Spasm
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| ICD-10 | R25.2 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 728.85 |
| MeSH | D013035 |
A spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ, or a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice. It is sometimes accompanied by a sudden burst of pain, but is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. Spasmodic muscle contraction may also be due to a large number of medical conditions, including the dystonias.
By extension, a spasm is a temporary burst of energy, activity, emotion, stress, or anxiety.
A subtype of spasms is colic, an episodic pain due to spasms of smooth muscle in a particular organ (e.g. the bile duct). A characteristic of colic is the sensation of having to move about, and the pain may induce nausea or vomiting if severe. Series of spasms or permanent spasms are called a spasmism.
In very severe cases, the spasm can induce muscular contractions that are more forceful than the sufferer could generate under normal circumstances. This can lead to torn tendons and ligaments.
Hysterical strength is argued to be a type of spasm induced by the brain under extreme circumstances.
Spasms can be caused by insufficient hydration, muscle overload or absence of some minerals (as magnesium).
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