Soyuz TM-16
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| Soyuz TM-16 | |||||
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| Mission insignia |
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| Mission statistics | |||||
| Mission name | Soyuz TM-16 | ||||
| Spacecraft mass | 7150 kg | ||||
| Crew size | 2 launched / 3 landed | ||||
| Call sign | Вулка́н (Vulkan - Volcano) | ||||
| Launch date | January 24, 1993 05:58:05 UTC Gagarin's Start |
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| Landing | July 22, 1993 06:41:50 UTC 140 km S of Dzhezkazgan |
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| Mission duration | 179 days 00 hours 43 minutes 45 seconds | ||||
| Number of orbits | ~2,790 | ||||
| Apogee | 394 km | ||||
| Perigee | 393 km | ||||
| Orbital period | 92.4 minutes | ||||
| Orbital inclination | 51.6° | ||||
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[edit] Crew
| Position | Launching Crew | Landing Crew |
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| Commander | Second spaceflight |
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| Flight Engineer | First spaceflight |
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| Research Cosmonaut | None | First spaceflight |
[edit] Mission highlights
16th expedition to Mir.
First Soyuz without a probe and drogue docking system since 1976. It carried an APAS-89 androgynous docking unit different from the APAS-75 unit used for ASTP in 1975, yet similar in general principles. Soyuz-TM 16 used it to dock with an androgynous docking port on the Kristall module. This was a test of the docking system in preparation for dockings by space shuttles with Mir.
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