer-songwriter and producer (Gladys Knight & The Pips)
• 1944 – Vladimír Guma Kulhánek, Czech bass player (Energit and Etc...)
• 1944 – Jennifer Salt, American actress
• 1944 – Ron Ward, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1945 – Danny Gatton, American guitarist (d. 1994)
• 1946 – Gary Duncan, American guitarist (The Brogues and Quicksilver Messenger Service)
• 1946 – Dave Liebman, American saxophonist, bandleader, and composer
• 1946 – Bryan Mauricette, Canadian cricketer
• 1949 – Darryl Cotton, Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (Zoot and Cotton Keays & Morris) (d. 2012)
• 1949 – Dean Pees, American football player
• 1949 – Tom Watson, American golfer
• 1950 – Ehteshamuddin, Pakistani cricketer
• 1950 – Doyle Alexander, American baseball player
• 1951 – Martin Chambers, English drummer and singer (The Pretenders)
• 1951 – Judith Ivey, American actress
• 1951 – Marita Ulvskog, Swedish politician
• 1952 – Rishi Kapoor, Indian actor
• 1953 – Fatih Terim, Turkish footballer and coach
• 1955 – David Broza, Israeli singer-songwriter and guitarist
• 1955 – Garth Le Roux, former South African cricketer
• 1955 – Brian Schweitzer, American politician, 23rd Governor of Montana
• 1956 – Candy Loving, American model
• 1956 – Blackie Lawless, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (W.A.S.P., London, Sister, and New York Dolls)
• 1957 – Khandi Alexander, American actress
• 1957 – Patricia Tallman, American actress
• 1958 – George Hurley, American drummer (Minutemen, Firehose, The Reactionaries, and Unknown Instructors)
• 1958 – Marzio Innocenti, Italian rugby player and coach
• 1958 – Drew Pinsky, American radio and television host and author
• 1959 – Kevin Harrington, Australian actor
• 1959 – Armin Kogler, Austrian ski jumper
• 1960 – Damon Wayans, American actor and comedian
• 1961 – Nick Blinko, English singer-songwriter and guitarist (Rudimentary Peni)
• 1961 – Kevin Kennedy, English actor
• 1961 – Rizwan-uz-Zaman, Pakistani cricketer
• 1962 – Kiran More, Indian cricketer
• 1962 – Ulla Tørnæs, Danish politician
• 1962 – Shinya Yamanaka, Japanese physician, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1963 – Bobby Jarzombek, American drummer (Halford, Spastic Ink, Fates Warning, and Juggernaut)
• 1963 – John Vanbiesbrouck, American ice hockey player
• 1963 – Sam Yaffa, Finnish singer-songwriter and bass player
• 1964 – René Pape, German opera singer
• 1965 – Sergio Momesso, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 – Yanka Dyagileva, Russian singer-songwriter an poet (Grazhdanskaya Oborona) (d. 1991)
• 1966 – Jeff Tremaine, American director and producer
• 1967 – Darrin Murray, New Zealand cricketer
• 1968 – John DiMaggio, American voice actor
• 1968 – Phill Lewis, American actor
• 1968 – Eddy Merckx, Belgian billiards player
• 1968 – Mike Piazza, American baseball player
• 1969 – Sasha, Welsh DJ and producer (Sasha & John Digweed)
• 1969 – Ramon Dekkers, Dutch kick-boxer
• 1969 – Noah Taylor, English-Australian actor
• 1969 – Kristen Wilson, American actress
• 1970 – Dave Buchwald, American hacker
• 1970 – Igor Cavalera, Brazilian drummer (Sepultura and Cavalera Conspiracy)
• 1970 – Daisy Dee, Dutch singer and actress
• 1970 – Sven Meyer, German footballer
• 1971 – Lance Klusener, South African cricketer
• 1971 – Ione Skye, English actress
• 1971 – Maik Taylor, Irish footballer
• 1971 – Anita Yuen, Hong Kong actress
• 1972 – Françoise Yip, Canadian actress
• 1973 – Jason David Frank, American actor and mixed martial artist
• 1973 – Aaron Fultz, American baseball player
• 1974 – Naved Ashraf, Pakistani cricketer
• 1974 – Carmit Bachar, American singer, dancer, and actress (Pussycat Dolls)
• 1974 – Lincoln Roberts, Tobagonian cricketer
• 1975 – Kai Owen, Welsh actor
• 1975 – Mark Ronson, English DJ, musician and producer, co-founder of Allido Records
• 1975 – Dave Salmoni, Canadian zoologist, animal trainer, and producer
• 1975 – Yoani Sánchez, Cuban blogger
• 1976 – Katreeya English, English-Thai singer, actress, and model
• 1976 – Denilson Martins Nascimento, Brazilian footballer
• 1976 – Mario-Ernesto Rodríguez, Uruguayan-Italian footballer
• 1977 – Sun-Woo Kim, South Korean baseball player
• 1977 – Lucie Silvas, English singer-songwriter
• 1977 – Kia Stevens, American wrestler
• 1978 – Wes Bentley, American actor
• 1978 – Christian Walz, Swedish singer-songwriter and producer
• 1979 – Maxim Afinogenov, Russian ice hockey player
• 1979 – Pedro Camacho, Portuguese composer
• 1979 – Kristina Krepela, Croatian actress
• 1979 – Kosuke Matsuura, Japanese race car driver
• 1979 – MC Mong, South Korean rapper, producer, and actor
• 1980 – Pat Neshek, American baseball player
• 1980 – Hitomi Shimatani, Japanese singer
• 1981 – Richard Garcia, Australian footballer
• 1981 – Beyoncé Knowles, African-American singer-songwriter, producer, dancer, and actress (Destiny's Child)
• 1981 – Lacey Sturm, American singer-songwriter (Flyleaf)
• 1982 – Whitney Cummings, American comedian and actress
• 1983 – Joshua Gardner, American sex offender
• 1983 – Margit Rüütel, Estonian tennis player
• 1984 – Camila Bordonaba, Argentine singer-songwriter, producer, and actress (Erreway)
• 1984 – Hamish McIntosh, Australian footballer
• 1985 – Raúl Albiol, Spanish footballer
• 1985 – Walid Mesloub, Algerian footballer
• 1985 – Ri Kwang-Chon, North Korean footballer
• 1986 – Ayumi Kaihori, Japanese footballer
• 1986 – James Younghusband, Filipino footballer
• 1987 – Maryna Linchuk, Belarusian model
• 1988 – John Tyler Hammons, American politician
• 1990 – Stefanía Fernández, Venezuelan model, Miss Universe 2009
• 1990 – Jonny Lomax, English rugby player
• 1990 – Danny Worsnop, British singer (Asking Alexandria)
• 1991 – Carter Jenkins, American actor
• 1992 – Amanda Fein, American actress
• 1992 – Caitlin Fein, American actress
• 1993 – Chantal Škamlová, Slovak tennis player
• 1995 – Trevor Gagnon, American actor
• 1999 – Kali Majors, American actress

Deaths

• 422 – Pope Boniface I
• 799 – Musa al-Kadhim, Shia 7th of the Twelve Imams (b. 745)
• 1037 – Bermudo III of León (b. 1010)
• 1063 – Tughril, Turkish ruler (b. 990)
• 1199 – Joan of England, Queen of Sicily (b. 1165)
• 1537 – Johann Dietenberger, German theologian (b. 1475)
• 1588 – Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, English politician (b. 1532)
• 1767 – Charles Townshend, English politician (b. 1725)
• 1780 – John Fielding, English magistrate and reformer (b. 1721)
• 1784 – César-François Cassini de Thury, French astronomer (b. 1714)
• 1794 – John Hely-Hutchinson, Irish statesman (b. 1724)
• 1804 – Richard Somers, American naval officer
• 1820 – Timothy Brown, English banker, merchant and radical (b. 1743/4)
• 1821 – José Miguel Carrera, Chilean general and founding father (b. 1785)
• 1849 – Friedrich August Schulze, German novelist (b. 1770)
• 1852 – William MacGillivray, Scottish naturalist and ornithologist (b. 1796)
• 1864 – John Hunt Morgan, American military leader (b. 1825)
• 1907 – Edvard Grieg, Norwegian composer (b. 1843)
• 1909 – Clyde Fitch, American dramatist and playwright (b. 1865)
• 1940 – George William de Carteret, English author (b. 1869)
• 1944 – General Erich Fellgiebel, German army officer, participated in the 20 July plot (b. 1886)
• 1949 – Olof Ås, Swedish actor and stage manager (b. 1892)
• 1963 – Robert Schuman, French politician (b. 1886)
• 1965 – Albert Schweitzer, Alsatian physician and missionary, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1875)
• 1974 – Creighton Abrams, American general (b. 1914)
• 1974 – Marcel Achard, French playwright (b. 1899)
• 1974 – Lewi Pethrus, Swedish politician (b. 1884)
• 1977 – E. F. Schumacher, German economist and statistician (b. 1911)
• 1977 – Jean Rostand, French biologist (b. 1894)
• 1977 – Stelios Perpiniadis, Greek singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1899)
• 1979 – Canuplin, Filipino magician (b. 1904)
• 1986 – Otto Glória, Brazilian football coach (b. 1917)
• 1986 – Hank Greenberg, American baseball player (b. 1911)
• 1987 – Bill Bowes, English cricketer (b. 1908)
• 1989 – Georges Simenon, French author (b. 1903)
• 1989 – Ronald Syme, New Zealand historian (b. 1903)
• 1990 – Irene Dunne American actress (b. 1898)
• 1991 – Charlie Barnet, American saxophonist and bandleader (b. 1913)
• 1991 – Tom Tryon, American actor and novelist (b. 1926)
• 1991 – Dottie West, American singer-songwriter (b. 1932)
• 1993 – Hervé Villechaize, French actor (b. 1943)
• 1995 – Chuck Greenberg, American musician, composer, and producer (Shadowfax) (b. 1950)
• 1995 – William Kunstler, American lawyer and activist (b. 1919)
• 1997 – Aldo Rossi, Italian architect (b. 1931)
• 1998 – Elizabeth Kata, Australian author (b. 1912)
• 1999 – Georg Gawliczek, German footballer and manager (b. 1919)
• 2001 – Hank the Angry Drunken Dwarf, American radio personality (b. 1962)
• 2002 – Vlado Perlemuter, Lithuanian-French pianist (b. 1904)
• 2003 – Tibor Varga, Hungarian violinist and conductor (b. 1921)
• 2003 – Lola Bobesco, Belgian violinist (b. 1921)
• 2004 – Alphonso Ford, American basketball player (b. 1971)
• 2004 – Moe Norman, Canadian golfer (b. 1929)
• 2004 – James O. Page, American paramedic (b. 1936)
• 2006 – Giacinto Facchetti, Italian footballer (b. 1942)
• 2006 – Steve Irwin, Australian zoologist and television host (b. 1962)
• 2006 – Colin Thiele, Australian author and educator (b. 1920)
• 2006 – Astrid Varnay, Swedish-American soprano (b. 1918)
• 2007 – John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, Scottish politician (b. 1923)
• 2011 – Lee Roy Selmon, American football player (b. 1954)
• 2012 – Abraham Avigdorov, Israeli soldier, recipient of the Hero of Israel award (b. 1929)
• 2012 – André Delelis, French politician (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Albert Marre, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Charlie Rose, American politician (b. 1939)
• 2012 – Hamzah Abu Samah, Malaysian politician (b. 1924)
• 2012 – George Savitsky, American football player (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Milan Vukelić, Serbian footballer (b. 1936)

Holidays and observances

• Christian Feast Day:
  • Blessed Catherine of Racconigi
  • Moses and Aaron (Lutheran Church and Eastern Orthodox Church)
  • Rosalia
  • Rose of Viterbo
  • Ultan of Ardbraccan
  • September 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
  • Robert Wolfall, Presbyter (commemoration, Anglican Church of Canada)
• Immigrant's Day (Argentina)
• Newspaper Carrier Day (United States)
• The first day of the Ludi Romani until 19 September. (Roman Empire)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada

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