Spanish Guinea

Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea
*Territorios Españoles del Golfo de Guinea*
	Spanish Territories of the Gulf of Guinea; Territorios Españoles del Golfo de Guinea
	Spanish colony
Flag	Coat of arms
	Location of Spanish Guinea in central Africa.
Capital	Santa Isabel (now Malabo)
Languages	Spanish
Political structure	Colony
Governor
High Commissioner
Historical era	20th century
Currency	Spanish Guinea peseta

Coat of arms of the Spanish Río Muni colony.

Spanish Guinea (Spanish: Guinea Española) was a Spanish colony in Africa that became the independent nation of Equatorial Guinea.

History [edit]

The population of the colony was stratified^[1] as:

Whites, whose immigration was regulated by the Spanish government.
Emancipados, black population assimilated to the Whites. They had a Christian Spanish education. Some of them descended from freed Cuban slaves, brought to Africa by Royal Orders of September 13, 1845, (voluntary) and June 20, 1861, (deportation). This group included mestizos (mulattoes) acknowledged by the White father.^[2]
"Individuals of colour" under patronage, the majority of the black indigenous people, of different ethnic groups, mostly Bantus. They were not allowed to own property and were liable to forced labour. They included unacknowleged mestizos.
Nigerian and Cameroonian, Chinese and Indian.

^ Anuario del Instituto Cervantes (2005). Panorama de la literatura en español en Guinea Ecuatorial, Justo Bolekia Boleká, Introducción histórica
^ Espacio, Tiempo y Forma, Serie V, Hª Contemporánea, t. 11, 1998, págs. 113-138, Penología e indigenismo en la antigua Guinea española, Pedro María Belmonte Medina