Sulfinoalanine decarboxylase

sulfinoalanine decarboxylase
Identifiers
EC number	4.1.1.29
CAS number	62213-10-9
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles

In enzymology, a sulfinoalanine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.29) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

3-sulfino-L-alanine $\rightleftharpoons$ hypotaurine + CO₂

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 3-sulfino-L-alanine, and two products, hypotaurine and CO₂.

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the carboxy-lyases, which cleave carbon-carbon bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase (hypotaurine-forming). Other names in common use include cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase, L-cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase, cysteine-sulfinate decarboxylase, CADCase/CSADCase, CSAD, cysteic decarboxylase, cysteinesulfinic acid decarboxylase, cysteinesulfinate decarboxylase, sulfoalanine decarboxylase, and 3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase. This enzyme participates in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, only one structure has been solved for this class of enzymes, with the PDB accession code 2JIS.

References

• Guion-Rain M-C, Portemer C, Chatagner F (1975). "Rat liver cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase: purification, new appraisal of the molecular weight and determination of catalytic properties". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 384 (1): 265–76. PMID 236774. 
• JACOBSEN JG, THOMAS LL, SMITH LH Jr (1964). "PROPERTIES AND DISTRIBUTION OF MAMMALIAN L-CYSTEINE SULFINATE CARBOXY-LYASES". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 85: 103–16. PMID 14159288.