2010 South Australian state election
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All 47 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly 24 seats were needed for a majority 11 (of the 22) seats in the South Australian Legislative Council | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2010 South Australian state election elected members to the 52nd Parliament of South Australia on 20 March 2010. All seats in the House of Assembly or lower house, whose current members were elected at the 2006 election, and half the seats in the Legislative Council or upper house, last filled at the 2002 election, became vacant.
The incumbent centre-left Australian Labor Party government led by Premier Mike Rann was elected to a third four-year term over the opposition centre-right Liberal Party of Australia led by Leader of the Opposition Isobel Redmond. Labor's landslide 7.7 percent swing to a two-party-preferred vote of 56.8 percent at the 2006 election was reversed at this election with a swing of 8.4 percent, finishing with a two-party vote of 48.4 percent, however, Labor retained majority government with 26 of 47 seats, a net loss of two. Labor lost the inner metropolitan seats of Adelaide, Morialta and Norwood to the Liberals while Nationals SA member Karlene Maywald lost her rural seat of Chaffey to the Liberals. Independent Kris Hanna lost to the Labor candidate in Mitchell, independents Bob Such in Fisher and Geoff Brock in Frome retained their seats (the latter having won at the 2009 by-election), while independent candidate Don Pegler won Mount Gambier, replacing outgoing independent Rory McEwen. Jay Weatherill took over from Rann as Premier and Labor leader in October 2011.
In the upper house, both major parties won four seats each, with the last three to the SA Greens, Family First, and Dignity for Disability. The composition of the upper house therefore became eight Labor, seven Liberal, two Green, two Family First, two independent No Pokies, and one Dignity for Disability.
Like federal elections, South Australia has compulsory voting, uses full-preference instant-runoff voting in single member seats for the lower house and single transferable vote group voting tickets in the proportionally represented upper house. The election was conducted by the Electoral Commission of South Australia (ECSA), an independent body answerable to Parliament.
Results
Lower house
| Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Liberal| | Liberal Party of Australia | 408,482 | 41.7 | +7.7 | 18 | +4 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Labor| | Australian Labor Party | 367,480 | 37.5 | −7.8 | 26 | −2 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Greens| | SA Greens | 79,535 | 8.1 | +1.6 | 0 | 0 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Family First| | Family First Party | 52,769 | 5.4 | −0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Nationals| | Nationals SA | 10,279 | 1.0 | −1.0 | 0 | −1 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Independent| | Independent | 46,108 | 4.7 | +3.3 | 3 | –1 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Independent| | Other | 16,016 | 1.6 | −3.3 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 980,669 | 47 | ||||
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Labor| | Australian Labor Party | WIN | 48.4 | −8.4 | 26 | −2 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Liberal| | Liberal Party of Australia | 51.6 | +8.4 | 18 | +4 | |
Independents: Bob Such, Geoff Brock, Don Pegler
Seat movement
- *Figure is versus the Liberal Party. In the electoral district of Mount Gambier, the incument independent Rory McEwen did not re-contest his seat, and was expected to revert to the Liberal Party. However, another independent, Don Pegler, won the seat.
- In the electoral district of Frome, incumbent independent Geoff Brock retained his seat won at the 2009 Frome by-election, held at the 2006 election by former leader of the Liberal Party and former Premier, Rob Kerin.
Pendulum
The following Mackerras Pendulum works by lining up all of the seats according to the percentage point margin post-election on a two-candidate-preferred basis. "Safe" seats require a swing of over 10 per cent to change, "fairly safe" seats require a swing of between 6 and 10 per cent, while "marginal" seats require a swing of less than 6 per cent.[4]
| LABOR SEATS (26) | |||
| Marginal | |||
| Bright | Chloë Fox | ALP | 0.4% |
| Mitchell | Alan Sibbons | ALP | 2.1% |
| Newland | Tom Kenyon | ALP | 2.2% |
| Hartley | Grace Portolesi | ALP | 2.3% |
| Florey | Frances Bedford | ALP | 3.6% |
| Elder | Pat Conlon | ALP | 3.6% |
| Colton | Paul Caica | ALP | 4.0% |
| Mawson | Leon Bignell | ALP | 4.4% |
| Wright | Jennifer Rankine | ALP | 4.6% |
| Ashford | Steph Key | ALP | 4.8% |
| Light | Tony Piccolo | ALP | 5.3% |
| Fairly safe | |||
| Little Para | Lee Odenwalder | ALP | 6.7% |
| West Torrens | Tom Koutsantonis | ALP | 6.7% |
| Lee | Michael Wright | ALP | 7.1% |
| Torrens | Robyn Geraghty | ALP | 7.7% |
| Kaurna | John Hill | ALP | 8.6% |
| Safe | |||
| Reynell | Gay Thompson | ALP | 10.4% |
| Enfield | John Rau | ALP | 10.5% |
| Taylor | Leesa Vlahos | ALP | 11.1% |
| Giles | Lyn Breuer | ALP | 11.9% |
| Port Adelaide | Kevin Foley | ALP | 12.8% |
| Croydon | Michael Atkinson | ALP | 14.1% |
| Napier | Michael O'Brien | ALP | 15.8% |
| Cheltenham | Jay Weatherill | ALP | 16.1% |
| Playford | Jack Snelling | ALP | 16.2% |
| Ramsay | Mike Rann | ALP | 18.0% |
| LIBERAL SEATS (18) | |||
| Marginal | |||
| Chaffey | Tim Whetstone | LIB | 3.8% v NAT |
| Morialta | John Gardner | LIB | 4.1% |
| Adelaide | Rachel Sanderson | LIB | 4.2% |
| Norwood | Steven Marshall | LIB | 4.9% |
| Fairly safe | |||
| Stuart | Dan van Holst Pellekaan | LIB | 7.6% |
| Safe | |||
| Morphett | Duncan McFetridge | LIB | 11.1% |
| Finniss | Michael Pengilly | LIB | 11.2% |
| Davenport | Iain Evans | LIB | 11.8% |
| Unley | David Pisoni | LIB | 12.2% |
| Waite | Martin Hamilton-Smith | LIB | 12.9% |
| Kavel | Mark Goldsworthy | LIB | 15.8% |
| Heysen | Isobel Redmond | LIB | 16.5% |
| Schubert | Ivan Venning | LIB | 17.8% |
| Goyder | Steven Griffiths | LIB | 18.3% |
| Hammond | Adrian Pederick | LIB | 19.0% |
| MacKillop | Mitch Williams | LIB | 20.1% v IND |
| Bragg | Vickie Chapman | LIB | 21.1% |
| Flinders | Peter Treloar | LIB | 26.2% |
| INDEPENDENT SEATS (3) | |||
| Mt Gambier | Don Pegler | IND | 0.4% v LIB |
| Frome | Geoff Brock | IND | 7.5% v LIB |
| Fisher | Bob Such | IND | 16.6% v LIB |
Upper house
| Party | Votes | % | Swing | Seats Won | Total Seats | Change | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Liberal| | Liberal Party of Australia | 376,786 | 39.4 | +13.4 | 4 | 7 | –1 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Labor| | Australian Labor Party | 356,626 | 37.3 | +0.7 | 4 | 8 | 0 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Greens| | SA Greens | 63,358 | 6.6 | +2.3 | 1 | 2 | +1 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Family First| | Family First Party | 42,187 | 4.4 | –0.6 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Dignity for Disability| | Dignity for Disability | 11,271 | 1.2 | +0.6 | 1 | 1 | +1 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Independent| | Other | 106,444 | 11.1 | +4.1 | 0 | 0 | –1 |
| Template:Australian politics/party colours/Independent| | No Pokies[7] | –20.5 | 2 | 0 | |||
| Total | 956,672 | 11 | 22 | ||||
Prior to the election, of 22 seats, Labor and the Liberals held eight seats each, Family First and No Pokies held two seats each, and the Greens and Democrat-turned-independent David Winderlich held one seat each. Up for election were five Liberal, four Labor, one Family First, and Winderlich. Labor and the Liberals won four seats each, with one each to Family First and the Greens, with the last spot to Dignity for Disability candidate Kelly Vincent.[8][9][10][11] This gives an upper house composition of eight Labor, seven Liberal, two Greens, two Family First, two independent No Pokies, and one Dignity for Disability.[12]
Campaign
Rann Labor opened the campaign by announcing the duplication (one-way to two-way) of the Southern Expressway, due to be completed by 2014.[13] Additional specialist maths and science teachers for South Australian high schools were announced.[14] Tens of thousands of extra training places and apprenticeships as part of a pledge to create 100,000 extra jobs during the next six years,[15] despite a healthy economy, assisted by mining and defence industries, and the lowest state unemployment figures in the country.[16]
Under Labor, the Royal Adelaide Hospital would be abandoned and a new hospital built on the site of the old rail yards, moving Adelaide's main hospital from the eastern end to the western end of North Terrace in the Central Business District, within the electoral district of Adelaide. The Liberals and minor party Save the RAH were campaigning against this, with the Liberals proposing renovations on the current site.[17] [18]
Australian Football League (AFL) games and other sporting events are expected to be moved away from AAMI Stadium to new grounds. The Liberals proposed a new sports stadium on the old rail yards, while Labor proposed a major overhaul of Adelaide Oval, also in the electoral district of Adelaide.[19]
A large unfunded liability within the workers compensation scheme known as WorkCover had had built up under both Labor and Liberal governments, which sparked sweeping payout reductions under the last term of the Rann Government, with the legislation passed in Parliament by both major parties, but came under sustained criticism from both the left and the right. The left were critical of monetary cuts to injured or otherwise incapable workers (see 2008 Parnell–Bressington filibuster), while the Liberals attacked WorkCover's operations, claiming there was wasteful duplication and a decrease in accountability, argued that this contributed to its budget problems, and that under a Liberal government WorkCover's insurance and regulatory arms would be split.[20]
Attorney-General Michael Atkinson had been the subject of sustained criticism by the internet generation demographic for refusing to allow classification of and therefore legally allow certain types of explicit media (see Michael Atkinson#Media classification and censorship). Gamers 4 Croydon was created and contested Atkinson's seat of Croydon, as well as Adelaide, Norwood, Light, Mawson, and the upper house. Though the Liberals had not pledged a different stance on the issue, Atkinson suffered a larger than average primary swing of 16 points and two-party-preferred swing of 12 points in his seat. Following the election, Atkinson announced his immediate resignation from the Rann ministry, and that he would not recontest his seat at the next election. It was announced that the new Rann Labor Attorney General would be John Rau, who expressed that he held a different view to his predecessor, and would be talking with his interstate counterparts at the next meeting of Attorneys General.[21]
The election campaign was overshadowed by affair allegations against Rann.[22]
Although it was apparent only a few hours after the polls closed that Rann Labor had retained majority government,[23][24] it was four days after the election that Rann officially claimed victory, after Redmond eventually conceded that the Liberals had not won enough seats to be capable of forming a government.[25] The Governor of South Australia subsequently re-appointed Mike Rann as Premier of South Australia.[26]
Candidates
Retiring
Liberal
- Graham Gunn, MHA in Stuart. Preselection is former national basketball player Dan van Holst Pellekaan.
- Liz Penfold, MHA in Flinders. Preselection is Australian Farmers' Federation Grains Council chairman Peter Treloar.
- Robert Lawson, MLC.
- Caroline Schaefer, MLC.
Labor
- Lea Stevens, MHA in Little Para. Preselection is former police officer Lee Odenwalder.
- Trish White, MHA in Taylor. Preselection is former Labor assistant secretary Leesa Vlahos.
Other
- Rory McEwen, Independent MHA in Mount Gambier. Liberal preselection is Mount Gambier Mayor Steve Perryman.
Polling
Newspoll polling is conducted via random telephone number selection in city and country areas. Sampling sizes consist of just under 900 electors, with the 14–18 March 2010 poll consisting of just under 1600 electors. The declared margin of errors are ± 3.5 percent and ± 2.5 percent respectively.
| Labor Rann |
Liberal Redmond | |
|---|---|---|
| 14–18 Mar 2010 | 43% | 45% |
| Jan–Mar 2010 | 44% | 41% |
| Oct–Dec 2009 | 48% | 31% |
| Jul–Aug 2009 | 46% | 27% |
| Jan–Mar 2009 | 53% | 24%3 |
| Oct–Dec 2008 | 50% | 26%3 |
| Jul–Sep 2008 | 48% | 30%3 |
| Apr–Jun 2008 | 54% | 27%3 |
| Jan–Mar 2008 | 54% | 24%3 |
| Oct–Dec 2007 | 50% | 25%3 |
| Jul–Sep 2007 | 52% | 26%3 |
| Apr–Jun 2007 | 52% | 21%3 |
| Jan–Mar 2007 | 64% | 14%2 |
| Oct–Dec 2006 | 61% | 14%2 |
| Pre 2006 election | 63% | 21%1 |
| Pre 2002 election | 30% | 50%1 |
| Polling conducted by Newspoll and published in The Australian. ^ Remainder were "uncommitted" to either leader. 1 Rob Kerin, 2 Iain Evans, 3 Martin Hamilton-Smith | ||
| Primary vote | TPP vote | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ALP | Lib | Nat | Dem | FFP | Grn | Oth | ALP | Lib | ||
| 2010 Election | 37.5% | 41.7% | 1.0% | 0.4% | 5.4% | 8.1% | 5.9% | 48.4% | 51.6% | |
| 14–18 Mar 2010 | 35.3% | 42.5% | < .5% | < .5% | 3.2% | 9.3% | 9.1% | 48% | 52% | |
| Jan–Mar 2010 | 36% | 39% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 10% | 12% | 50% | 50% | |
| Oct–Dec 2009 | 37% | 35% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 12% | 13% | 53% | 47% | |
| Jul–Aug 2009 | 41% | 33% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 11% | 12% | 56% | 44% | |
| Jan–Mar 2009 | 42% | 34% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 10% | 11% | 56% | 44% | |
| Oct–Dec 2008 | 39% | 35% | 1% | < .5% | 1% | 13% | 11% | 54% | 46% | |
| Jul–Sep 2008 | 38% | 40% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 8% | 11% | 50% | 50% | |
| Apr–Jun 2008 | 41% | 35% | 1% | < .5% | 2% | 12% | 9% | 54% | 46% | |
| Jan–Mar 2008 | 41% | 37% | < .5% | 1% | 1% | 8% | 10% | 53% | 47% | |
| Oct–Dec 2007 | 42% | 36% | 1% | 2% | 3% | 7% | 9% | 54% | 46% | |
| Jul–Sep 2007 | 48% | 33% | 1% | 2% | 2% | 6% | 8% | 59% | 41% | |
| Apr–Jun 2007 | 47% | 35% | 1% | 1% | 2% | 5% | 9% | 57% | 43% | |
| Jan–Mar 2007 | 48% | 29% | 1% | 4% | 2% | 6% | 10% | 61% | 39% | |
| Oct–Dec 2006 | 47% | 33% | 1% | 2% | 3% | 4% | 10% | 58% | 42% | |
| 2006 Election | 45.2% | 34% | 2.1% | 2.9% | 5.9% | 6.5% | 3.4% | 56.8% | 43.2% | |
| 15–16 Mar 2006 | 46% | 33% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 3% | 4% | 11% | 57% | 43% | |
| Jan–Feb 2006 | 44% | 37% | 2% | 2% | 2% | 3% | 10% | 54% | 46% | |
| Oct–Dec 2005 | 46% | 35% | 2% | 1% | 2% | 4% | 10% | 56% | 43% | |
| Jul–Sep 2005 | 45% | 38% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 4% | 9% | 54% | 46% | |
| Apr–Jun 2005 | 46% | 37% | 2% | 1% | 2% | 4% | 8% | 55% | 45% | |
| Jan–Mar 2005 | 45% | 40% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 5% | 7% | 53% | 47% | |
| Oct–Dec 2004 | 42% | 42% | 2% | 1% | 2% | 4% | 7% | 49% | 51% | |
| 2002 Election | 36.3% | 40% | 1.5% | 7.5% | 2.6% | 2.4% | 9.7% | 49.1% | 50.9% | |
| Polling conducted by Newspoll and published in The Australian. | ||||||||||
Date
The last state election was held on 18 March 2006 to elect members for the House of Assembly and half of the members in the Legislative Council. In South Australia, section 28 of the Constitution Act 1934, as amended in 2001, directs that parliaments have fixed four-year terms, and elections must be held on the third Saturday in March every four years unless this date falls the day after Good Friday or occurs within the same month as a Commonwealth election, or the conduct of the election could be adversely affected by a state disaster. Section 28 also states that the Governor may also dissolve the Assembly and call an election for an earlier date if the Government has lost the confidence of the Assembly or a bill of special importance has been rejected by the Legislative Council. Section 41 states that both the Council and the Assembly may also be dissolved simultaneously if a deadlock occurs between them.[27]
The election campaign must run for a minimum of 25 days or a maximum of 55 days, therefore the Governor would need to have issued writs for the election by 23 February 2010 at the latest. Between 7 and 10 days after that date, the electoral roll is closed, which gives voters a final opportunity to enrol or to notify the State Electoral Office of any changes in their place of residence. Candidates wishing to stand for election can nominate between the issue of the writs and no more than 14 days after the close of rolls for a deposit of $450.[28]
The writs were issued 20 February, the electoral roll closed 2 March, and candidate nominations closed 5 March.
Previous Parliament
The centre-left Australian Labor Party, led by Premier Mike Rann, and the centre-right Liberal Party of Australia, led by Leader of the Opposition Isobel Redmond, are the two main parties in South Australia. In the 2006 state election, of 47 seats total, Labor won 28 seats, the Liberals won 15 seats and the Nationals, who are not in coalition with the Liberals in South Australia, retained their seat through minister Karlene Maywald (Chaffey). Three seats were retained by independents, minister Rory McEwen (Mount Gambier), Bob Such (Fisher) and Kris Hanna (Mitchell). Smaller parties which held no seats in the lower House but achieved significant votes in 2006 included the SA Greens and the Family First Party.
In the South Australian Legislative Council, the Labor Party and the Liberal Party held eight seats each, whilst No Pokies and Family First held two seats each. The SA Greens and an ex-Democrat independent held one seat each. Half of the upper house was up for election in 2010, four Labor and five Liberal, one Family First and one ex-Democrat independent.
No Pokies MP Nick Xenophon, re-elected in 2006 until 2014, was replaced by former No Pokies candidate John Darley after Xenophon's resignation to run for the Australian Senate at the 2007 federal election in which he was successful. Former Liberal MP Robert Brokenshire replaced Family First MP Andrew Evans as an MLC in 2008. The last remaining Democrats MP anywhere in Australia, Sandra Kanck, chose to resign before the end of her term, which prompted a party membership ballot to choose a replacement in early 2009. David Winderlich was selected. He resigned from the party in late 2009 to sit in parliament as an independent.
Former Liberal Premier Rob Kerin resigned in November 2008, which triggered a 2009 Frome by-election. Independent Geoff Brock won the seat, reducing the Liberals to 14 of 47 seats. A 2012 Ramsay by-election and a 2012 Port Adelaide by-election saw Labor retain both seats.
See also
- Rann Government
- Candidates of the South Australian state election, 2010
- Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 2010–2014
- Members of the South Australian Legislative Council, 2010–2014
- Full results of the South Australian state election, 2010
- Previous election: South Australian state election, 2006
- Next election: South Australian state election, 2014
External links
- 2010 South Australian election: Electoral Commission SA
- 2010 South Australian election: Antony Green - ABC
- 2010 South Australian election guide: The Poll Bludger
- 2010 South Australian election: Adelaide Now
- Liberals confident as South Australia heads to the polls, 7:30 Report, 16 March 2010, Transcript - Video
- The South Australian Election 2010: A Summary - by Dean Jaensch
References
- ^ "Home - 2010 South Australian Election". ABC.net.au. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
- ^ "ABC elections: 2010 SA party totals". ABC.net.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ a b http://www.ecsa.sa.gov.au/apps/uploadedFiles/news/625/1-Election_Stats_2010_Part_One.pdf
- ^ Political party name abbreviations & codes, demographic ratings and seat status: AEC
- ^ "Legislative Council - Live Results - 2010 South Australian Election". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
- ^ "Election 2010". Ecsa.sa.gov.au. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
- ^ Nick Xenophon's "No Pokies" ticket did not contest this election. Both incumbent upper house members were four years into their eight year term. This saw a statewide 20.5 percent flood to other tickets.
- ^ "2010 Legislative Council - Live Results - ABC Elections". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ "South Australian Election Count Update: ABC elections 24 March 2010". Blogs.abc.net.au. 24 March 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ Tory Shepherd (23 March 2010). "Parliament House not ready for Kelly: The Advertiser 23 March 2010". Adelaidenow.com.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ "South Australian Legislative Council Update: ABC elections 29 March 2010". Blogs.abc.net.au. 29 March 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ "Nation's youngest MP elected in SA: ABC News 8 April 2010". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ Greg Kelton, Daniel Wills (17 February 2010). "Southern Expressway to be duplicated, announces SA Premier Mike Rann". Adelaide Now. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ "SA Premier Mike Rann promises 155 more specialist maths and science teachers". Adelaide Now. 23 February 2010. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ 1 March 2010 12:00AM (1 March 2010). "Jobs pledge swamped by 10pc polling swing to Libs". The Australian. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Smear campaign burying poll issues: Rann - SMH 17 March 2010". News.smh.com.au. 17 March 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ Greg Kelton, State Editor (18 November 2009). "South Australian Liberals want to rebuild Royal Adelaide Hospital". Adelaide Now. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
{{cite web}}:|author=has generic name (help) - ^ "Labor, Libs clash on RAH costing formula". Adelaide Now. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ Wright, Tony (6 March 2010). "It's a race to the poll, and does anyone care?: The Age 6 March 2010". Melbourne: Theage.com.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ "Libs to split Workcover arms". Adelaide Now. 23 February 2010. Retrieved 8 June 2010.
- ^ Ramadge, Andrew (25 March 2010). "John Rau open to R18+ rating, says campaigner: news.com.au 25 March 2010". News.com.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ Larkin, Steve (20 March 2010). "Labor's Mike Rann wins in South Australia election, says Sky News: News Ltd 20 March 2010". News.com.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ Larkin, Steve (20 March 2010). "Labor's Mike Rann wins in South Australia election, says Sky News". Adelaidenow.com.au. Retrieved 4 February 2011.
- ^ Rivett, Gary (20 March 2010). "Rann has edge in SA cliffhanger: ABC News 20 March 2010". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ "Rann's third-term team to be sworn in: ABC News 25 March 2010". Abc.net.au. 25 March 2010. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ Williamson, Brett (25 March 2010). "Rann's reign continues as Labor Government sworn in: ABC News 25 March 2010". Abc.net.au. Retrieved 17 July 2010.
- ^ Australian elections timetable: Australian Parliamentary Library Template:Wayback
- ^ State Electoral Office, South Australia (13 February 2006). "Electoral Questions & Answers" (PDF). Retrieved 26 December 2007.