List of Soviet computer systems

This is the list of Soviet computer systems. The Russian abbreviation EVM (ЭВМ), present in some of the names below, means “электронная вычислительная машина”, literally “electronic computing machine.”

See also: History of computer hardware in Soviet Bloc countries

Hardware

• 5E** (5Э**) series - military computers
  • 5E51 (5Э51)
  • 5E53 (5Э53)
  • 5E76 (5Э76) - IBM/360 clone, military version
  • 5E92 (5Э92)
  • 5E92b (5Э92б)
  • and many over ...
• A series — ES EVM-compatible military computers
• Agat (Агат) — Apple II clone
• Aragats (Арагац)
• Argon — a series of military real-time computers
• ATM Turbo — improved ZX Spectrum clone
• BESM (БЭСМ) — series of mainframes
• Besta (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola 68020-based, Sun-3 clone
• Elektronika D3-28
• Dnepr (Днепр)
• Dubna 48K — improved ZX Spectrum clone
• Elbrus (Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series
• Elektronika (Электроника) family
  • DVK family (ДВК) — PDP-11 clones
  • Elektronika BK-0010 (БК-0010, БК-0011) — LSI-11 clone home computer
  • UKNC (УКНЦ) — educational, PDP11-like
  • Elektronika 60, Elektronika 100
  • Elektronika 85 - Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 350 (F11)
  • Elektronika 85.1 - Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 380 (J11)
  • Elektronika SS BIS (Электроника СС БИС) — Cray clone
• ES EVM (ЕС ЭВМ), IBM mainframe clone
• ES PEVM (ЕС ПЭВМ), IBM PC compatible
• GVS-100 (ГВС-100, Гибридная Вичислителная Система) - Hybrid Computer System
• Hobbit (improved ZX Spectrum clone)
• Iskra (Искра) - common name for many computers with different architecture
  • Iskra-1030 - Intel 8086 XT clone
• Irisha (Ириша)
• Kiev (Киев)
• KVM-1 (КВМ-1)
• Korvet (Корвет)
• Krista
• Kronos (Кронос)
• M-1 — one of the earliest stored program computers (1950-1951)
• M series — series of mainframes and mini-computers
• MESM (МЭСМ)
• Micro-80 (Микро-80)
• Microsha (Микроша)
• Minsk (Минск)
• MIR, МИР (uk:ЕОМ "МИР-1", uk:ЕОМ "МИР-2")
• Nairi (Наири)
• Orion-128 (Орион-128)
• Pentagon (improved ZX Spectrum clone)
• Poisk (Поиск) — IBM PC XT clone
• Promin (Проминь)
• PS-2000, PS-3000 — multiprocessor mainframes
• Razdan (Раздан)
• Radon — real-time computer, designed for anti-aircraft defense
• Radon 'Z' — ZX Spectrum clone
• Radio-86RK (Радио 86РК)
• Scorpion (improved ZX Spectrum clone)
• Setun (Сетунь) — unique balanced ternary computer.
• SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) — most models were PDP-11 clones, while some others were HP 2100, VAX or Intel compatible
• Sneg [1] (Снег)
• Specialist (Специалист)
• Strela (Стрела)
• SVS
• TsUM-1 (ЦУМ-1)
• TIA-MC-1 An arcade system
• UM (УМ)
• Ural (Урал) — mainframe series
• Vector-06C (Вектор-06Ц)
• Vesna and Sneg [2] — early mainframes

Operating systems

• For Kronos
  • Kronos
• For BESM
  • D-68 (Д-68, Диспетчер-68, Dispatcher-68)
  • DISPAK (“Диспетчер Пакетов,” Dispatcher of the Packets)
  • DUBNA (“ДУБНА”)
• For ES EVM
  • DOS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”)
  • OS/ES (“Disk Operation system for ES EVM”)
• For SM EVM
  • RAFOS (РАФОС), FOBOS (ФОБОС) and FODOS (ФОДОС) — RT-11 clones
  • OSRV (ОСРВ) — RSX-11M clone, one of the most popular Soviet multi-user systems
  • DEMOS — BSD-based Unix-like; later was ported to x86 and some other architectures
  • INMOS (ИНМОС, Инструментальная мобильная операционная система)
• For 8-bit microcomputers
  • MicroDOS (МикроДОС) — CP/M 2.2 clone
• For ZX Spectrum clones
  • iS-DOS, TASiS
  • DNA OS
• For different platforms
  • MISS (Multipurpose Interactive timeSharing System) - ES EVM ES1010, ES EVM ES1045, D3-28M, PC-compatible, etc.

• MOS (operating system) - a Soviet clone of Unix in the 1980s

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

External links

• Russian Virtual Computer Museum
• Museum of the USSR Computers history
• Pioneers of Soviet Computing