South Kalimantan
| South Kalimantan Kalimantan Selatan |
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| — Province — | |||
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| Motto: Waja Sampai Ka Puting (Banjarese) (Spirit as strong as steel, from the start until the end) |
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| Coordinates: 2°30′S 115°30′E / 2.5°S 115.5°ECoordinates: 2°30′S 115°30′E / 2.5°S 115.5°E | |||
| Country | Indonesia | ||
| Capital | Banjarmasin | ||
| Government | |||
| • Governor | Drs. H. Rudi Arifin | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 38,744.23 km2 (14,959.23 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2010 Census)[1] | |||
| • Total | 3,626,119 | ||
| • Density | 94/km2 (240/sq mi) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| • Ethnic groups | Banjarese (76%), Javanese (13%), Bugis (12%) [2] |
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| • Religion | Islam (89%), Christianity (1.2%), Buddhism (0.42%), Hinduism (0.11%) | ||
| • Languages | Indonesian (official), Banjarese | ||
| Time zone | WITA (UTC+8) | ||
| Website | http://www.kalselprov.go.id | ||
South Kalimantan/South Borneo (Indonesian: Kalimantan Selatan often abbreviated to Kalsel) is one of the thirty-three Provinces of Indonesia and one of four Indonesian provinces in the Indonesian part of Borneo. The provincial capital is Banjarmasin. The province boundaries are with Makassar Strait in the east, Central Kalimantan in the west and north, the Java Sea in the south and a small part of East Kalimantan in the north.
The population of South Kalimantan was recorded at just over 3.625 million people at the 2010 Census.[1] In 2008 the number of visitors to the province was 339,000 of which 21,000 were international visitors, mostly from China, Philippines and India.
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[edit] Geography
About three quarters of the province is flat and less than 100m above sea level, while about 8,000 km² are swampland. The Meratus Mountains are situated approximately along the south-western part to the north-eastern part of the province, dividing the flat area into two. Its highest peak is Gunung Besar with 1,892 metres.
The annual rainfall intensity is high, ranging between 2,000 and 3,700 mm. The mean number of rainy days per year is 120. Barito is the main river, used as a transportation route to the northern part of the province and to Central Kalimantan. Other smaller rivers are mostly springing from the Meratus Mountains.
The main natural resources in South Kalimantan are forest and coal. Coal deposits are found over almost the whole province, and in some places they are exploited commercially. Other minor resources are oil, gold, gem stones, quartz sand, phosphate and granite.[3]
[edit] Administration
There are 9 regencies and two cities in South Kalimantan as listed below with their capitals and populations:
| Name | Capital | Population 2005 estimate |
Population 2010 Census |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kota Baru Regency | Kotabaru | 261,104 | 290,651 |
| Tanah Bumbu Regency | Batulicin | 210,287 | 267,913 |
| Tanah Laut Regency | Pelaihari | 255,188 | 296,282 |
| Banjarbaru City | Banjarbaru | 152,839 | 199,359 |
| Banjar Regency | Martapura | 459,748 | 506,204 |
| Banjarmasin City | Banjarmasin | 589,115 | 625,395 |
| Barito Kuala Regency | Marabahan | 258,682 | 276,066 |
| Tapin Regency | Rantau | 149,332 | 167,796 |
| Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency | Kandangan | 203,635 | 212,678 |
| Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency | Barabai | 236,021 | 243,389 |
| Hulu Sungai Utara Regency | Amuntai | 209,107 | 209,037 |
| Balangan Regency | Paringin | 100,466 | 112,395 |
| Tabalong Regency | Tanjung | 185,889 | 218,954 |
| Totals | Banjarmasin | 3,271,413 | 3,626,119 |
[edit] Economy
In 2010, South Kalimantan's exports grew by 27%, the highest increase among all Indonesian provinces. The province's total exports rank seventh out of all provinces.[4]
[edit] History
South Kalimantan is the origin of Austronesian peoples who arrived in Madagascar between the 3rd and 10th century, and are most closely related to Dayaks living near the Barito River. Current day peoples of Madagascar largely have origins from this region.
Right after Indonesia's proclamation of independence (August 17, 1945), the government under Soekarno and Hatta appointed Ir. H. Pangeran Muhammad Noor as the governor of the whole Kalimantan on August 18, 1945. The capital was Banjarmasin. Later on, it was decided to divide the area into several provinces. On December 7, 1956, the province of South Kalimantan was formed out of these areas: Kotawaringin, Dayak Besar (Great Dayak), Daerah Banjar (Banjar Area), and the Federation of Southeast Kalimantan. Later on, Pasir (a part of Southeast Kalimantan Federation) was integrated to the province of East Kalimantan instead. Furthermore, on 23 May 1957, Kotawaringin and Dayak Besar removed themselves from South Kalimantan to form their own province, Central Kalimantan.
[edit] References
- ^ a b Central Bureau of Statistics: Census 2010, retrieved 17 January 2011 (Indonesian)
- ^ "INDONESIA: Population and Administrative Divisions" (PDF). The Permanent Committee on Geographical Names. 2003. http://www.pcgn.org.uk/Indonesia-%20Population&AdminDivs-%202003.pdf.
- ^ Hermawan Indrabudi: Forestland: Its dynamics, disorganised uses and planning in South Kalimantan, Indonesia, 2002, ISBN 90-5808-744-1
- ^ "S. Kalimantan export growth the best in RI". August 13, 2011. http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2011/08/13/s-kalimantan-export-growth-best-ri.html.
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