Stevens Institute of Technology

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Stevens Institute of Technology
SIT Seal.jpg
Motto Per aspera ad astra (Through adversity to the stars)
Established 1870
Type Private
Endowment $140.2 million[1]
President Nariman Farvardin[2]
Provost George Korfiatis[3]
Academic staff 179 full-time and 149 part-time
Students 5,260[4]
Undergraduates 2,040[4]
Postgraduates 3,220[4]
Location Hoboken, NJ, USA
Campus Urban
Athletics 26 varsity teams[5]
Colors Stevens Red and Gray[6]         
Nickname "The Stute" or "The Old Stone Mill"
Mascot Attila the Duck
Affiliations Empire 8, MAISA
Website www.stevens.edu
Stevens-logo72dpi202cvSMALL.jpg

Stevens Institute of Technology is a private, coeducational research university located on a 55 acres (220,000 m2) campus in Hoboken, New Jersey, USA. The university also has a satellite location in Washington, D.C. The campus encompasses Castle Point, the highest point in Hoboken. Sybil's Cave bores into the side of Castle Point, and below and to the east of the university are Frank Sinatra Park, Castle Point Park, and Castle Point Skate Park. The tallest building in the institute is the Wesley J. Howe Center, occupying the site of the former "Stevens Castle" on Castle Point.

The university was founded in 1870 with an 1868 bequest from Edwin A. Stevens.[7] Enrollment at Stevens includes more than 5,000 undergraduate and graduate students representing 47 states and 60 countries throughout Asia, Europe and Latin America.[5] The university is home to three national Centers of Excellence as designated by the U.S. Departments of Defense and Homeland Security.[8][9][10] Two members of the Stevens community, as alumni or faculty, have been awarded the Nobel Prize: Frederick Reines (class of 1939), in Physics, and Irving Langmuir (Chemistry faculty 1906-1909), in chemistry.[11]

Dr. Nariman Farvardin is the seventh president of Stevens. He took office July 1, 2011.[12] Stevens Institute of Technology ranks #75 for undergraduate engineering[13] and #72 for graduate engineering[14] for national ranking according to U.S. News & World Report. Stevens Institute of Technology also ranks #5 in the United States among "Best Engineering Colleges By Salary Potential".[15]

Contents

History [edit]

Establishment and the Stevens Family [edit]

Stevens Institute of Technology is named after a family of accomplished inventors and engineers.

In 1784, the land now occupied by Stevens Institute of Technology was purchased by John Stevens,[16] who would later reverse engineer the British steam locomotive to American standards for domestic manufacture. Robert Stevens, one of John's sons, invented the flanged T rail, a form of railroad rail in prevalent use today. With his brother Edwin A. Stevens, Robert created America's first commercial railroad.[16]

John Cox Stevens, John Stevens' eldest son, was the first commodore of the New York Yacht Club.[17] With his brother Edwin, they built the yacht America and were aboard its 1851 regatta victory in England, later recognized as the first winner of the America's Cup.[18][17][19]

Edwin died in 1868. In his will, he left a bequest for the establishment of an "institution of learning," providing his trustees with land and funds.[16]

Early years [edit]

Stevens Institute of Technology opened in 1870 and initially was dedicated to mechanical engineering.[16]

The original course of study was a single, rigorous curriculum based upon the European model of science (following the French and German scientific and technical schools), rather than the shop schools that were common at that time.[16] "Mechanical Engineer" (M.E.) was the original degree offered, in addition to a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering, chemistry, or physics. Stevens granted several Ph.D.s between 1870 and 1900, making it one of the earliest Ph.D. granting institutions in the United States.[citation needed] The broad-based interdisciplinary philosophy was put into practice by the founders from the first graduating class. Despite the title of the degree and concentration in mechanical engineering, the curriculum included courses in all engineering disciplines of the time; mechanical, civil, chemical, and electrical. In 1880, Robert H. Thurston, professor of mechanical engineering, was nominated the first president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.[20]

The campus began on the edge of the family estate at Castle Point in Hoboken. It occupied a single building now designated the Edwin A. Stevens Building and a Federal historical landmark.[21] Stone designs on the building's facade are believed to be derived from a pattern repeated in the floor mosaic of Hagia Sophia, the great cathedral in Istanbul, which Edwin Stevens is believed to have visited in the late 19th century.

In 1906, students, under the guidance of President Humphreys, created the honor system – moral and ethical code governing the life of Stevens students, preaching equality and honest work.[16]

Modern history [edit]

During World War II, Stevens Institute of Applied Science was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission.[22]

Also during World War II, the institute was honored by the naming of the Victory Ship, SS Stevens Victory, a merchant cargo ship built by the Bethlehem Fairfield Shipyard at Baltimore. Launched on May 29, 1945, the ship was one of 150 named for U.S. colleges and universities.

In 1959 the undergraduate engineering degree was changed to the Bachelor of Engineering (B.Eng.) to reflect the broad-based interdisciplinary engineering curriculum (the M.E. degree of that time was a baccalaureate degree, not to be confused with the present Engineer's degree which is a terminal professional graduate degree).

An aerial view of Humphreys Hall on the campus of Stevens Institute of Technology.

In 1959, the 40-room Victorian mansion, "Castle Stevens," was demolished, and replaced in 1962 by the 14-story administration building, later renamed the Wesley J. Howe building.[23]

SS Stevens, a 473-foot, 14,893-ton ship, served as a floating dormitory from 1968 to 1975 for approximately 150 students. Moored on the Hudson River at the foot of campus across from New York City, this first collegiate floating dormitory[24] became one of the best known college landmarks in the country.[25] Following the sale of the ship, students of the Class of 1975 presented funds to the institute for the preparation of a site on Wittpenn Walk where one of Stevens' six-ton anchors was placed in tribute to "the Ship".[23] On the day Stevens was towed away, the alumni association recounted sentiments in its journal, "She disappeared into the fog and into our hearts."[24]

Stevens was one of the first five college football teams.[citation needed]

Stevens became coeducational in 1971. The Class of 1975 matriculated 19 women, and 40 years later, women make up 25 percent of undergraduates.[26]

In 1982, Stevens was the first institution in the U.S. to require all incoming freshman undergraduate students to purchase and use a personal computer.[27] Around this time, an intranet was installed throughout campus, which placed Stevens among the first universities with campus networks.

WCPR, the radio station of Stevens Institute of Technology, has over 10,000 LPs, one of the largest record collections in New Jersey.[28]

Academics [edit]

Colleges [edit]

Stevens is composed of four academic schools: the Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering and Science, the School of Systems and Enterprises, the Wesley J. Howe School of Technology Management and the College of Arts and Letters.[29] There are 29 undergraduate majors and a 7:1 faculty to student ratio.[30] Graduate offerings include 22 Ph.D. programs, 43 master's programs, 122 certificate programs, and graduate-level offerings custom designed for corporations.[31]

The historic Edwin A. Stevens Building, home to the Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering and Science.[32]

Stevens offers the Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) degree in biomedical, chemical, civil, computer, electrical, environmental, mechanical, and naval engineering, as well as in engineering management.[30]

The Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree is offered in bioanalytical chemistry, bioinformatics, business, chemical biology, chemistry, computational science, computer science, cybersecurity, engineering physics, information systems, mathematical sciences, physics, quantitative finance, and science and law.[30] At the graduate level, Stevens offers the Master of Engineering (M.Eng.), Master of Technology Management (M.T.M.), Master of Science (M.S.), Master of Business Administration (M.B.A.), Engineer (E.E., M.E., Comp. E., C.E., and Ch. E.), and Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degrees.[31]

The Schaefer School's mission is to address the challenges facing engineering and science now and into the future while remaining true to the vision of the founders of Stevens as one of the first dedicated engineering schools in the nation. The Schaefer School offers bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees with a variety of certificates in various engineering and scientific disciplines for full-time students and part-time professionals.[33] The goal of most doctoral work is to develop technologies and processes that provide social benefit in society's security, energy, environmental, medicine, and health care challenges.[31] Stevens Institute of Technology had a dual degree program in engineering with New York University until New York University started its own engineering school in 2008 by acquiring another reputed school of engineering called Polytechnic Institute of New York University, which is located in New York City.

The Howe School offers undergraduate, master's, MBA, and doctoral degrees, as well as certificates, in a variety of technology management specialties.[34] The Stevens undergraduate program emphasizes mathematical business models, applications of hard science to the concept and marketing of products, financial engineering (stochastic calculus, probability, and statistics as descriptors of the dynamic behavior of financial markets) and the case study method of business analysis. The capstone project in the business curriculum is the design of a technology-based business, with the accompanying business plan, operations research, market analysis, financial prospectus, and risk analysis. Several projects have been developed into real companies.[34]

The Lawrence T. Babbio, Jr. Center for Technology Management, home of the Howe School for Technology Management and the School of Systems and Enterprises,[32] lit at nighttime with the iconic Gatehouse in the foreground.

The School of Systems and Enterprises (SSE) features faculty with industry and government experience to provide real-world applications to its students. SSE offers bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees along with a combined bachelor’s and master’s program and graduate certificates. SSE offers flexibility in its graduate course delivery. Options include on campus in Hoboken or at the Washington, D.C. location, at a work site, or online through Stevens’ WebCampus.[35] The school's education and research reaches across industries, including defense, homeland security, intelligence, nuclear weapons, communications, space, infrastructure, finance and business solutions.[36] The school follows an open academic model, which emphasizes the interplay between academia, industry, and government.[37]

The College of Arts and Letters (CAL) approaches the humanities, social sciences, and the arts from a science and technology perspective. While every undergraduate at Stevens is required to take a set of humanities courses, CAL offers B.A. degrees in literature, history, philosophy, and the social sciences. CAL was established as a separate college in 2007 as part of a larger institutional realignment. CAL's formation followed a history of integrating humanities and liberal arts education which dates back to the university's founding in 1870.[38] In fall 2011 CAL began offering a new M.A. and graduate certificate in Technology, Policy, and Ethics.[39]

Research [edit]

The research enterprise at Stevens features three national Centers of Excellence, as designated by the U.S. government: the National Center for Secure and Resilient (CSR) Maritime Commerce;[40] the National Systems Engineering Research Center (SERC);[41] and the Atlantic Center for the Innovative Design and Control of Small Ships (ACCESS).[42]

The Stevens Institute of Technology campus, set in front of the Hudson River and Manhattan's skyscrapers.

Stevens also features the Center for the Advancement of Secure Systems and Information Assurance (CASSIA),[43] dedicated to advancements in cybersecurity. The center was developed in response to Stevens' designations by the Department of Homeland Security and the National Security Agency as a National Center of Academic Excellence in Information Assurance Education for the academic years 2003 through 2014, and as a National Center of Academic Excellence in Information Assurance Research for the years 2008 through 2013.[31]

The Center for Maritime Systems at Stevens works to preserve and secure America's maritime resources and assets.[44] The center includes the Davidson Laboratory, a research facility focused on physical modeling and computer simulation of marine craft designs. The lab houses a 313-foot long wave tank capable of recreating a variety of wave types for maritime testing.[45] Work at the lab was dedicated to the war effort during World War II.[46] The facility is one of only two designated International Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmarks in the United States.[31]

The Center for Maritime Systems contributed to the US Airways Flight 1549 Miracle on the Hudson recovery by analyzing water currents to identify the best location to toe the plane and locate the plane's missing engine.[47]

The Center for Innovation in Engineering and Science Education (CIESE), part of the Schaefer School, provides expertise to improve K-12 science, mathematics, engineering, and technology education, with the goal to increase the number of students pursuing STEM majors and careers in technological fields.[31] CIESE received the Presidential Award for Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring in 2011.[48]

The Center for Environmental Systems (CES) develops environmental technologies through collaboration between faculty in the Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, the Department of Defense, and private enterprise.[49] Principal research areas for CES include drinking water technologies, wastewater treatment, air pollution control, environmental systems modeling and monitoring, pollution prevention and minimization, and life cycle assessment.[49]

Other research centers at Stevens are the Wireless Network Security Center, Keck Geotechnical Laboratory, Plasma Physics Laboratory, Nicoll Environmental Laboratory, Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Center for Mass Spectrometry and the Center for Complex Adaptive Sociotechnological Systems (COMPASS).

Stevens partnered with Parsons The New School for Design and Milano School of International Affairs, Management and Urban Policy to design an affordable green home as part of the 2011 Solar Decathlon.[50] The team partnered with Habitat for Humanity of Washington, DC to provide the home to a low-income family in the Deanwood section of Washington at the conclusion of the competition.[50]

The U.S. Department of Energy selected Stevens as one of 20 teams to compete in the 2013 Solar Decathlon to be held at Orange County Great Park in Irvine, California, the first time the competition has been held outside of Washington, D.C.[51]

Athletics [edit]

Stevens Institute of Technology is a member of the Empire 8 Conference, Eastern College Athletic Conference and NCAA Division III.

Stevens athletic teams have collectively won 22 Empire 8 championships since switching to the conference in 2007.[citation needed] The 2008 men's soccer team reached the Div. III NCAA championship game, losing to Messiah College in penalty kicks.[52][53] In the fall 2010 season, Stevens was one of only two Div. III schools with four teams competing in post-season NCAA tournaments.[52]

Stevens Institute of Technology's Women's Volleyball team in action during the fall 2011 season.

In 1994, the school built the Schaefer Athletic and Recreation Center, which features an NCAA competition-sized pool and indoor soccer, basketball, volleyball, squash and racquetball courts.[54] The Schaefer Center construction was part of a $23 million investment in new facilities that also included renovations to Walker Gym, and installation of a new turf field.[52] During the 2000s, the school added nine new varsity programs, for a total of 26, in an effort to build a nationally competitive sports program.[52] The effort succeeded in attracting more women to apply to Stevens and expanded recruitment for athletes across the country.[52]

Former Stevens soccer goalkeeper Zach Carr received All-American and Academic All-American honors in 2010.[52] Carr led the nation in 2010 with a .927 save percentage and maintained a 3.92 grade-point average.[52] During the course of his career, he held the second longest scoreless streak in NCAA history and held an unofficial record of 55 shutouts.[52]

Stevens graduate Laura Barito, a 22-time All-American in swimming and track and two-time NCAA national champion, was awarded the 2011 NCAA Woman of the Year.[55] Barito, who was also named by CoSIDA/Capital One to the Academic All-America First Team, was only the second Division III athlete to win the NCAA Woman of the Year Award in its 21-year history.[55][56]

The Stevens athletic department has received several accolades, including: ranked 13th in the 2011 Learfield Sports Division III Directors’ Cup,[57] the 2008 Jostens Institution of the Year by the Eastern College Athletic Conference,[58] and the 2007 Jostens/NADIIIAA Community Service Award of Merit.[59]

The sports teams are called the Ducks and their mascot is Attila the Duck, who is female.[60]

Noted People [edit]

Innovators in Time and Scientific Management [edit]

Frederick Winslow Taylor (M.E., 1883), the "father of scientific management," developed time and motion studies in the steel industry and other manufacturing industries. The time and motion studies elucidated the most efficient way to do each task, the methods of distributing work in a factory, the assigning of production resources to workers and processes, and the quantifying and measuring of the resulting productivity. His books Shop Management and The Principles of Scientific Management remain classic monographs in the field. Although few or no plants today employ exactly the system of management that Taylor described, the underlying principles of analysis and empiricism that shaped his methods are still in use today. Henry Gantt, Taylor's classmate, was the developer of the "Gantt chart", which is a graphical technique for identifying the critical path- the succession of particular steps in a process that control the cost and schedule as a function of the dependencies between the steps. Present day, computer-aided program evaluation and review techniques, critical path optimization, and linear programming techniques still utilize Gantt's principles.

Other Notable People [edit]

Closely associated with time-motion studies was the psychology of employee and organizational behavior. Dr. Charles Gaudet organized one of the first psychological studies laboratories at Stevens in 1945. The laboratory developed psychological tests and standards for public employees such as police and fire. These tests, elements of which are in use today, have proven themselves accurate predictors of performance under stressful conditions.

During the Manhattan Project, the International Nickel Company,[citation needed] under the direction of president Charles Stanley (M.E., 1943) developed the ultra-pure nickel that was used to fabricate diffusion barriers used in the gaseous isotope diffusion separation process at Los Alamos which produced the uranium-235 used in the Hiroshima atomic bomb. Previous attempts at gas diffusion failed due to impurities in the diffusion barrier alloys causing corrosion of the apparatus by the uranium hexafluoride gas used in the process. Frederick Reines, (M.E., 1939, M.S., 1941), who would later discover the neutrino — which won him the Nobel Prize in 1995 — directed the experimental division of the Manhattan Project.

Notable alumni [edit]

The New York Skyline, as seen from Castle Point on the Stevens Institute of Technology campus
Inside the Babbio Center at Stevens Institute of Technology.
The gatehouse at Stevens Institute of Technology.

Attorney General lawsuit [edit]

In 2009, after a two-year investigation by the New Jersey Attorney General, Stevens and the attorney general filed competing lawsuits against one another.[68] The attorney general suit against Stevens, its then-president and chairman of the board of trustees alleged numerous claims involving breach of fiduciary duty and other causes of action primarily relating to financial practices and the financial management of the institute and the compensation and certain loan transactions involving the then-president.[69] The Stevens suit against the attorney general contended that she had overstepped her legal authority over a private institution, and sought that any case be pursued by confidential arbitration.[68]

On January 15, 2010, Stevens announced that the institute and the attorney general's office settled the competing lawsuits.[70][71] In the settlement, the parties agreed to a number of changes to Stevens' governance procedures, and it appointed a special counsel to oversee the implementation of these changes and prepare periodic reports on Stevens’ progress.[71] Additionally, in a letter to the institute on January 15, 2010, the chairman of the board of trustees, Lawrence T. Babbio Jr., and the then-president Harold J. Raveché announced that Raveché had voluntarily decided not to continue as president beyond June 30, 2010 after 22 years in that position.[72] The settlement made Dr. Raveché a consultant to the institute through October 2011 and forced him to repay the outstanding balance of loans previously made to him by Stevens.[73] It concludes with no admission of liability or unlawful conduct by any party.[71]

The special counsel prepared six reports on the progress of the governance changes outlined in the settlement agreement.[74] The sixth and final quarterly report, dated August 3, 2011, states that Stevens completed on schedule the agreed upon changes to its governance procedures and that “Special Counsel now finds Stevens to be in full compliance with the terms of the Consent Judgment.” While the specific compliance requirements have been fulfilled, the special counsel will continue to monitor certain activities of Stevens through February 2012.[75]

See also [edit]

References [edit]

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  69. ^ Schmidt, Margaret (17 September 2009). "State releases 16-count lawsuit against Stevens Tech". The Jersey Journal. Retrieved 24 October 2011. 
  70. ^ Stevens Institute of Technology (2010-01-15). NJ Attorney General and Stevens Reach Settlement Agreement (PDF). Retrieved 2010-01-15. 
  71. ^ a b c Superior Court of New Jersey (2010-01-15). Final Consent Judgment (PDF). Retrieved 2010-01-15. 
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Further reading [edit]

  • Clark, G.W. (2000). History of Stevens Institute of Technology, Jensen/Daniels. ISBN 1-893032-24-8

External links [edit]

Coordinates: 40°44′42″N 74°01′26″W / 40.744906°N 74.023937°W / 40.744906; -74.023937