Solemyidae
| Solemyidae | |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Subclass: | Cryptodonta |
| Order: | Solemyoida |
| Family: | Solemyidae J. E. Gray, 1840 |
| Genera and species | |
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See text. |
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Solemyidae is a family of protobranch bivalves in the order Solemyoida. [1]. Solemyids are remarkable in that their digestive tract is either extremely small or non-existent, and their feeding appendages are too short to reach outside the shell [2]. It has been shown that these clams host sulphur-oxidizing Bacteria intracellularly within their gill filaments. As chemoautotrophs, these bacterial symbionts synthesize organic matter from CO2 and are the primary source of nutrition for the whole organism [3][4]. In turn, the animal host provides its symbionts a habitat in which they have access to the substrates of chemoautotrophy (O2, CO2, and reduced inorganic compounds such as H2S). Together, these partners create "animals" with novel metabolic capabilities.
[edit] Genera and species in the family Solemyidae
- Acharax Dall, 1908
- Solemya Lamarck, 1818
- Solemya borealis Totten, 1834
- Solemya caribbaea H.E. Vokes, 1970
- Solemya grandis A.E. Verrill & Bush, 1898
- Solemya occidentalis Deshayes, 1857
- Solemya parkinsoni E.A. Smith, 1874
- Solemya patagonica E.A. Smith, 1885
- Solemya reidi (syn. Solemya macrodactyla) Rochebrune & Mabille, 1891
- Solyema togata Poli 1795
- Solemya velum Say, 1822
[edit] References
- ^ Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand (1979) ISBN 0-00-216906-1
- ^ Reid R. G. B. (1989) The unwhole organism. American Zoologist 29:1133-1140
- ^ Cavanaugh C. M., Abbott M. S., Veenhuis M. (1988) Immunochemical localization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase in the symbiont-containing gills of Solemya velum (Bivalvia, Mollusca). PNAS 85:7786–7789
- ^ Stewart F. J., Cavanaugh, C. M. (2006) Bacterial endosymbioses in Solemya (Mollusca: Bivalvia) – Model systems for studies of symbiont-host adaptation. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 90: 343-360
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