Sons of Temperance
The Sons of Temperance was a brotherhood of men who promoted the temperance movement and mutual support. It began spreading rapidly during the 1840s throughout the United States and parts of Canada.
The organization had a highly restricted membership. In order to become a member (called a “brother“), a man had to be nominated by an existing brother. Three other brothers would then investigate his life to determine if they thought he was worthy of membership. The Sons of Temperance required a two-dollar initiation fee, an amount equal to a week’s wages of an ordinary worker. In addition, the weekly membership fee was six cents. It had secret rituals, signs, passwords, hand grips and regalia.
The organization also acted as an insurance company. Its constitution required the brotherhood to pay thirty dollars to cover the burial costs of any brother who died. It also required the payment of fifteen dollars for the funeral costs of a member’s dead wife. A bylaw required fellow brothers to visit any sick brother at least once a day, and one of the orders of business at each meeting was to identify any brothers who were ill. The organization later admitted women.
The organization had approximately 5000 chapters by the 1850s.[1]
[edit] UK
The Order of the Sons of Temperance was introduced into the United Kingdom in 1849, the first division being formed in an area of Liverpool known as 'Old Gory'. By 1855 it was sufficiently widespread that a charter was granted by the parent body for the institution, on 6 April 1855, of the National Division of Great Britain and Ireland.
The arcane ceremonies, etc have long since been modernised.
The society is ceasing the provision of life insurance, savings, etc as evidenced by their website and a news article[2] but is continuing its social, fraternal and educational activities.
The Sons of Temperance Friendly Society is based in Blackfriars Road, London.
[edit] References
- ^ MacColl, E. Kimbark. The Growth of a City: Power and Politics in Portland, Oregon 1915-1950. Portland, Oregon: The Georgian Press. p. 108. ISBN 0960340815.
- ^ Knight, Julian (2007-02-05). "Is it last orders for friendly societies?". news.bbc.co.uk (BBC). http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6324971.stm. Retrieved 2009-11-27.
