Soyuz TM-11
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| Soyuz TM-11 | |||||
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Mission insignia |
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| Mission statistics | |||||
| Mission name | Soyuz TM-11 | ||||
| Spacecraft mass | 7150 kg | ||||
| Crew size | 3 | ||||
| Call sign | Дербе́нт (Derbent) | ||||
| Launch date | December 2, 1990 08:13:32 UTC Gagarin's Start |
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| Landing | May 26, 1991 10:04:13 UTC near Dzhezkazgan |
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| Mission duration | 175 days 01 hours 50 minutes 41 seconds | ||||
| Number of orbits | ~2,735 | ||||
| Apogee | 400 km | ||||
| Perigee | 367 km | ||||
| Orbital period | 92.2 minutes | ||||
| Orbital inclination | 51.6° | ||||
| Related missions | |||||
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[edit] Crew
| Position | Launching Crew | Landing Crew |
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| Commander |  Viktor AfanasyevFirst spaceflight |
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| Flight Engineer | Musa Manarov Second spaceflight |
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| Research Cosmonaut |  Toyohiro Akiyama (Reporter)First spaceflight |
 Helen SharmanFirst spaceflight Project Juno |
[edit] Mission highlights
Soyuz TM-11 was launched the same day as STS-35.
11th expedition to Mir. Toyohiro Akiyama was a reporter/space tourist for a Japanese television network.
Spent 175 days docked to Mir. Its launch shroud and Soyuz booster were painted with the Japanese flag and advertisements. A camera inside the descent module filmed the cosmonauts during ascent for Akiyama’s network.
Viktor Afanaseyev, Musa Manarov (on his second Mir visit), and Japanese television journalist Toyohiro Akiyama were welcomed aboard Mir by Soviet cosmonauts. Akiyama’s network, the Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS), paid for the flight. The Soviets called this their first commercial spaceflight and claimed to have earned $14 million. The journalist was scheduled to make one 10-min TV broadcast and two 20-min radio broadcasts each day. Electrical power and video and TV system incompatibilities forced the Japanese to make extensive use of converters. His equipment, which weighed about 170 kg, was delivered by Progress-M spacecraft and set up in advance by Manakov and Strekalov. On December 5 Akiyama’s couch was transferred to Soyuz-TM 10. On December 8 Manakov and Strekalov commenced loading Soyuz-TM 10’s descent module with film and experiment results. TBS broadcast Akiyama’s landing live from Kazakhstan.
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