Sodium perchlorate
| Sodium perchlorate | |
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Other names
Sodium chlorate(VII) |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 7601-89-0  |
| PubChem | 522606 |
| ChemSpider | 22668 |
| EC number | 231-511-9 |
| UN number | 1502 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1644700  |
| RTECS number | SC9800000 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | NaClO4 NaClO4.H2O (monohydrate) |
| Molar mass | 122.44 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline solid |
| Density | 2.4994 g/cm3 2.02 g/cm3 (monohydrate) |
| Melting point |
468 °C (decomp.) |
| Solubility in water | 209.6 g/100 ml at 25 °C |
| Related compounds | |
| Other anions | Sodium chloride Sodium hypochlorite Sodium chlorite Sodium chlorate |
| Other cations | Lithium perchlorate Potassium perchlorate Ammonium perchlorate Caesium perchlorate |
| Related compounds | Perchloric acid |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references | |
Sodium perchlorate is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula NaClO4. It is the most soluble of the common perchlorate salts. It is a white crystalline, hygroscopic solid that is highly soluble in water and in alcohol. It usually comes as the monohydrate, which has a rhombic crystal structure.[citation needed]
Its heat of formation is −382.75 kJ mol−1.[1]
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[edit] Uses
Sodium perchlorate is the precursor to many other perchlorate salts, often taking advantage of their low solubility relative to NaClO4 (209 g/100 ml at 25 °C). Perchloric acid is made by treating NaClO4 with HCl.
NaClO4 finds only minimal use in pyrotechnics because it is hygroscopic; ammonium and potassium perchlorates are preferred. These salts are prepared by double decomposition from a solution of sodium perchlorate and potassium or ammonium chlorides.
[edit] Laboratory applications
NaClO4 has a variety of uses in the laboratory, often as a nonreactive electrolyte. For example, it is used in standard DNA extraction and hybridization reactions in molecular biology.
[edit] Production
Sodium perchlorate is produced by anodic oxidation of sodium chlorate, not sodium chloride, at a platinum electrode.[2]
- ClO3− + H2O → ClO4− + H2
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
[edit] References
- ^ WebBook page for NaClO4
- ^ Helmut Vogt, Jan Balej, John E. Bennett, Peter Wintzer, Saeed Akbar Sheikh, Patrizio Gallone “Chlorine Oxides and Chlorine Oxygen Acids” in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002, Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a06_483
