TPAL (medicine)
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TPAL is one of the methods to provide a quick overview of a female's obstetric history.[1] Two other methods often used are gravida/para and GPA.
In TPAL, the T refers to term births (after 37 weeks gestation), the P refers to premature births, the A refers to abortions, and the L refers to living children.[2] The TPAL is described by numbers separated by hyphens. Multiple births (twins, triplets and higher multiples) count as one birth.
For example, a pregnant woman who carried one pregnancy to term with a surviving infant; carried one pregnancy to 35 weeks with surviving twins; carried one pregnancy to 9 weeks as an ectopic (tubal) pregnancy; and has 3 living children would have a TPAL annotation of T1, P1, A1, L3. This could also be written as 1-1-1-3.
Note, the "abortions" number refers to the total number of induced abortions and miscarriages or ectopic pregnancies prior to 20 wks. If a fetus is aborted after 20 wks, spontaneously or electively, then it is counted as a premature birth and P will increase but L will not.
The term "GTPAL" is used when the TPAL is prefixed with gravidity, and "GTPALM" when GTPAL is followed by number of multiple pregnancies.[2]
[edit] References
- ^ http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/obgyne/tools.pdf
- ^ a b Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice Series: Assessment (Lippincott Manual of Nursing Practice). Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006. pp. 385. ISBN 1-58255-939-2.
[edit] See also
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