Suffolk County, Massachusetts
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Suffolk County, Massachusetts | |
| Map | |
 Location in the state of Massachusetts |
|
 Massachusetts's location in the U.S. |
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| Statistics | |
| Founded | 1643 |
|---|---|
| Seat | Boston |
| Largest city | Boston |
| Area - Total - Land - Water |
120 sq mi (311 km²) 59 sq mi (152 km²) 62 sq mi (160 km²), 51.32% |
| Population - (2007) - Density |
723,684 11,692/sq mi (4,538/km²) |
Suffolk County is a county of Massachusetts. As of 2007, the population was 723,684; an increase from its population in 2000 of 689,000. The county seat is Boston, the state capital and largest city.[1]
Contents |
[edit] History
The county was created by the Massachusetts General Court on May 10, 1643, when it was ordered "that the whole plantation within this jurisdiction be divided into four shires". Suffolk initially contained Boston, Roxbury, Dorchester, Dedham, Braintree, Weymouth, and Hingham.[2] The county was named after Suffolk, England, and means "southern folk."[3]
In 1731, the extreme western portions of Suffolk County, (which included Uxbridge), were split off to become part of Worcester County. In 1793, most of the original Suffolk County except for Boston and Chelsea (which remained in Suffolk) split off and became Norfolk County. In 1803, the coastal towns of Hingham and Hull separated from Suffolk County and joined Plymouth County. In the late 19th century, Boston annexed several adjacent towns that were in Norfolk and Middlesex counties, resulting in an enlargement of Suffolk County.
[edit] Law and government
Like an increasing number of Massachusetts counties, Suffolk County exists today only as a historical geographic region, and has no county government.[4] All former county functions were assumed by state agencies in 1999. The sheriff, district attorney, and some other regional officials with specific duties are still elected locally to perform duties within the county region, but there is no county council or commissioner. (Immediately prior to the abolition of county government, the authority of the Suffolk County Commission had for many years been exercised by the Boston City Council, even though three communities in the county are not part of the city.) However, communities are now granted the right to form their own regional compacts for sharing services.[5]
[edit] Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 120 square miles (311 km²), of which, 59 square miles (152 km²) of it is land and 62 square miles (160 km²) of it (51.32%) is water.
[edit] Adjacent Counties
- Essex County (north)
- Norfolk County (south)
- Middlesex County (west)
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Essex County | |
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| Middlesex County |  |
Massachusetts Bay | ||
 Suffolk County, Massachusetts  |
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| Norfolk County |
Suffolk County has no land border with Plymouth County to its southeast, but the two counties share a water boundary in the middle of Massachusetts Bay.
[edit] National protected areas
- Boston African American National Historic Site
- Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (part)
- Boston National Historical Park
[edit] Demographics
| Historical populations | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Census | Pop. | %± | |
| 1790 | 44,875 |
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| 1800 | 28,015 | −37.6% | |
| 1810 | 34,381 | 22.7% | |
| 1820 | 43,940 | 27.8% | |
| 1830 | 62,163 | 41.5% | |
| 1840 | 95,773 | 54.1% | |
| 1850 | 144,517 | 50.9% | |
| 1860 | 192,700 | 33.3% | |
| 1870 | 270,802 | 40.5% | |
| 1880 | 387,927 | 43.3% | |
| 1890 | 484,780 | 25.0% | |
| 1900 | 611,417 | 26.1% | |
| 1910 | 731,388 | 19.6% | |
| 1920 | 835,522 | 14.2% | |
| 1930 | 879,536 | 5.3% | |
| 1940 | 863,248 | −1.9% | |
| 1950 | 896,615 | 3.9% | |
| 1960 | 791,329 | −11.7% | |
| 1970 | 735,190 | −7.1% | |
| 1980 | 650,142 | −11.6% | |
| 1990 | 663,906 | 2.1% | |
| 2000 | 689,807 | 3.9% | |
As of the census[6] of 2000, there were 689,807 people, 278,722 households, and 139,082 families residing in the county. The population density was 11,788 people per square mile (4,551/km²). There were 292,520 housing units at an average density of 4,999 per square mile (1,930/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 57.76% White, 22.24% Black or African American, 0.39% Native American, 7.00% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 8.17% from other races, and 4.38% from two or more races. 15.52% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 15.3% were of Irish, 11.1% Italian and 6.4% West Indian ancestry according to Census 2000. 66.3% spoke English, 14.5% Spanish, 3.1% French Creole, 2.4% Chinese or Mandarin, 2.2% Portuguese, 1.7% Vietnamese, 1.6% Italian and 1.3% French as their first language.
There were 278,722 households out of which 23.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.30% were married couples living together, 16.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 50.10% were non-families. 36.30% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 3.17.
In the county the population was spread out with 20.20% under the age of 18, 15.10% from 18 to 24, 35.50% from 25 to 44, 18.10% from 45 to 64, and 11.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 93.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.50 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $39,355, and the median income for a family was $44,361. Males had a median income of $37,174 versus $32,176 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,766. About 14.90% of families and 19.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.90% of those under age 18 and 17.00% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Cities and towns
[edit] Notes
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. http://www.naco.org/Template.cfm?Section=Find_a_County&Template=/cffiles/counties/usamap.cfm. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
- ^ Davis, William T. Bench and Bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, p. 44. The Boston History Company, 1895.
- ^ Thomas Cox, Anthony Hall, Robert Morden Magna Britannia Antiqua & Nova: Or, A New, Exact, and Comprehensive Survey of the Ancient and Present State of Great Britain, Volume 5, (Caesar Ward and Richard Chandler: London, 1738), pg. 171 (accessed on Google Book Search, June 22, 2008)
- ^ CIS: Historical Data Relating to the Incorporation of Counties in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
- ^ See also: League of Women Voters page on counties.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Suffolk County Sheriffs Department
- Suffolk County District Attorney
- Suffolk County Registry of Deeds
- Walling & Gray. 1871 Map of Boston, Suffolk, County and Nearby Towns Pages 48-49 from the 1871 Atlas of Massachusetts.
- National Register of Historic Places listing for Suffolk Co., Massachusetts
- Map of cities and towns of Massachusetts
- 42°21′32″N 71°03′28″W / 42.35892°N 71.05781°WCoordinates: 42°21′32″N 71°03′28″W / 42.35892°N 71.05781°W
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