Simin Behbahani
Simin Beh'bahāni [1] (Persian: سیمین بهبهانی) (born July 20, 1927, Tehran, Iran) is one of the most prominent figures of the modern Persian literature and one of the most outstanding amongst the contemporary Persian poets. She is Iran's national poet and an icon of the Iranian intelligentsia and literati who affectionately refer to her as the lioness of Iran.[2] She has been nominated twice for the Nobel Prize in literature, and has "received many literary accolades around the world."[3]
Simin Behbahani, whose real name is Simin Khalili [4] (سيمين خليلي), is the daughter of Abbās Khalili (عباس خلیلی), poet, writer and Editor of the Eghdām (Action) newspaper,[5] and Fakhr-e Ozmā Arghun (فخرعظمی ارغون), poet and teacher of the French language.[6] Abbās Khalili (1893–1971) wrote poetry in both Persian and Arabic and translated some 1100 verses of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh into Arabic.[7] Fakhr-e Ozmā Arghun (1898–1966) was one of the progressive women of her time and a member of Kānun-e Nesvān-e Vatan'khāh (Association of Patriotic Women) between 1925 and 1929. In addition to her membership of Hezb-e Democrāt (Democratic Party) and Kānun-e Zanān (Women's Association), she was for a time (1932) Editor of the Āyandeh-ye Iran (Future of Iran) newspaper. She taught French at the secondary schools Nāmus, Dār ol-Mo'allemāt and No'bāvegān in Tehran.[8]
Simin Behbahani started writing poetry at twelve and published her first poem at the age of fourteen. She used the "Char Pareh" style of Nima Yooshij and subsequently turned to ghazal.
Behbahani contributed to a historic development by adding theatrical subjects and daily events and conversations to poetry using the ghazal style of poetry. She has expanded the range of the traditional Persian verse forms and has produced some of the most significant works of the Persian literature in 20th century.
She is President of The Iranian Writers' Association and was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1999 and 2002.
In early March 2010 she was refused permission to leave the country. As she was about to board a plane to Paris, police detained her and interrogated her "all night long". She was released but without her passport. Her English translator (Farzaneh Milani) expressed surprise at the arrest as detention as Behbahani is 82 and nearly blind. "We all thought that she was untouchable."[3]
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[edit] Awards and honors
- Human Rights Watch Hellman-Hammet Grant (1998)
- Carl von Ossietzky Medal (1999)
- Nomination for Nobel Prize (1997 & 2006)
- Norwegian Authors' Union Freedom of Expression Prize (2006)
- mtvU Poet Laureate (2009)[9]
[edit] Poetical Works
- The Broken Lute [Seh-tar-e Shekasteh, 1951]
- Footprint [Ja-ye Pa, 1954]
- Chandelier [Chelcheragh, 1955]
- Marble [Marmar, 1961]
- Resurrection [Rastakhiz, 1971]
- A Line of Speed and Fire [Khatti ze Sor'at va Atash, 1980]
- Arzhan Plain [Dasht-e Arzhan, 1983]
- Paper Dress [Kaghazin Jameh, 1992]
- A Window of freedom [Yek Daricheh Azadi, 1995]
- Collected Poems [Tehran 2003]
- Maybe It’s the Messiah [Shayad ke Masihast, Tehran 2003] Selected Poems, translated by Ismail Salami
- A Cup of Sin, Selected poems, translated by Farzaneh Milani and Kaveh Safa
[edit] Notes and references
- ^ Simin (سیمین) is the Persian word for Silvery, Lustrous or Fair, and Behbahani (بهبهانی), From Behbahan, refers to the people of Behbahan, a city in the Khuzestan Province of Iran.
- ^ Fatemeh Keshavarz, Banishing the Ghosts of Iran, The Chronicle Review of Higher Education, Vol. 53, No. 45, p. B6 (13 July 2007). [1]
- ^ a b Tehran Halts Travel By Poet Called 'Lioness Of Iran' by Mike Shuster, NPR, March 17, 2010
- ^ Behbahani is the last name of her first husband [2].
- ^ Abbās Khalili, Persian Wikipedia.
- ^ Fakhr-e Ozmā Arghun, Persian Wikipedia.
- ^ Abbās Khalili, ibid.
- ^ Fakhr-e Ozmā Arghun, ibid.
- ^ [3]
[edit] See also
- Iranian women
- List of famous Persian women
- Intellectual Movements in Iran
- Persian women's movement
- One Million Signatures
[edit] External links
- Biography of Simin Behbahani
- Simin Behbahani UCLA Lecture
- Simin Behbahani, the greatest Persian lyricist of the modern age
- An International Symposium on The Life and Poetry of Simin Behbahani
- A Poet Who 'Never Sold Her Pen or Soul'
- Simin Behbahani reads poetry at SOAS, University of London, 6 February 2005, YouTube, (Part 1), (Part 2).
- Sārā Ommat-e Ali, Simin Behbahani: I am alive, in Persian, Sarmāyeh [Capital] Newspaper (Ruz'nāmeh-ye Sarmāyeh). Reprinted in: Association of the Iranian Women (Kānun-e Zanān-e Irani), Wednesday 5 December 2007, [4].
- Shahāb Mirzāi, A Line Made From Swiftness and Fire (Khatti ze Sor'at va Ātash), in Persian, Jadid Online, 2008, [5].
A slide show of photographs with text spoken by Simin Behbahani, Jadid Online, 2008: [6] (3 min 56 sec).
