Strong electrolyte
A strong electrolyte is a solute that completely, or almost completely, ionizes or dissociates in a solution. These ions are good conductors of electric current in the solution.
Originally, a "strong electrolyte" was defined as a chemical that, when in aqueous solution, is a good conductor of electricity. With greater understanding of the properties of ions in solution its definition wato the present one.
A concentrated solution of this strong electrolyte has a lower vapour pressure than that of pure water at the same temperature. Strong acids, strong bases, and soluble ionic salts that are not weak acids or weak bases are strong electrolytes.
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[edit] Writing reactions
For strong electrolytes, a single reaction arrow shows that the reaction occurs completely in one direction, in contrast to the dissociation of weak electrolytes, which both ionize and re-bond in significant quantities [1].
- Strong electrolyte(aq) → Cation+(aq) + Anion-(aq)
Strong electrolytes conduct electricity only when molten or in aqueous solutions. Strong electrolytes break apart into ions completely.
The stronger an electrolyte the greater the voltage produced when used in a galvanic cell.
[edit] Examples of Strong Electrolytes
Strong Acid
- Perchloric acid HClO4
- Hydriodic acid HI
- Hydrobromic acid HBr
- Hydrochloric acid HCl
- Sulfuric acid H2SO4
- Nitric acid HNO3
- Chloric acid HClO3
- Bromic acid HBrO3
- Perbromic acid HBrO4
- Periodic acid HIO4
- Fluoroantimonic acid HSbF6
- Magic acid FSO3HSbF5
- Carborane superacid H(CHB11Cl11)
- Fluorosulfuric acid FSO3H
- Triflic acid CF3SO3H
- Citric Acid
Strong Base
- Potassium hydroxide KOH
- Barium hydroxide Ba(OH)2
- Caesium hydroxide CsOH
- Sodium hydroxide NaOH
- Strontium hydroxide Sr(OH)2
- Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
- Rubidium hydroxide RbOH
- Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2
- Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) C6H14LiN
- Lithium diethylamide (LDEA)
- Sodium amide NaNH2
- Sodium hydride NaH
- Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide ((CH3)3Si)2NLi
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ Brown, Theodore L. Chemistry: The Central Science, 9th edition.
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