Shenkursk
| Shenkursk (English) Шенкурск (Russian) |
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.svg) Location of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia |
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 Shenkursk
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| Coordinates: 62°06′N 42°55′E / 62.1°N 42.917°ECoordinates: 62°06′N 42°55′E / 62.1°N 42.917°E | |
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| Administrative status (as of June 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Arkhangelsk Oblast |
| Administrative district | Shenkursky District[1] |
| Administrative center of | Shenkursky District[1] |
| Municipal status (as of July 2011) | |
| Municipal district | Shenkursky Municipal District[2] |
| Urban settlement | Shenkurskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Administrative center of | Shenkursky Municipal District, Shenkurskoye Urban Settlement[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census, preliminary) |
5,702 inhabitants[3] |
| Population (2002 Census) | 6,151 inhabitants[4] |
| Time zone | MSD (UTC+04:00)[5] |
| First mention | 1229[6] |
Shenkursk (Russian: Шенку́рск) is a town and the administrative center of Shenkursky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Vaga River. Municipally, it is incorporated as Shenkurskoye Urban Settlement of Shenkursky Municipal District. Population: 5,702 (2010 Census preliminary results);[3] 6,151 (2002 Census);[4] 7,424 (1989 Census).[7]
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[edit] History
Shenkursk was first mentioned in documents of Novgorod merchants in 1229. In 1315, it was bought by a Novgorod posadnik. Ivan the Terrible referred to this location as the town of Vaga and included it into his oprichnina. At that time, there was a timber fort and a residence of local bishops.
Tsar Feodor I made a grant of Shenkursk to his brother-in-law, Boris Godunov, who bequeathed it to his own son-in-law, Johan of Schleswig-Holstein. The Romanovs presented the area to Prince Dmitry Troubetskoy as his votchina. Upon his death, the town was returned to the crown. In 1640–1643, the Tsar ordered a new fortress to be built in Shenkursk. Catherine the Great chartered Shenkursk in 1780, and Shenkursk became the administrative center of the newly established Shenkursky Uyezd in Vologda Viceroyalty (from 1796, in Arkhangelsk Governorate).[6]
Shenkursk played a prominent role in the Russian Civil War. In the autumn of 1918, about six thousand British and American troops advanced south of Shenkursk. On January 19-25, the Bolshevik troops staged a counteroffensive, known as the Battle of Shenkursk. Three thousand troops, split into three armies, advancing from three sides, cut Shenkursk off, and moved the front area 90 kilometers (56 mi) north of Shenkursk.[8]
Shenkursky District remained in Arkhangelsk Governorate until 1929, when several governorates were merged into Northern Krai. In 1936, the krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast.
[edit] Economy
[edit] Industry
There is timber industry and food industry, including milk production.[9]
[edit] Transport
Shenkursk is located several kilometers east from one of the principal highways in Russia, M8 connecting Moscow and Arkhangelsk; however, it lies on the other bank of the Vaga, and is only connected with the highway by a ferry crossing. The roads on the right bank of the Vaga are of minor importance and unpaved.
The Vaga is navigable, but there is no passenger navigation.
[edit] Culture and recreation
The town contains twenty-one objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local importance.[10] Most of these are merchant houses built prior to 1917 and the remains of the former Holy Trinity Monastery.
Shenkursk hosts the Shenkursky District Museum.[11]
[edit] References
[edit] Notes
- ^ a b c Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 11 258 501 008», в ред. изменения №179/2011 от 1 февраля 2012 г. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 11 258 501 008, as amended by the Amendment #179/2011 of February 1, 2012. ).
- ^ a b c Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №258-внеоч.-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2004 г. «О статусе и границах территорий муниципальных образований в Архангельской области (текст в ред. от 15 февраля 2010 г.)», в ред. Областного закона №309-23-ОЗ от 7 июля 2011 г «О внесении изменений и дополнений в отдельные Областные законы в сфере организации и осуществления местного самоуправления». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №38, 8 октября 2004 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #258-vneoch.-OZ of September 23, 2004 On the Status and Borders of the Territories of the Municipal Formations in Arkhangelsk Oblast (text of rev. of February 15, 2010), as amended by the Oblast Law #309-23-OZ of July 7, 2011 On Amending and Supplementing Several Oblast Laws on the Subject of Organization and Implementation of the Local Self-Government. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ a b Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 524. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Шенкурская операция 1919. Great Soviet Encyclopedia. http://bse.sci-lib.com/article123665.html.
- ^ "Агропромышленный комплекс" (in Russian). Шенкурский муниципальный район. http://www.shenkursk-region.ru/index.php?id=48. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
- ^ "Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации" (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. http://kulturnoe-nasledie.ru/. Retrieved 6 June 2011.
- ^ "Шенкурский районный краеведческий музей" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. http://www.museum.ru/M945. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
[edit] Sources
- Архангельское областное Собрание депутатов. Областной закон №65-5-ОЗ от 23 сентября 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Архангельской области», в ред. Областного закона №150-12-ОЗ от 4 мая 2010 г «О внесении изменений и дополнений в отдельные областные законы». Вступил в силу через десять дней со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Волна", №43, 6 октября 2009 г. (Arkhangelsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Oblast Law #65-5-OZ of September 23, 2009 On the Administrative and Territorial Structure of Arkhangelsk Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #150-12-OZ of May 4, 2010 On Amending and Supplementing Certain Oblast Laws. Effective as of the day ten days after the official publication.).
[edit] External links
Media related to Shenkursk at Wikimedia Commons- "Официальный сайт администрации муниципального образования "Шенкурский муниципальный район" / Official website of the district administration" (in Russian). http://www.shenkursk-region.ru/index.php?id=28. Retrieved June 8, 2011.
- Unofficial website of Shenkursk (Russian)
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