Stropharia ambigua
| Stropharia ambigua | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Subclass: | Hymenomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Strophariaceae |
| Genus: | Stropharia |
| Species: | S. ambigua |
| Binomial name | |
| Stropharia ambigua |
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| Stropharia ambigua | |
|---|---|
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gills on hymenium |
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cap is convex |
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hymenium is adnate |
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stipe has a ring |
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spore print is purple-brown |
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ecology is saprotrophic |
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edibility: unknown |
Stropharia ambigua, sometimes known as the Questionable Stropharia, is a saprotrophic basidiomycete fungus, one of many in the genus Stropharia.
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[edit] Description
The cap is 3 to 15 centimeters broad, obtuse to convex, becomes plain or uplifted in age, has a smooth surface, is slimy when moist, and yellowish. The flesh is white, thick, and soft. The gills are pale gray and gradually darkens to purplish-gray or purplish-black.[1] The gills occasionally pull away from the stipe with age.[2] The stipe is 6 to 18 centimeters long and is stuffed or hollow. The veil is soft and white. The spore print is dark purplish to nearly black. The species fruits in the spring and fall.[1] The species doesn't have a volva.[2]
[edit] Edibility
The species has been said to taste like old leaves.[3] Because of conflicting reports that they received on the edibility of this species so the authors Orson K. Miller and Hope Miller does not recommend eating it.[4] The authors Alexander Hanchett Smith and Nancy S. Weber said that the species is not poisonous.[1] The author David Arora does not recommend eating this species.[2] The authors of Poisonous plants of California said that the species is suspected of being poisonous.[5]
[edit] Distribution and habitat
S. ambigua appears in late fall as a solitary to scattered mushroom or in groups on rich humus, usually under conifers. It can also be found with alder and other hardwoods in the Pacific Coast.[3] It has frequently been found in disturbed areas, such as where wood was handled.[1] The species invade outdoor mushroom beds after wood chips have decomposed by a primary saprotroph.[6] It favors a cold and damp environment.[2]
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d Hanchett Smith, Alexander; S. Weber, Nancy (1980). The mushroom hunter's field guide. University of Michigan Press. pp. 226. ISBN 9780472856107. http://books.google.com/books?id=TYI4f6fqrfkC&pg=RA5-PA226&dq=Stropharia+ambigua&ei=pn98S5vCE5SoNobogcYH&cd=10#v=onepage&q=Stropharia%20ambigua&f=false.
- ^ a b c d Arora, David (1991). All That the Rain Promises and More: A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Ten Speed Press. pp. 126. ISBN 9780898153880. http://books.google.com/books?id=87ct90d4B9gC&pg=PA126&dq=Stropharia+ambigua&lr=&ei=JIZ8S-GoO5CwMveV1cQH&cd=15#v=onepage&q=Stropharia%20ambigua&f=false.
- ^ a b Arora, David (1986). Mushrooms demystified: a comprehensive guide to the fleshy fungi. Ten Speed Press. pp. 378. ISBN 9780898151695. http://books.google.com/books?id=L-4ajFDPlxgC&pg=PA378&dq=Stropharia+ambigua&ei=pn98S5vCE5SoNobogcYH&cd=3#v=onepage&q=Stropharia%20ambigua&f=false.
- ^ K. Miller, Orson; Miller, Hope (2006). North American mushrooms: a field guide to edible and inedible fungi. Globe Pequot. pp. 256. ISBN 9780762731091. http://books.google.com/books?id=zjvXkLpqsEgC&pg=PA256&dq=Stropharia+ambigua&ei=pn98S5vCE5SoNobogcYH&cd=9#v=onepage&q=Stropharia%20ambigua&f=false.
- ^ Multiple authors (1986). Poisonous plants of California. University of California Press. pp. 53. ISBN 9780520055698. http://books.google.com/books?id=GDpCNKm7xTQC&pg=PA53&dq=Stropharia+ambigua&lr=&ei=mYh8S-yXEoOgM-mQjaIH&cd=22#v=onepage&q=Stropharia%20ambigua&f=false.
- ^ Stamets, Paul (2000). Growing gourmet and medicinal mushrooms. Ten Speed Press. pp. 12. ISBN 9781580081757. http://books.google.com/books?id=y1fnacRg1AYC&pg=PA12&dq=Stropharia+ambigua&lr=&ei=JIZ8S-GoO5CwMveV1cQH&cd=11#v=onepage&q=Stropharia%20ambigua&f=false.
[edit] External links
Media related to Stropharia ambigua at Wikimedia Commons
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Stropharia ambigua |
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