Steroid hydroxylases

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The steroid hydroxylases are a class of enzymes involved in the manufacture of steroids.

Corticosteroid biosynthetic pathway in rat

[edit] See also

[edit] Additional images

Steroidogenesis
Steroid nomenclature - numbering of carbons
Production of DHEA from Cholesterol

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MeSH Steroid+hydroxylases

v t e Oxidoreductases: dioxygenases, including steroid hydroxylases (EC 1.14)

1.14.11: 2-oxoglutarate	Prolyl hydroxylase - Lysyl hydroxylase

1.14.13: NADH or NADPH	Flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO1, FMO2, FMO3, FMO4, FMO5) - Nitric oxide synthase (NOS1, NOS2, NOS3) - Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase - Methane monooxygenase - 3A4 - Lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase

1.14.14: reduced flavin or flavoprotein	19A1 - 2D6 - 2E1

1.14.15: reduced iron-sulfur protein	11B1 - 11B2 - 11A1

1.14.16: reduced pteridine (BH4 dependent)	Phenylalanine hydroxylase - Tyrosine hydroxylase - Tryptophan hydroxylase

1.14.17: reduced ascorbate	Dopamine beta hydroxylase

1.14.18-19: other	Tyrosinase - Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1

1.14.99 - miscellaneous	Cyclooxygenase - Heme oxygenase (HMOX1) - Squalene monooxygenase - 17A1 - 21A2

B enzm: 1.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/10/11/13/14/15-18, 2.1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8, 2.7.10, 2.7.11-12, 3.1/2/3/4/5/6/7, 3.1.3.48, 3.4.21/22/23/24, 4.1/2/3/4/5/6, 5.1/2/3/4/99, 6.1-3/4/5-6

Metabolism: lipid metabolism · ketones/cholesterol synthesis enzymes/steroid metabolism

Mevalonate pathway

To HMG-CoA	Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase · HMG-CoA synthase (regulated step)

Ketogenesis	HMG-CoA lyase · 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase · Thiophorase

To Mevalonic acid	HMG-CoA reductase

To DMAPP	Mevalonate kinase · Phosphomevalonate kinase · Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase · Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase

Geranyl-	Dimethylallyltranstransferase · Geranyl pyrophosphate

To lanosterol	Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase · Squalene monooxygenase · Lanosterol synthase

7-Dehydrocholesterol path	Lanosterol 14α-demethylase · Sterol-C5-desaturase-like · 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase

Desmosterol path	24-dehydrocholesterol reductase

Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase · Sterol 27-hydroxylase

Steroidogenesis

To pregnenolone

Side-chain cleavage

To corticosteroids

aldosterone: 18-hydroxylase

cortisol/cortisone: 17α-hydroxylase · 11β dehydrogenase (HSD11B1, HSD11B2)

both: 3β dehydrogenase · 21α-hydroxylase · 11β-hydroxylase

To sex hormones

To androgens	17α-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase · 3β dehydrogenase · 17β dehydrogenase · 5α reductase (1,2)

To estrogens	Aromatase

Other/ungrouped

Steroid metabolism: sulfatase (Steroid sulfatase) · sulfotransferase (SULT1A1, SULT2A1)

Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein

mt, k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, a/u, n, m

k, cgrp/y/i, f/h/s/l/o/e, au, n, m, epon

m(A16/C10),i(k, c/g/r/p/y/i, f/h/s/o/e, a/u, n, m)

anat/phys/devp/horm

noco(d)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon

proc, drug (A10/H1/H2/H3/H5)

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