Silver perchlorate

Silver perchlorate
IUPAC name Silver perchlorate
Other names Perchloric acid, silver(1+) salt
Identifiers
CAS number	7783-93-9 N,  [14242-05-8] (hydrate)
PubChem	24562
ChemSpider	22968 Y
EC number	232-035-4
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
SMILES [Ag+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
InChI InChI=1S/Ag.ClHO4/c;2-1(3,4)5/h;(H,2,3,4,5)/q+1;/p-1 Y Key: YDHABVNRCBNRNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y InChI=1/Ag.ClHO4/c;2-1(3,4)5/h;(H,2,3,4,5)/q+1;/p-1 Key: YDHABVNRCBNRNZ-REWHXWOFAI
Properties
Molecular formula	AgClO4
Molar mass	207.319 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless hygroscopic crystals
Density	2.806 g/cm3
Melting point	486 °C (decomp.)
Solubility in water	5570 g/L
Hazards
R-phrases	R8 R34 R50
S-phrases	S15 S17 S26 S36/37/39 S45
NFPA 704	1 2 2 OX
Y (verify) (what is: Y/N?) Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Silver perchlorate is the chemical compound with the formula AgClO₄. This white solid forms a monohydrate and is mildly deliquescent. It is a useful source of the Ag⁺ ion, although the presence of perchlorate presents risks.

Solubility

Silver perchlorate is noteworthy for its solubility in aromatic solvents such as benzene (52.8 g/L) and toluene (1010 g/L). In these solvents, the silver cation binds to the arene, as has been demonstrated by extensive crystallographic studies on crystals obtained from such solutions. It is also amazingly soluble in water, up to 500 g per 100 ml of water.

Related reagents

Similar to silver nitrate, silver perchlorate is an effective reagent for replacing halides ligands with perchlorate, which is a weakly or non-coordinating anion. The use of silver perchlorate in chemical synthesis has declined due to concerns about explosiveness of perchlorate salts. Other silver reagents are silver tetrafluoroborate, and the related silver trifluoromethanesulfonate and silver hexafluorophosphate.