Sir Andrew Murray
| Sir Andrew Murray | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1298 |
| Died | 1338 |
| Residence | Avoch and Bothwell castles |
| Nationality | Scots |
| Known for | leading resistance campaign during Second War of Scottish Independence |
| Title | Guardian of Scotland, Lord of Petty and Bothwell |
| Spouse | Christina Bruce |
| Parents | Father: Andrew Moray |
| Relatives | Brother-in-law: Robert I of Scotland. |
Sir Andrew Murray (1298–1338), also known as Sir Andrew Moray or Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell, was a Scottish military leader who commanded resistance forces loyal to David II of Scotland against Edward Balliol and Edward III of England during the Second War of Scottish Independence. He was twice chosen as Guardian of Scotland, from 1332 to 1333, and again from 1335 until his death in 1338.
Murray was the son of Andrew Moray, William Wallace's companion-in-arms, who died at the Battle of Stirling Bridge shortly before Murray's birth. Murray acceded his father to the lordship of Bothwell in Lanarkshire. He was married to the Lady Christina Bruce, sister of Robert I of Scotland.
In 1335 he won an important victory against the supporters of Edward Balliol at the Battle of Culblean.
From 1335 to 1338, Murray led Scottish raids against the English strongholds in southern Scotland. Murray's resistance campaign systematically destroyed all English fortresses along the Scotland-England frontier. The success of the Scottish resistance coupled with the increasing build-up for the war between France and England forced Edward Balliol and Edward III to withdraw their armies from Scotland.
Murray died in 1338 at his Avoch Castle and was buried at Dunfermline Abbey.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Bower, Walter, Scotichronicon, ed. D. E. R. Watt, 1987-1993.
- Campbell, T., England, Scotland and the Hundred Years War, in Europe in the Late Middle Ages, ed. J. Hale et al, 1970.
- Douglas-Simpson, W., Campaign and Battle of Culblean, in Proceedings of the Society of Antiquarians in Scotland, vol 64 1929-30.
- Fordun, John of, Chronicles of the Scottish Nation, ed. W. F. Skene, 1872.
- Gray, Thomas, Scalicronica, ed H. Maxwell, 1913.
- The Lanercost Chronicle, ed. H. Maxwell, 1913.
- Hailes, Lord (david Dalrymple, The Annals of Scotland, 1776.
- Nicholson, R., Edward III and the Scots, 1965.
- Reid, R. C. Edward de Balliol, in Transactions of the Dumfriesshire and Galloway Antiquarian and Natural History Society, vol. 35 1956-7.
- Traquair, Peter Freedom's Sword 1998
- Webster, B., Scotland without a King, 1329-1341, in Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community., ed. A. Grant and K. J. Stringer 1993.
- Wyntoun, Andrew, The Original Chronicle of Scotland, ed. F. J. Amours, 1907.
