Shooters Island
Shooters Island is a 43-acre (17 ha) uninhabited island at the southern end of Newark Bay, along the north shore of Staten Island.[1] The boundary between the states of New York and New Jersey runs through the island, with a small portion on the north end of the island belonging to the cities of Bayonne and Elizabeth in New Jersey and the rest being part of the borough of Staten Island in New York City.
Contents |
[edit] Early history
In colonial times Shooter’s Island was used as a hunting preserve. During the Revolutionary War, George Washington used the island as a drop-off point for messages, and the place became a haven for spies.[2]
[edit] Shipyard
From about 1900 until 1910 it was a major shipyard, the Townsend-Downey Shipbuilding Company. The entire island was occupied by buildings, foundry, pattern shop, offices etc. There were major docks and shipways that faced to the east. Contrary to a previous report, President Theodore Roosevelt did not go hunting on this industrial island.
The Townsend-Downey Company built a yacht, The Meteor III for Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany. It was launched at Shooters Island in February 1902 and was accompanied by many hundreds of spectators. Thomas Alva Edison sent a cameraman who made one of the first news movies in US history of the event. It is available online from the Smithsonian. Along with this event in 1902, President Theodore Roosevelt welcomed Prince Henry of Prussia to Shooters Island, as shown in footage in the Library of Congress.[3] Alice Roosevelt christened the boat and her father Teddy was there as well. The next day a reception was held at the White house for Mr. Downey and representatives of the German Government.
The following year saw the launching of one of the fastest and most famous sailing vessels in history,[citation needed] the three-masted schooner Atlantic. In 1905 it raced across the Atlantic and won the Kaiser's cup and set the record for the crossing under sail, which stood unbroken for almost 90 years. Another famous vessel built on Shooters Island was the Carnegie, named after Andrew Carnegie who was a friend of Mr. Downey. It was built for scientific research and constructed of wood with no iron or steel that would cause magnetic anomalies. All fastenings and metal parts were of bronze, which is not magnetic.
The island later came under the control of the Tidewater Oil Company[4]
[edit] Bird sanctuary
Unmaintained during much of the later 20th century, the island has been made an official bird sanctuary, partially to discourage the United States Army Corps of Engineers who wanted to blow up the island to ease navigation by vessels coming down from Port Newark. It has begun to disintegrate into Newark Bay. The island and decayed remnants of old piers are visible to users of the Bayonne Bridge between Staten Island and Bayonne, New Jersey. The remains of the once active shipyard are still present, but diminishing every year.
Shooters Island began to support nesting wading birds, cormorants and gulls in the early 1970s. At its peak in 1995, the island supported 400 nesting pairs of herons, egrets, ibis and 121 nesting pairs of double-crested cormorants. The island is now owned by the City of New York and is maintained by New York City Department of Parks and Recreation as a bird sanctuary.[5]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Berger, Joseph (December 4, 2003). "So, You Were Expecting a Pigeon?; In City Bustle, Herons, Egrets and Ibises Find a Sanctuary". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E01E2DC173DF937A35751C1A9659C8B63. Retrieved 2007-08-21. "The 43 acre Shooters Island is between Newark Bay and the Kill Van Kull in a channel favored by cargo ships and tankers. Yet as the city began filtering its sewage in the 1970's and taking other steps to clean its waterways, wading birds began cropping up on the island."
- ^ "Shooter's Island". New York City Department of Parks and Recreation. http://www.nycgovparks.org/sub_your_park/historical_signs/hs_historical_sign.php?id=12279. Retrieved 2008-07-29. "In colonial times Shooter’s Island was used as a hunting preserve. Its role changed during the Revolutionary War (1775-1783), as George Washington used the island as a drop-off point for messages, and the place became a haven for spies. Following the Revolutionary War, the island’s large oyster beds were harvested so frequently that they were soon exhausted from over harvesting. In the late 1800s the island saw human interest on a large scale."
- ^ [1]
- ^ "BIG SHIPYARD SHUTS DOWN; Unexpected Action Taken by Town- send-Downey Company. Notice Posted That Work Will Be Re- sumed Monday -- Standard Oil In- terests May Control". The New York Times. 1903-11-28. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60613FF345F1B738DDDA10A94D9415B838CF1D3&scp=15&sq=Tidewater%20Oil%20Company&st=cse.
- ^ Parsons, K. and B. Wright. 1995. Aquatic Birds of New York Harbor: 1995 Management Report. Unpublished report. New York City Audubon, New York, NY.
[edit] External links
- Shooters Island is at coordinates 40°38′36″N 74°09′35″W / 40.643396°N 74.159667°WCoordinates: 40°38′36″N 74°09′35″W / 40.643396°N 74.159667°W
- NYC Audubon Harbor Herons Project
- Harbor Herons Nesting Survey, recent reports on wading bird, cormorant, and gull nesting activity at and around Shooters Island
|
|||||||
