Six Codes

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Six Codes, (Chinese: 六法 (liufa) Japanese 六法 (roppō) Korean 六法 (yook-beob)), refers to the six main legal codes that make up the main body of law in Republic of China (Taiwan), Republic of Korea and Japan . Sometimes, the term is also used to describe the six major areas of law. Furthermore, it may refer to all or part of a collection of statutes.

 Republic of China : In Republic of China (Taiwan) the six codes are:[1]

  1. the Constitution of the Republic of China (憲法 Xianfa)
  2. the Civil Code (民法 Minfa)
  3. the Code of Civil Procedures (民事訴訟法及相關法 Minshi susong fa)
  4. the Criminal Code (刑法 Xingfa)
  5. the Code of Criminal Procedures (刑事訴訟法及相關法 Xingshi susong fa)
  6. the Administrative laws (行政法及行政訴訟相關法 Xingzhengfa)

 Japan : In Japan, the six codes are:

  1. the Civil Code (民法 Minpō, 1896)
  2. the Commercial Code (商法 Shōhō, 1899)
  3. the Criminal Code (刑法 Keihō, 1907)
  4. the Constitution of Japan (日本国憲法 Nippon-koku-kenpō, 1946)
  5. the Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法 Keiji-soshō-hō, 1948)
  6. the Code of Civil Procedure (民事訴訟法 Minji-soshō-hō, 1996)

 Republic of Korea : In South Korea, the six codes are:

  1. the Constitution of the Republic of Korea (憲法 Heon-beob, 1948)
  2. the Criminal Code (刑法 Hyeong-beob, 1953)
  3. the Civil Code (民法 Min-beob, 1958)
  4. the Commercial Code (商法 Sang-beob, 1962)
  5. the Code of Criminal Procedure (刑事訴訟法 Hyeongsa-sosong-beob, 1954)
  6. the Code of Civil Procedure (民事訴訟法 Minsa-sosong-beob, 1960)

The word roppō is a slightly adapted form of the word used in Japanese to describe the Napoleonic Code (ナポレオン五法典 Napoleon go-hōten) when it was brought over during the early Meiji period.[2] Although the Napoleonic Code consisted of five major codes, the Japanese added to this their own constitution to form six codes in all, and thus it came to be called the roppō or "six codes."[2]

Legislation in Japan tends to be terse. The statutory volume Roppō Zensho, similar in size to a large dictionary, contains all six codes as well as many other statutes enacted by the Diet.

[edit] See also

[edit] External links

  1. Ministry of Justice, R.O.C.
  2. The Laws and Regulations Database of the R.O.C.
  3. The Complete Six Codes of Japan ＲＯＮの六法全書 onLINE(in Japanese)

[edit] References

  1. ^ Ministry of Justice, R.O.C. (Taiwan)
  2. ^ a b Masaji Chiba “Japan” edited by Poh-Ling Tan, “Asian Legal Systems” Butterworths, London, 1997.
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