Talk:Silesian language

Silesian language does not equal Silesian dialect

Because someone obviousely mixed it up, I added, that the Silesian language discribed here, is totally unrelated to the german dialect before WWII. Because in Germany the term "Schlesischer Dialekt" (Silesian dialect) still is used for this nearly died German dialect this hint should be given in text. But, I propose, that this article primarly shoud be used for the current Silesian language, spoken by the mayority in this area _today_. Steven, Germany 82.82.117.221 22:50, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

I don't know which side (there may even be more than two sides) to believe here, so I'm going purely with the Ethnologue classifications. If you want to convince me that Ethnologue is wrong, then attempt to do so using neutral and credible sources. Otherwise, I'll keep reverting both sides.

• http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=SLI
• http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=PQL

Daniel Quinlan 22:56, Nov 3, 2003 (UTC)

three languages with the same name -> that should be expressed

Obviously we are talking about three (!) languages/dialects with a similar name know (1. slawonic language, 2. polish dialect, 3. german dialect). All of them may be correct, but I think that should be expressed in the text. Naming just the German dialect is escapist. Steven, Germany 82.82.117.221 22:57, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Your conclusion is not obvious to me at all. I see:

• A Polish dialect, Upper Silesian — in the Slavic language family
• A Germanic language, Lower Silesian — in the Germanic language family

The second some may consider to be a dialect and the first some may consider to be a language, but I'm choosing to go by the Ethnologue reports which seem to be the most credible and neutral source available. Did you read the Ethnologue reports? What is the third language/dialect that you see? Daniel Quinlan 23:12, Nov 3, 2003 (UTC)

Naming, even it is not correct!

Even it is not the same it could be mixed up. Therefore it is indicated to name both, also the polish dialect.

Upper != Upper, Lower != Lower Silesian (-: Language!=Dialect?

The third one was named by Grzes above. I don't know about its background.

I just can tell, that I have both upper (grand father) and lower silesian (grand mother) (german) relatives (expulsed in the 1950ies). Both groups spoke a german regional dialect (Oberschlesisch=upper silesian german dialect // and // (Niederschlesisch=lower silesian german dialect, which you may name "Lower Silesian language"). Because a Gerhard Hauptmann link in the article exists, I can tell you that this is the dialect of my Grandmother. She always called her dialect just "Schlesisch" (Silesian).Of course today you will find an upper and lower silesian regional dialect of polish in the area that may have the same name. Perhaps -- even though you are right scholarly -- you should post your article putting in these commentarial details to avoid mix-ups. Steven 82.82.117.221 23:26, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

---

Please protect the page!

Since there seems to be a disagreement, I propose to protect the article. Perhaps other voices of language experts should discuss "Silesian language" in this Talk area. To propose a compromise, in the article should both be named the nearly died "german dialect" and the now spoken "polish dialect" to avoid confusions, adding the hopefully generally accepted scholary view of the linguists. Steven 82.82.117.221 23:49, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

No need to protect, the content of the Lower Silesian language is perfectly OK. I reverted because I wanted the contents of the previous page back, andwhne I wanted to return to your version, you stepped in. I am sorry I made you angry. I will abstain from editing The Lower Silesian lang page. Thank you CC, 23:56, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

I was asked to protect this page, which I have done, primarily to stop it being moved until the correct title can be ascertained. Angela 00:01, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

Now I'm a little bit confused. Therefore I will stay away for some hours, too, to see what has happend here. (-: Steven 82.82.117.221 00:04, 4 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Questions

This page is about the Germanic language/dialect, not the Slavic language/dialect. The Slavic one is currently located at Upper Silesian. Please don't rename it. I probably should have moved the Silesian language article to Upper Silesian instead of here, but let's forget about the history and just try to figure out the right solution for both pages. My initial questions are:

• is "Lower Silesian", the Germanic dialect/language, still spoken?
• is "Upper Silesian", the Slavic dialect/language a dialect or a language? Ethnologue is quite clear that they consider it to be a dialect, but some people here seem to be quite firm in the belief that it is a language. We can and should, of course, list both views on that page. I respectfully suggest that we not do that just yet, though, and perhaps allow a neutral person who does not have a firm opinion to make those changes.
• are there better English names for either? What does UNESCO, Ethnologue, or another plausibly neutral organization call these languages/dialects?

I may have additional questions as we proceed. Thanks for your patience. Daniel Quinlan 00:16, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

I want to support this approach and want to add the following questions:

• is the english term "Lower Silesian language/dialect" (what ever it may be) used for the german dialect that "Gerhard Hauptmann" spoke and that was spoken until WWII or is it used for the polish dialect spoken today in the part of Silesia that was former german Lower Silesia? Or is it even used for both? The same question for "Upper Silesian".
• the german terms "Oberschlesisch" (literally Upper Silesian) and "Niederschlesisich" (literally Lower Silesian, also just "Schlesisch") both were used for german dialects spoken in the region. Is the literal translation to english wrong and is there as claimed a distinction between _slawic_ Upper Silesian and _german_ Lower Silesian (which I doubt).
• As I know "the Lower Silesian in Hauptmann's sense" still is used between Dresden and Görlitz in Germany (which is part of the german state of Saxony today but belonged to the german state of Lower Silesia until WWII) and a small german minority in (polish) Silesia, because of expulsory it is only a small rest. Can anyone confirm, that "Hauptmann's Silesian" is not completely dead off?

I want to stress, that this is not a political discussion, but a discussion about linguistic terms in english. Steven 82.82.117.221 00:33, 4 Nov 2003 (UTC) t"

---

To begin to answer my questions:

• It seems that the term "Silesian" may be more commonly used than "Upper Silesian".
• I am getting the impression that "Lower Silesian" may be extinct, perhaps we can figure that out later.
• Most signs point to "(Upper) Silesian", the Slavic language, being a dialect of Polish rather than a language. However, it seems that many Silesians believe it is a language. I think the page discussing the Slavic language (Upper) Silesian should not be named either a "language" or a "dialect". So, for the time being I would propose:
  • move the current text of Upper Silesian to Silesian without further modification for now
  • have redirects point from Silesian language, Silesian dialect, Upper Silesian, Silesian ethnolect point to Silesian
  • leave Lower Silesian alone for now

Daniel Quinlan 01:45, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

---

Silesian region, Silesian nation and Silesian language

I don't necessarily agree with all the quotations below, but I think they will explain much.

Culture, language and traditions of Silesia

The majority of the ethnic Silesians,who live only in Upper Silesia and make up about 40% of the Upper silesian population speak Silesian – a tongue which is stil not codified. It can be branched out into several dialects used rather in rural areas. In the future a Silesian-Polish dictionary i due to appear – an initiative of persons forming the Silesian Academic Association. This may lead to the codification of Silesian. The Silesian tongue, a hybrid of Czech, German and Polish, although almost on the verge of extinction, is still used by the native Upper Silesians.

Silesians are Roman Catholics – only in the southernmost part of Upper Silesia, Lutherans make up the majority. The Silesians are a very religious community – they are active in their parish life and attend religious celebrations in great numbers. Every year the Silesians attend pilgrimages of which the most important are the Workers` Pilgrimage to the Sanctuary at Piekary Slaskie and Men`s Pilgrimage to the St.Annaberg`s Sanctuary.

St.Annaber which is situated right in the centre of upper Silesia is the cultural and religious symbol of the Silesian identity.

The Silesians have always loved music. Nowadays many people still play traditional Silesian melodies in hundreds of music bands all over Upper Silesia. Particularly brass-bands are very popular among Silesians, that like lively melodies. They can also boast of many groups that maintain the traditional Silesian dances.

Cultural actions are essentially conducted by the very active regional movements, as for instance Silesian Academic Association (Slaski Zwiazek Akademicki) – an ally of the Silesian Autonomy Movement.

Ruch Autonomii Slaska publish a monthly “Jaskólka Slaska" where texts in Silesian often appear. It also sponsors prizes for winners of the Silesian dialect competiotion held every year. Activists of the Silesian Academic Association put much emphasis on the regional education – in fact their main aim is a formation of the Upper Silesian intelligentsia that would care much more about regional affairs. Many of the regionalists work in regional newspapers, magazines and radios, where they promote Silesian culture, traditions and language.

It is notable that the silesians, after forty years of communist and state indoctrination, are now witnessing the revival of the Silesian folklore.

http://www.rams.pl/ras/RuchAutonomiiSlaska/eng/culture/CultureLanguageTraditions.htm

This seems to support the "Upper Silesian" name for the dialect/language that we are talking about. However, while some Silesians may view themselves as German-Silesians and some may view themselves as Polish-Silesians, I haven't seen anything that would indicate more than one active Silesian dialect/language. Daniel Quinlan 21:07, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

Silesians are Roman Catholics – only in the southernmost part of Upper Silesia, Lutherans make up the majority. - I'm Cieszyn Silesian --(and Lutheran as well, however we, Lutherans are not in majority, so for me this Silesia Autonomy Movement text is far from real situation in my home part of Silesia)-- not Upper Silesian, I speak Cieszyn Silesian dialect, we feel quite distinct from Upper Silesia, and Upper Silesians, and most of us declare thememselves as Poles, even patriotic, and the tounge of our ancestors will propably always be for as a dialect of Polish, not seperate language, no matter of official codifications... Regards, D_T_G (PL) 13:02, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

Jynzyk Siloonski - Silesian language

This shows a proposal for the Silesian language spelling. I don't think it is accepted widely, but ceirtanly this is not Polish, or Polish dialcet.

http://www.republikasilesia.com/silesia-club/jynzyksiloonski.html

This site is known of being full of extremistic views... D_T_G (PL) 13:02, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

Sample of the Silesian language

This sample is classsified as Polish (Silesian) which shows its undecided status. http://www.language-museum.com/p/polish-silesian.htm

Struggle for the Silesian nation recognition

Dear Friends,

Silesians in Poland make up a community of more than one million people. Nonetheless, founder-members of a minority movement, the Union of Population of Silesian Nationality, had to appeal to the European Court of Human Rights after the Polish Supreme Court ruled in 1998 that a Silesian nation does not exist. One of the biggest national minorities in Central Europe must now wait for a verdict of the European Court, which will rule whether Poland is obliged to recognise our nationality.

Although the Republic of Poland ratified the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, Silesians are officially regarded only as an ethnic group within the Polish nation. According to sociological research, about 15-20% of Upper Silesian people regard themselves Silesian, and as a nation separate from Poles, Czechs or Germans, but are refused official recognition by the State authorities. Moreover, those people are considered “separatists without national awareness”, in official propaganda.

Most likely the European Court will rule on our case in this spring or summer. We believe that the verdict will coincide with principles set out in the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, of which implementation by national/European structures we consider much more important to minorities than merely its ratification.

We kindly ask you to inform members of your association, party, your compatriots, governments of your region/nation and state, about our struggles and the situation of Silesians. Your assistance will be a great honour to us.

Yours sincerely,

Foreign Department of the Silesian Autonomy Movement www.raslaska.org

---

FOR RIGHTS OF SILESIAN NATION !

EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS STRASBURG MAY 17th, 2001

Silesians in Poland make up a community of more than one million people. Nonetheless, founder-members of a minority movement, the Union of Population of Silesian Nationality, had to appeal to the European Court of Human Rights after the Polish Supreme Court ruled in 1998 that a Silesian nation does not exist. One of the biggest national minorities in Central Europe must now wait for a verdict of the European Court, which will rule whether Poland is obliged to recognise our nationality. Although the Republic of Poland ratified the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, Silesians are officially regarded only as an ethnic group within the Polish nation. According to sociological research, about 15-20% of Upper Silesian people regard themselves Silesian, and as a nation separate from Poles, Czechs or Germans, but are refused official recognition by the State authorities. Moreover, those people are considered “separatists without national awareness”, in official propaganda.

ABOUT SILESIA

Silesia is a Central European country partitioned between three states: Poland, the Czech Republic and Germany. It consists of two historical regions: Lower and Upper Silesia. Its area is 44.992sq.km (Lower Silesia - 26.592 sq.km. Upper Silesia - 18.400 sq.km).It borders Saxony and Brandenburg (Germany), Wielkopolska and Małopolska (Poland), Moravia and Bohemia (the Czech Republic) and Slovakia. The capital and the largest city of Silesia is Wrocław (Breslau). Silesia`s other major cities include Legnica, Goerlitz, Opole (historical capital of Upper Silesia), Katowice, Gliwice and Opava. At present three artificial regions exist in Silesia, which respect neither regional traditions nor historical boundaries.

POPULATION OF SILESIA About 8 million people. Nowadays ethnic Poles, descendants of Polish new settlers who moved to Lower Silesia after 1945, constitute more than 95% of Lower Silesian population. The situation is different in Upper Silesia, where about 40% of the inhabitants are ethnic Silesians. The Upper Silesian population consists of ca. 25% of people of Silesian nationality (about 1 000 000 people), 10% of Germans and about 65% of Poles. Moravians and Czechs also live in the Czech part of Upper Silesia.

ABOUT SILESIANS

Under the communist regime/1945-1989/ the Silesian were either forced to leave their motherland or become Polish. According to historical research more than 90% of Lower Silesians /of German nationality/ and about 50% of the Upper Silesian population had to leave their homes and move to Germany. The rebirth of the Silesian nationhood and autonomism took place in late 1980's due to democratic changes in Poland and in the Central Europe. Nowadays the Silesian Autonomy Movement, the Upper Silesians' Association and the Silesian Academic Association are very active movements advocating autonomy for Silesia.

OUR GOALS Our main purpose is to protect our own identity. We will vigorously oppose all attempts of assimilation against our will. At the same time, remaining faithful to Silesian tradition of openness, we declare our readiness to cooperate with all national and ethnic groups living in Silesia in order to develop this land in every respect. Together with regionalist and minority groups, we will promote the model of a society diversified nationally, culturally and linguistically. A society whose keystone is common rights and civic liberties. We want to see a state that acts as a guarantor of these rights and not as a bureaucratic machine strangling the freedom of the individual. We proclaim categorical war on all forms of collectivism and centralism. By signing the Council of Europe's Framework Convention for the Rights of Minorities, Poland indubitably moved in the right direction. However, we believe that modernising Polish society will require developing new approaches to issues of honouring and guaranteeing national and minority rights. This becomes a stronger imperative with the European unification process.

Since we believe in justice we hope that the European Court of Human Rights will not deprive our nation of a right to be recognised as such.

http://www.republikasilesia.com/RAS/index.html

---

I don't necessarily agree with all the above quotations, but I think they will explain much.

1. The Upper Silesian population consists of ca. 25% of people of Silesian nationality (about 1 000 000 people) (...) -> where did you find such a statistics? I fought that only 173 000 Silesians declared Silesians nationality, I'm native Silesian, and I don't feel a part of Silesia nation, I'm not lonely with such declaration, and it doesn't change anything, I was, am, and always will be Silesian :) 2. We will vigorously oppose all attempts of assimilation against our will. and I will oppose all attempts of intruding Upper Silesian identity to Cieszyn Silesians, it's our choice, our freedom of the individual... Regards, D_T_G (PL) 13:02, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

Vandalising activities of some editors

I have nothing against the Lower Silesian language page, but I am very confused and angry that someone tries to destroy my work, destroy the history of my work, and tries to destroy backup copies of the materials I find valuable and informative. It is understandable that every editor has the right to make his/her contributions but the activies of renaming, redirecting that result in erasing the consecutive versions of the document can be named no other that VANDALISM

CC, 19:15, 4 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Redirected articles still have a history and old versions are still available. Redirecting and moving articles is not vandalism. Your activity of creating additional articles to avoid discussing the issue makes it very difficult to proceed. You appear to be unwilling to work with other people to figure out what should be in the article (or articles) and calling people vandals is not helpful either. If you want to make "backup copies" because you don't understand how to use the history mechanism, do it in your own User namespace, not in the main article namespace. Daniel Quinlan 21:02, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

Thank you very much for your help. As I am quite new to this project may I ask a simple question: where are stored the historical versions of the Silesian language, Silesian ethnolect pages I made yesterday, and where are my contributions to the Talk pages of the respective articles. cc, 21:21, 4 Nov 2003 (UTC)

First, I'm as neutral a person as you're going to find: I have a long-standing interest in languages and I'm not Polish, German, Silesian, or Czech. The stored copies are exactly where you left them. Go to Silesian ethnolect: click on it, you'll be redirected. Click on the page title again and you'll get the redirect page, then click on history and you can look at old versions. However, if you restore the material or create a new page without discussion and agreement from othere, and I will almost certainly revert your changes. Please help us figure out a consensus here. If you want to work on your ethnolect page in the meantime, please do it under your User page. Thanks Daniel Quinlan 21:36, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

I created it for you. Your last version of Silesian ethnolect is located at User:cc/Silesian. The page is not close to NPOV, though, so I doubt it would be accepted at Silesian. And please nobody create any new pages until we all agree. Just use Silesian for now. There are too many pages already. And cc, if you want to delete it, go to WP:PSPTBD. Daniel Quinlan 21:45, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

National Census of Poland 2002

 ?? comment Nationality, not Language nor Ethnicity

my comment: language is one element of nationality and etnicity

According to 2002 national census, Poland had 38 million 230 thousand inhabitants.

The largest national minorities are (declared nationality): * Silesian 173,200

• German 152,900
• Belarusians 48,700
• Ukrainians 31,000
• Romowie 12,900
• Russians 6,100
• Łemkowie 5,900
• Lithuanians 5,800
• Kashubians 5,100
• Slovaks 2,000
• Jews 1,100
• Aremnians 1,100
• Czechs 800
• Tatars 500
• Karaims 50
• other 24 350

Declarations of the first language used at home (data only for the Silesian Voivodship:

• 48,200 German,

* 40,200 Silesian

Constitution of Poland guarantees the rights of the national and ethnic minorities, but there are no clear difinitions of the two.

For example the Silesians demand the national minority status, and the Polish government is denying this status, arguing that only those groups that have their own states are called nations (like Germans, Belarusians, Ukrainians) and the Silesians can only receive the ethnic minority status.

Another problem are the Kashubians - some 200,000 people in Pomerania. The official standing of the Kashubian-Pomeranian Union is that the Kashubians are a separate ethnic group, part of the Polish nation. Because in the last census there was only qustion for nationality, and no question for ethnicty, the authorities asked the Kashubians to declare the Polish nationality. Some of the activists asked to declare Kashubian nationality and 5100 of them have done so.

In my opinion the situation of the Silesians is similar, but not the same. Some of the Silesians feel that they are of Silesian ethnicity part of the Polish nation, others feel they are of Silesian ethnicity part of the German nation, while there's a significant group feeling that they are just a nation of Silesians.

The problem will be resolved in the next national census if there are two questions for nationality and ethnicity. But ceirtanly some of the Silesians nationals speaking Silesian langauge remain. cc 19:20, 4 Nov 2003 (UTC)

That's true, I would even add that many Silesians feel Czechs at Czech Silesia (more or less 10 000 of Czech Republic's citiziens declared their nationality as Silesian, most of them where Czech-speakers from Opava Silesia, (not Silesian-spekers - quite interesting, isn't it? Actually they even don't speak Lašsky...), many of native Silesians from Czech Republic at Czech's part of Cieszyn Silesia (see: Zaolzie) feel Poles, and some feel Poles and Czechs in the same time, very insignifican't amount of Czech Cieszyn Silesians declared Silesian nationality, although there it is fully voluntary, I know quite a lot native Silesians from there who find themselves a Polish patriotics, nice chaos, isn't it? :) Cheers :) D_T_G (PL) 13:28, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

---

German-Silesian and Polish-Silesian dialects

In my view we have to distinguish the "german-silesian dialect" that nearly died off during expulsory after WWII (my grandparents spoke it until they died) and the "polish-silesian dialect" which seems to be a polish dialect and is spoken in Silesia today. As far as I read, this polish-silesian dialect is called language by silesian autonomy movements, while linguists say, it is just a polish dialect. I would recommend, that there should be just an entry "'silesian dialect'" in which it is said, that there are existing both polish and german dialects namend "silesian" which are not related, but have the same name by accident (perhaps with links to german-silesian dialect and polish-silesian dialect). Since I don't know about the polish-silesian dialect I don't know if it is a language or a dialect of polish. In case of the german-silesian dialect I know, that it is just a dialect of german and splitted into lower and upper silesian. upper silesian was much more influenced by polish words, but was a german dialect, too, and understandable for me (I told you that I had relatives from "german" Silesia). If in Poland the polish-silesian dialect is splitted into upper and lower silesian, I don't know. Obviously today in the polish dialect (or language?) is no distinction. Perhaps someone from Poland can tell us that. 82.82.117.221 20:51, 4 Nov 2003 (UTC)

---

Anotherway Focus here. It is that I have polish-silesian grandmother and a anglo-german (thecombination..) - silesian Father with keltic-jewic background.. they lived in UpperSilezia. It is not as black and white as each of the 2 above discribed.. By timeline from 2400 years ago Silesia had keltic 'city'names and tribes, after Rome invaded ab.2000 yearsago jews (mixedform renamed(as first!) jiddic) came andpartly melted partly stayed in groups there. These2 later with intermix at spots with (few) gypsies, remained main core of a Shlunski, later germanic and slavonic influence pushed or forced the kelticlanguage of this once 'nation'(f.ex.under King Barbarossa)and intermixed-nationality of Kelts-Jews-'Lombards'(mix)-Jor's(Bohemean kelts). France(Napoleon),England(after defeat of Napoleon), Sweden, and many tribes, crossed or stayed or intermarriaged here. In Polish periods re-polish-ize, in german time re-german-ized, in French time a try to introduce even French.. Due the isles multitude of languages that changed at areas aswell at times in more than suggested groups. In Fact theRuler takes the color; now polish is stronger present in both Silesias, but before 1937 it was not, in fact aswell in North Lower as in South Upper Silesialands you have distinguishes ar byond the 2 named 'inrealities'; friendly explained; in fact the river neisze-odra was a north to south line, the farther off to west the more german and the farther east the more polish was spoken in the mid it was more to it score,kelticand jiddic in a preereed polish or germanic, czech,moravic, gipsy or mostly jiddish-jewic colour and mixes,but often a combination o mostly all, in centerwest a French enclave around Gracze and around Nowy Chapel..(New Chappel) an english {of former Wellington soldiers marrying polish, jews and french..), many words are between jewish,keticand polish and slavic; 'nowy' nears old-netherlan-dish (I avoid 'dutch'[from 'ditch'land; all area from Kent UK unto S. Danmark,Benelux and Germany; Lowland, a very general wordo land and its of course 'ordinary' people,as.. adverbium)]}. But 'neue'(new), and slavic 'nowe/y'(new), were in mediaval times like english sometimes written similar in almostall these tongues; 'novy' oldnetherl.= n(i)y[v]e; [yv>w]'y+v'=w in mediavaltime. OldSilesian textsread partly as old jiddic and oldgerman too. Influence of all groups were more equallier shared but now while many jews, really keltojiddic (core-)silesian (w.mixed polish-german) and germans and germo- and slavo- silesian are/were chased out in diferent ways, new tongues formed and more-polish-ized it became. Origanally thus Keltic, later jew-keltic, later lombardic-, aswell slavo aswell germanic -at Farmers level-,french,swedish, danish, hungarian .. andenglish came in -too!-,in their still existing regions french and english still is to distinguish,although deormed to more polishized silesian.

Upper Silesia had unto aswell 1/4 -roughly- slavic aswell 1/4 germanic as well 1/4-1/3 core-shluenski -as being kelt&jiddic-in generally, In Lower Northwest Silesia, Sorbic(=mixslavic)+Sachsen-inluence isup to 40-55%, in NE Sorbicisup to half, in SW+S Bohemian(Jor-kelto-germanic mix with czech,mohrav & slowak later-intermix) with isles of polish and german and shluenski (mixed to both sides but in core keltswith jiddic intermix).. And more.. By this 'more near polish' or 'more near german' generalizing or in overall or whole region or -part is not just. Also Time and if including or excluding the hidden 'other' (more) groups, depends.

A Mozaic a' Pur! Etnologic this or 2000 years mostly(2/3) keltojiddic people with in such long time a (grown,like each other) language unto 1937,is a nationality, and as mix of more recognized languages in a level of above 30% of both slavic as german as jiddish (many polish,german, otherlingual words fixed to and from jewish word-roots or -parts) we do not speak any more of merged dialects but of merged laanguages-language! (Dutch +international language andetnity view!) So the roots aren't of the neighbouring -in past 'oppressors'- but of their own. Adding of Pre-silesian (keltojiddic(w.lombardic)), Meso-Shilinger (Mezo-Silesian; with slavic and german influence) here adding W.more german), centrali(more merged, co-melted) or E.(more polish) of Neisza-Odra, in North more Sorbic (gothic=SEswedic) inluence or more South more polish or Bavarian or Franconian[aswell german aswell latter-french gallo(=kelto)-(germ.mix-)frankmix) inluence instead of Saxon(Sachsen)].

Linguistic I was taken to more partso Silesia, where are more to jewish/jiddish, moretopolish, more to germanor just Shluenski spoken; the real (core/alt/ur)shluenski ispartly a mix but mostly a melt, like French came out of romanlatin and northgerman and keltic-gallic as a melt/merged product; 'Nous allons, gay,..' from hebrew 'anu'('anagnu')=we, all..=latin for 'to go/move on', 'gay' in french = glad (a german derrived word); '-ons' from old '-uns'/ -urs(ours)= ours!, greek(britons from once greek Troy in West of UK,romans in its South, germans from East upto Mid, dutch in Kent (SW) and South-Norwegian(=Anglons) with Mid-Saxon(Middannish) and Up'saxon(SW Swedes) were overnumbering to the restant(remaining), the juton danes in Midcentral of UK, formed the actual english,a mix of all these backgrounds.

For some hebrew is an arab, or visa versa,and jiddic a german language, if only seen by similarities,with an flair of partiality influenced and by sololateral multiview hindred spectra; Fact is that both hebrew aswell arab comes from 1 same pre-tongue(language), abrahamic (a'rhamic[a'ramic,shorterform], not to confuse with ara'mic..), howeverscript came from Libanon were C'[k]ittim (=Cyprus; Kittim=greeksubtribe) people called them Phoenicieri according to one of the made-god's of their folk, and script as well quadrat form were as trade scripts by many other nationalities likeilistine=palestin (Genesis10, Cham-- subson Cashluch his subson Filistin(arabname)=Philestin(oldhebrewname)=Palestine(english + old-roman)), Libanese(Kittim-phoeniciers), jews, ishmaelite- and other arabs.., humoristicly. Mohammed introduced the graphicline-script, which is not originalarabic scripstyle, theolder; which was phoenician, oldsyraic, old egyptian and carthagenic scripts, tongue where ishmaelite (other than clasic arabian); near moabite dialect, in core Midwest and SW Jordan. Like we have not our own old-frisian like runic or gothic scripts, anymore but a lend from Rome script who lend it from Greek, before etruskic alphabet. Latium derived rom aswell etrusk, german,israeli and greek; old greek differs from new greek.

All occupiers used term 'Silesia' and made them "one of them".Like UK is 1 People by Nation;nationalpeople: But in fact they are all regionally very different to etnicity and linguistic is another story and if more than 25-30% mixed to another language it isalanguage,i same rate and over to another dialect, it can be viewed as a new or other dialect than its neigbouring. More factors come to it.

The actual 'propaganda' is like those of past, where it, makes from a distinguished people's group, that is proven to be a people internationally, for example in the 1930s by 'etnicconditional'laws, one out of them; like Napoleon, Ceasar, Stalin and the mustache, they called all in their empire the citizen of their 'main-set people'... After 1977 Poland and Russia insisted of further resetting all names to polish in Silesia,like in Czechoslovakyia to their tongue, in fact the real silesian,the majority,rejected aswell thebraunkirts aswell by them as alied later were punished twice,only of similarities or familyship to german or jiddish, not respected ithey were goodhearted,while good and bad was+is in each land and folk. Forceing a culture down like here, likein Baskland or once dutch now re-Frenchized Flanders, isalso 'occupation', aswell itwas by Germany aswell it is by Poland, Czech.Rep. etc.; Silesia is split in 5or6, 7/9th of population led to Israel, USA and Germany.

Another reason; 1945-1948 over 1 million has been brutally murdered. many also of inocent somejews and local-polish. Stalin has its Agenda. Many Poles,especially those from Ex-East-Poland (nowWhite Russia and FarWestUkraine) where put on trains and sent in Silesia to become new people there in placeo the millionsogermans and keltojiddicsilesians, many romthemalso fled but 1/9th.. stayed! This decolored thedialects too, to Post20th CenturySilisia(n).

Dispite Dolf made majority of Camps just Here, it was cause due just stress-His, Idea; British Army Investigation Service found out that 87%-97%(rural to landarea) was antibraun (and antired); like a sticker ix-on they were marked twice; aswell natzis aswell reds persecuted, most in pogromstyle, both. So historically they were not embrased by both of the neighbours PolandandGermany who both later said aswell that silesians were theirs aswell ignored if from one of the 2 other. This too, makes them a people, driven out from the rejec-tions. Many want to be'political' or'cultural' correct, or own.. instead of putting Truth and Character - and -more- independence / sovereinity or Silesia higher.

It is an area of Change, 'blood-and-tears' on all sides, but also of a beautiful harmony and hapiness mosaic, of the same involved peoples. I talking on this pitily one need that whole palet to show the why and depths... of a thing like dialect or language.. As Test: Scottish is that a dialect or language..,Frysian, Dutch,.. ??! Why? Scottish isnot English however there is a scottish-english variant besides Scottishown language! Most Words, more as 30% aredierent from the only partly familiar tongue. In Silesia more co-silesiadialects are used besides the kelticandjiddish based silesian/shluenski words -many alabets created!- withslavic,german,other andcombinational (over)fixing! Another example of transcedencialgoing to a new word out of german and polish and jiddic [and keltic]; the silesian has of both. Sial'kowice (pol.)= Shalkow-itz(silezian/jid.)= Schalkendor (german).

Actual "silesian" is of all folk in the now-(re)polish(d) province of 'Silesia', most from 1946-Eastpoland immigrantso what now is White Russia and Poland. Etnic of those -the most- who before 1946 never lived in Silesia are now only geographical-silesian. Like a chinese-briton in London. All Siles.cities has also a silesian-shlu(e)nski name. Note that also here (in Holland about 5-8 peoples! unit-ed,uniFied once!) the history make-d the languages due longroad 'own'development factors (special intense ones). [Waerner from Holland, my parents were jew. anglogerman- and polish- kelto-jiddic / Core-'Silezian'].

=================

We have that now. Silesian is about the Slavic (nearest to Polish) dialect/language and Lower Silesian is about the Germanic (nearest to German) dialect/language. We can rename them later. Right now, I think we should focus on the content of the pages. Daniel Quinlan 21:50, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

Also, could you replace some of your long cut-and-pastes with links to external articles? They make the discussion page too long! Daniel Quinlan 21:50, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

Revised article

I revised the article about the Slavic dialect/language at Silesian, adding information from the old ethnolect page. Please comment on Talk:Silesian instead of here. Daniel Quinlan 22:25, Nov 4, 2003 (UTC)

Lower Silesian language? It's a dialect.

Lower Silesian language (a "germanic dialect" spoken in former german Silesian and parts of Saxony) is not a language. It's just a german dialect. Therefore it should be called Lower Silesian, since ("polish") Silesian is not called Silesian language. Guillermo

Page was stolen

This page was stolen. The first 3 original edits by User:CC in Lower Silesian were made under the name of Silesian language

My intention was to write and article (from neutral point of view, mentioning various facts and theories) about the Silesian language spoken by the Silesian people living in the region of Silesia. A couple of editors who didn't like the content first tried to delete the page, and when this attempt failed, they have erased the content and replaced it with a stub about the Lower Silesian dialect of German. Next the page the page was moved to another location: Lower Silesian. All other Silesian pages and their Talk pages have been redirected to this new Lower Silesian page. Despite my desparate attempts to restore the original content under (Silesian language or Silesian ethnolect) all these pages were erased without any discussion redirected to this new German dialect page (and this happened several times).

After this manipulation was done it may look like that it was me who makes most of trouble. If you look at the history of the Lower Silesian the first impression is that a Polish nationalist is erasing imformation about a Germanic dialect, and there's no information that the first 3 edits were made in a very different page under another name (Silesian language).

As it seems to me that the Silesian language page and its history was stolen by the LowerSilesianGermans and the history of my edits have been viciously manipulated, I demand that:

• the history of my edits of the Silesian language return to the right place
• my name is not listed on the Lower Silesian edit history

The only way to to this is:

• Lower Silesian page contents should be stored in a safe place
• Silesian language page (redirect now) should be deleted temporarily
• Lower Silesian page should be moved to its original location: Silesian langauge
• new Silesian language page should be constructed by compiling the previous submissions from a couple of editors
• new Lower Silesian page should be constructed from scratch using the saved content

cc, 23:25, Nov 6, 2003 (UTC)

Um, no. Pages get moved around in Wikipedia. Don't take it personally. Please focus on the current articles, Silesian and Lower Silesian. Also, Steve is claiming that there are 4 Silesian dialects in total (two Slavic and two Germanic), but I have seen no other sources for that, so two pages seems correct to me. I'd appreciate your opinion on that. Daniel Quinlan 23:49, Nov 6, 2003 (UTC)

---

Four Silesian ethnolects or tongues

In my opinion there are 4 ethnnolects or tongues that are called Silesian:

• Silesian language, a Western Slavonic language spoken by the Silesian people, in half way between Polish and Czech languages, with some German influences;
• Upper Silesian dialect of Polish language spoken by the Polish people living in Upper Silesia, in half way between Polish standard and the Silesian language;
• Lower Silesian dialect of Polish language belonging to the so called new mixed dialects spoken by the Polish people in Lower Silesia;
• Lower Silesian dialect of German language mostly extinct, but possibly spoken by the German minority in Polish Silesia

I don't know if there is/was also an Upper Silesian dialect of German.

My suggestion is:
Silesian language about the Silesian language
Lower Silesian (of German language) about Lower Silesian of German
Lower Silesian (of Polish language) about Lower Silesian of Polish
Upper Silesian (of Polish language) about Upper Silesian of Polish

Silesian - disambiguation page
Lower Silesian - disambiguation page
Upper Silesian - disambiguation page

cc, 23:50, Nov 6, 2003 (UTC)

---

Please see the books on various Silesian languages: http://www.herder.uni-marburg.de/cgi-bin/acwww25/regsrch.pl?wert=jezyk+slaski+*&recnums=52073:61422:73836:82391:83931:83937:88237:88539:91801:92090:93702&index=4&db=bibl_p

Please note that the Marburg University has no doubt about the existence of the term Silesian language

---

Could you show any grammar examples, that it is german dialect? Look for pl:gwara śląska on pl wiki (this is another dialect, but with examples and small dictionary on pl Wiktionary). I live on Silesia region and don't know what it is Silesian German. Przykuta 08:30, 3 September 2006 (UTC) Nevermind, my mistake. Przykuta 18:31, 3 September 2006 (UTC)

---

Yes, there is a German dialect group specific to Upper Silesia (and one specific to Lower Silesia).

Furthermore, what you guys don't seem to be aware of is that there is another Slavic language used in Lower Silesia: Upper Sorbian. (It is also used in Germany's state of Saxony.)

Today I added the Upper Sorbian version of the Lord's Prayer to the Silesian, Polish and Czech ones. This was unceremoniously reversed as "irrelevant" or "non-factual" or something like that. If you had taken a look at it you would have noticed that the Silesian and Upper Sorbian versions shared features that the Polish and Czech versions didn't have. Aside from that, the two languages are used in close proximity from each other while Polish and Czech have only been administrative languages in the area.

Sassisch (talk) 04:14, 11 May 2008 (UTC)

Name

According to [1], this is "Lower Silesian". Unless other sources are provided, I suggest moving this to Lower Silesian or Lower Silesian language.-- _{Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus | talk}  20:29, 6 August 2007 (UTC)

A cursory glance suggests to me that SZL is the current Silesian language (West Slavic language / Polish dialect), while SLI is Silesian German. Ethnologue has an article for SLI at [2], but there is not yet one for SZL. Rather, "Upper Silesian" is listed as a dialect of Polish (POL). Olessi 00:13, 7 August 2007 (UTC)

Passed link is old data [3], ISO confirmed language. This service is embarrassment, they contain data from Wikipedia - the same mistakes (example [4]). On this service to be to base can not. I am for transfer to Lower Silesian language. LUCPOL 09:47, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Which article are you in favor of moving to Lower Silesian language, this current Silesian language (SZL) or Silesian German (SLI)? I presume you mean Silesian German, but it is better for you to be specific. Olessi 16:43, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Silesian German (SLI) moving to Lower Silesian language. LUCPOL 17:40, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Sources

This article doesn't quote any academic article stating there exists Silesian language. It's not the place for you comments about me or any language - your should quote serious sources.Xx236 08:27, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

I have found one article http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?04PLAAAA0020438, however it says probably (I know only the summary) that the Silesian language doesn't exist yet, it would be eventually created by synthesis of Polish and German dialects.Xx236 08:45, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Yet there are no academical sources in article, but the sources of official organizations of languages are already - of Library of Congress and international organization ISO. This will suffice. Not academical sources officially recognise language, but international organizations. LUCPOL 12:29, 9 August 2007 (UTC)

Still - no academic source confirming the existence of Silesian language. Xx236 08:27, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

10,878 people in Czech Republic declared Silesian nationality

So we have two Silesian nations. Do they speak the same language?Xx236 09:44, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

Czech Republic doesn't reckognize Silesian nation, it was discussed in detail on Polish wiki along with sources. However I have seen calls for "Silesian patriots to work on Wikipedia" to users on RAŚ forum site, so most Silesia related articles could be a bit biased if they listened and are active.--Molobo (talk) 23:26, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

The Wikinews article has it wrong

The Library of Congress is about the ISO 639-2 and an ISO 639-3 code has been granted. Given that szl is according to the request mainly a spoken language, it is even unlikely for it to get a 639-2 code. Thanks, GerardM (talk) 07:04, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

Requested move

I undid the redirect that User:Pudelek made [5] because the proper thing to do is to move the page. Otherwise, the article history "starts over" so to speak. Apparantly, this can't be done without an administrator now. — Ƶ§œš¹ _{[aɪm ˈfɻɛ̃ⁿdˡi]} 22:06, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

I have fixed the issue (I hope).--_{Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| talk} 00:03, 8 April 2008 (UTC)

Thanks! — Ƶ§œš¹ _{[aɪm ˈfɻɛ̃ⁿdˡi]} 00:07, 8 April 2008 (UTC)

Numbers

The number of people who identified themselves as Silesians by nationality in the Polish census was 173, 000 and not 0,2 mln. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.106.128.119 (talk) 14:16, 15 May 2008 (UTC)

1. Be written "~0,2 mln" (about 0,2 mln), not exactly "0,2 mln"
2. "173,000" this is "~0,2 mln" (about 0,2 mln)
3. Silesia not only lies in Poland.
4. "173,000" is data only from Poland.

LUCPOL (talk) 14:25, 15 May 2008 (UTC)

Then:

1. Quote the sources which state the number of Silesian speakers in the Czech Rep. Because for Poland 173 000 is not "about 0,2 mln", and why should we use an approximate number if the Polish census gives a definite number.

2. From what the article says there are about 10 000 people in Czech Rep who identify themselves as Silesians, so it still does not add up to 0,2 million.

3. First and foremost - if you want to keep 0,2 million then change the sentence which refers specifically to the Polish census of 2002 and in the form below is simply a blatant lie:

"According to the last official census in Poland (2002), 60,000 people declared Silesian as their first language (native language), and about 0,2 million people declared Silesian nationality. " —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.106.128.119 (talk) 09:29, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Reverts

My revert was not based on a different opinion. I will be happy to believe that what the article claims is the concensus; however, your preferred version, LUCPOL, names only one source (for a relatively minor statement). The LACK of concensus is also referred to in the Dialect vs. language section. Please name your sources; otherwise, I will have to revert to the Britannica-sourced version again. —Daniel Šebesta {chat | contribs} 15:49, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

This page on Britannica is not current source. Silesian language was recognized in July 2007, this side from Britannica be not actualized for several years. Now (present day), main argument for dialect is opinion polish linguists (not all, because part supported already language). LUCPOL (talk) 16:01, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

As I said, I will be happy to believe all that—once you are able to cite some verifiable sources. I don't have any preference in this dispute; I just wish to have a chance to verify what the article claims. If no newer sources exist or if you or other supporters of the current article version are not able to cite them, we have to make do with the out-of-date (as you claim) Britannica article. —Daniel Šebesta {chat | contribs} 16:24, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

Ahhh. I see that you are not informed in situation completely. In article exist large template {sources}. This is there, to all users helped to seek current sources. Writing current sources to article not should alter form of article. The present version of article is the consensus. Written here arguments for language and dialect. We should only add sources to whole text. LUCPOL (talk) 16:39, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

OK, I added sources to article (together 20). LUCPOL (talk) 20:11, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

Excellent! —Daniel Šebesta {chat | contribs} 21:56, 30 June 2008 (UTC)

Sources for number of speakers

The source for "Total speakers: > 1 250 000" is Omniglot, which is not reliable. It's a personal site. Its maintainer does a good at documenting a lot of different alphabets, but unfortunately he's better in quantity of languages than in quality of fact-checking.

Another - totally unsourced - claim is "the total number of Silesian speakers exceeds two million", which is a bit of contradiction with the "> 1 250 000" claim.

The claim "According to the last official census in Czech Republic, 10,878 people in declared Silesian nationality" doesn't seem outrageously wrong, but it also must be sourced or deleted.

I couldn't find any data about number of speakers at Ethnologue.

On a personal note - i totally support the development of regional languages, and i have absolutely nothing against the Silesian language or the people who built the new Wikipedia in it, but data in this encyclopedia must cite reliable sources. No sources = no data. --Amir E. Aharoni (talk) 13:10, 28 July 2008 (UTC)

I contacted Simon Ager of Omniglot and he says that the source fo rhis numbers is Wikipedia. I am removing this data, because such a circular reference is not the right way to work.

Feel free to restore the information with a reliable source. --Amir E. Aharoni (talk) 08:28, 30 July 2008 (UTC)

Polish census

I tried to find the exact source for this claim:

"In the 2002 Polish census 173,200 Silesians declared that they belong to the Silesian nation, and 60,000 of them declared that at home and with family speak in the Silesian language"

I downloaded the PDF, but couldn't find where it is. Can anyone please point me to the page that says it? --Amir E. Aharoni (talk) 10:15, 30 July 2008 (UTC)

The census is unreliable. Some of the Polish speakers declared themselves as Silesian speakers and vice versa. I've been to Opole many times, but never heard any Silesian being spoken. Although I happened to hear a lot of German being spoken around there. Shannon1488 (talk) 16:27, 8 March 2010 (UTC)

From the Palestine Post, the former name of The Jerusalem Post, with combined jew and arab indep. aswel dep. non- and gov. influence (but still reliable by freechecking by its -most- 'censor freekept' Editors), this; i have a jubileum book on through-the-years front-pages until 1930's: 'Census held in Silesia', British and French involvment (own checkers); their ciffers were different to Polish and German official figures, but unofficial were often (like british-abroad and unfiltered/uncoloured) here, the better ones. Not a little part of history is often by suggestion and unchecked, many believe on base(basement) of 'I can/will not miss that!' as cultural richness. If you hear that some says in Kentucky USA they say 'worr' instead of 'wire', you could say not to believe for you not know or not cheked: "If i see no chinese or scottish.. in my life, they do not exist?". Sometimes there are no checks or there are disagrees (also State Propaganda for Reason); it can be truth or truth is halfway or quite different. In a pole the Question and -style and possible threat (stalin example) depends the answer, one can influence an answer. By traveling in Poland's Area of Silesia I know there are more than 5 Tongues, but many dare or will not want speak on street to avoid quarrels with nationalists(I experienced live). There are International Rules to type a tongue(nutral) as dialect(part of one or mix of languages with 'own' soundfalls and words; 15-30% distinguish words aswell sounds). Above 40% different and -mixed words make a language. Time and Number of People requested (or excluded, for (no)reasons..) deform ciffers too.

A Short Pole after a Anti- or Pro- Campaign plays on feelings of fear or love, a singular count is less reliable as multious or more (often at least 2), 500 (in which area, -skipped?) requested or 50.000 requested gives different ciffers! Independent polish and international interval checks (same pole) gave differences. Nationalists and communists still have in Poland and had in Germany deforming influences, ciffer-change remarks were persecuted. Counting Holocaust victims was done up to 35%, by corrupting flesh and desease outbreakchance, the Red Cross used with german, polish, ur-silesian(keltic), british and jew.help a photo-squaresurfacecomparation-technic, so in short a counted group was projected on remaining at a Photo of the whole heaps by a counted partialheap (fractory-math); The count stopped at about 3 million, by high-acuracy -controlled by tests on a little surface- math formule, the number is brought to 6-7 million jews (Internat.RedCross - source).

Questions that can rule out more meanings in answers are: By blood for more than 1 or 2 centuries in Silesia, cultural a- or active, speaking of shluenski or shlonzk too?, -not names!-, immigrated 1874-1928, 1928-1944, or 1945-1961, 1961-..? Living more than 10 years makes a newsilesian, more than 80 years an older and more than 120 years an old/original inhabitant, bloodlines to kelt/jiddic leads to factual original/ ur(orig.)silesian. -- Are your parents of non- or import poles/germans/czech/.., or jewic or gypsy minority ? Are/were they of old-shlunski(kelto-jiddic)/ shl"asinger(germ.siles.; also in Up.Sil.!(real facts 50-50 almost, many 3-lingual; polish-german-shlunski!) / shlonzk(westslawon.)/ polish (Westslawic) / german / jiddish (i'national w. jewish&german in most mix & de-formed (60% of) words)/ czech-polish-jiddish-jor&germanmix SE region ? Are you dispite/thank to this pro polish, pro german, pro indep. Silesia or a combination? Are your kids married to one or more nationals; Poland, CFR, SFR or Germany 'nonsilesian' -determinated sorts see above- or regional innersilesian of same own identity or also one of the others ? These questions, if not manipulated by state-PR (=propaganda) or persecutions/pressure/chantage, notified by internationals, it is good. Besides Silesia, Podolia-Wolhynia, Gothic(semi-swedicized) Masuren-Pomeria(Gotheria) North and Galicia for example are also important language and peoples regions.

In Israel (i speak a little jew. and arab) more than 1 israeli tongue and grammar(some inofficial) is spoken, i cannot denie before I visit: So in Silesia's Corners Like in arab dialects and lànguages! The 'First' Daniel knows a lot but like not few he (respected as person) took easy over the extreme-polish-idea, .. Like internationaly Dantzig(Gdansk-Gdynia) region was reset to polish sentiment to Gdanks after 1978, before Breslaw and Danzig in english were -by also good reasons- -aswell standards- kept. Also UK and USA saw the 1937 border as official, even impartial, while also former EastPoland(bigger) as polish seeing, now WhiteRussia and Ukrajna. Danzig was Guw Danskrig (Region of Danmark) as Hansatown (a in former time by Danmark ungov. leaded freecities aliance), most were once danish, but like meazels or spots polish farmers and german hired folk and spiritualleaders mixed in, from (..)1921-1939 it was not german & not polish but by France checked free-indep.state/nation, partly in Germ. adm.deputies (too into polish Cemly/2ndHous).. So in 1939 only an island with germanname (Wester-..) and polishpostoffice -begot by pressure once-,due its weapons in basement and prewar resistance, the attack was by german kz-prisoners in polish dress as forced-actors, on both sides a theater act of unfair play. (sure)90% spoke a dialect most to german unto 1937, before it was danish, the outskirts 50%(a guess!) were polish. On both sides former danish were.

While Inhabitant Silesians of before 1939 will divide Silesia in about 7 regions with many sub ones for languages know that international ciffers of dec.1937 shows the river oder as an invisiblelanguageline-visible border; the farther East more polish (than 1/3 of silesians) in dialects in the words (lexographia) is spoken -then, those days- and the more west german 40%, in center many speak eachother tongue and in main one of the many mix tongues; jiddish(jewish&keltic origin born as core in central Silesia, more german or polish(northslaw.) or slawonic or gypsy or sorbic(westslaw.; in North). All are called silesian by international linguists(!1937) as regional name, with a degree or percentage/lang.name figuring which language it most nears. Czech, Morav.(Ostrow/Ostrau/Ostrava),

Slovak, anglo-, french-(center) influenced-, polish, german, shlonzk(westslaw.), schlaeshing(germ.nider&upper variants! visiting & determinating will only learn, polish nationalistic gov. erase the international growing view of own identity, like some nat'list-germans did too once)..

many dialects. A Swiss or a Dutch or Britton or Israeli or Arab.. Many dialects and languages and where twisted(disagreefight:) nutralum Tongues is used. More West East than N.-S. had been the divisioning, not sharp but as usual, slowly overgoing to other tongue colorit(-colours). Hibrid is 'Silesian' in base. New-Silesian or Slawo-silesingk is actual westslavon, different from polish as northslavon; alike Scottish or scot-gaelic from English or ultraorthodox from other jews or arabs, like Iraqi speak different than Marocan arabs, and Frisian or Lowersaxon Dutch different from High dutch (as languages! not dialects!:) according more than 40% of words(alone) different!, in the personal streettalk. Like immigrants in West Europe, Old silesian (divised in dif.languages aswell subregional dialects) can choose 2 options, an apatical racial 'out with unwanted'(whoever) or -i prefer next:- peacealcoexistence by harmony and swiss-cantonal-style recognition. Luxemburg and Swiss flowed in peace most centuries by mozaic while others like Belgium or Qu'ebec did not; difference-reason: In Switzerl. f.example equal validated are eachothers views and tongues most can speak eachothers fluently.

Like 'Dutch'=Lowlander or Ditch(in oldengl.+oldnetherl. also with out water, trenchland with waters or fruitible lowland) had another meaning in 17th century; from Kent to Vienna and Denmark lived in a "Dutch"land; by the way, not 1 Holland state but a united of many existed, dutch was not meaning 'netherlaendish'(nederlands) as today: Silesian/Shilinger/etc. means in before 1937 something different, aswell before 1961.. It can be confusing just to say Silesia or American; Mexican, Canadian, USA or Argentinan ? old, intermezzo 1937-1961 or new meaning? Many keep what they've learned, some fisher hardnecky keep saying milibar instead of -after 1980s- hektopascal.., fahrenheit in stead of more mondial celcius or scientific kelvin.., Gut/Guw Danskrige, or Dantzig instead of Danzig or Gdansk.

Of course in Bible -for the (non)believers [a spirit is not evoluted]- israelian changed filistin=palestine towns and visa versa, but exceptions.. Towns were a highviolence-worship existed were banned by death and fire "on God's Words", but some not.. Measured was the harmonic and peacefull wilingueness 'of locals to Israel and its God' those days, so Jebusites and few Palestine kept also alive, other tribes Shaul failed to bann and begot a right by saving by Lord. Generalisation holybooks here denied: "each dies+miss due personal transgressions, if unregretting -per person- upto .. generation.." Silesia was split during the centuries and lost territory to many neighbours. Dutch now are Hollandmen, but 'Pennsylvania dutch'(by miswriting centuries ago) is just newenglandamerican of german origin..

Between 17-19th Century Men in Kent, NorthFrance Flanders and 1815-1830 folk in Belgium were named dutch. Confusionalnames or theories are by mood by times uptaken to Standards, one should carefully disconfusionate by co-words explaining more, like new and old Silesian(geogr.name) of morepolish or more german or -also!- mixed or jiddic, sinti/roma/jor(bohemian), etc. - tongues.

--(New/Old) Silesian Languages & (sub)Dialects (and a lexographic scient.defination i can give+gave partly) is a consensus solution on title with more redirect links on the 7 main regions. Forgotten interbellum-war facts: "Katowitz/Katowice region was kidnaped by Russian-Polish troups in 1921-1922" (cutting it off)from Silesia. Tesschen/Czyn/.. was farlongago bohemian-moravian with saxon and polish influence and -rule temp. later, many polish jews polishized region in many ways, but like in Belgium the language-line/border changed, identity deformed, reformed,..

-- Russian were once possesed by Great Polish Empire (with beauty and good flair) but its rule exchanged for the elite a semi-turkicdialect into a slavic oldpolanic-polish tongue, which as easternslavonic develloped separate, although the blood and script were resp. are non-slavic (in Bible oldhebrew; Togarma is slavonic, with brother Ashknaz is Alto-Germanic (whole)westeurope, and brother Riphat keltic and orig.gypsy(via egypt, bohemia and greece), with Gomer as father (Genesis 10) but Magog=Russia (Bas[h]an; Russia in oldtimes lied in N.Jordania) -oldhebr./oldarab-. In Turkey arab alfabeth like in Persia was given, but theire race or tongue is not! French is a derriviation of old-franconian(=alt-sigambruare) like dutch is, in France mixed with 45% latin and 20% almost gaelic to a new language. So this depends too.

--Sharing that a rate or facts are twisted wit a reference site, is healthy for honest opinion. It is hard for pro polish or pro germans, like pro or contra indep.(fr.Irel./UK) Ulster, arabs or jews, etc. to pull off their influenced(conditionated) coloured glasses from eyes and see in a new angle, unmixed with (false= egocentric) favoured/filled-in opinions. 'Silesian' as only that polish dialect supports at least the pro polish lobby that wish to call it all Polish, like the ultra extreme use of a word of -pole as pre or affix, as if affraid to loose a place or to protect fearfully.. But.. to only point on a prewar german majority violates also the perspective which was like a rainbow with lot of "Swiss" segments. Majority or officialness is not my measure alone.. otherwise 'the reich' of mr mustache is to justify due its 'majority' (figures twisted) and 'reich officialness'.. also. Impartial ground is worth as gold. In a country of blinds OneEye may rule as King, a dutch saying tells..

Add Versions not 'far away' "moved off" but in one or two tabs; so view A and B and a nutral C opion and a Sientific D tab (with both twisted and indep. figures aswell). (Polish+German+Anglo- Silesian(as keltjiddic originalbranch member/roots/visitor of Silesia and dutchnational). Waerner from Netherlands. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.208.30.39 (talk) 00:55, 3 July 2010 (UTC)

Picture

I have two comments to shown picture (Languages_of_CE_Europe.PNG):

1. The picture looks like the border of Czech republic are unocupied. This looks like Sudetenland (before WWII ocupied by German speaking people). Here would be some Czech dialect.
2. On this picture is shown Ostrava and its region in G1 (Silesian). There is spoken by one of dialects of Czech.

This looks like POV (for Silesian language). Zagothal (talk) 13:25, 8 October 2008 (UTC)

How many together-named language "twigs" are on different "branches" such as this?

Lower Silesian is a Germanic language and Upper Silesian is a Slavic language, it seems uncommon that two language branches would titled the same, so lumped together, when they are in fact different language families entirely. Is this unique among English language classification of other languages; two being classed together by name that are actually apart in terms of overall language relation? 4.255.55.201 (talk) 18:07, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

The names are purely geographical, so it's not that surprising that they belong to different language groups. (Mind the terminology: they do belong to the same family, namely Indo-European.) For another example, Scots and Scottish Gaelic, both of which are often called just "Scottish", also belong to different IE subfamilies. — Emil J. 18:24, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

Another one: Macedonian and Ancient Macedonian. — Emil J. 18:35, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

I remember how Edith Stein described how in her youth she was proud to be able to communicate both in the Polish and German dialects of the Silesian language. Stan J. Klimas (talk) 23:23, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

Phonology?

Can somebody please add a phonology section, there's four different writing-systems described, without a mention of how they're pronounced. Also, please clarify the problems of using Polish orthography, the example is confusing, is polish 'ź' not the same as Silesian 'ź'? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.127.77.254 (talk) 17:00, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

tadzikowy muster

In tadzikowy muster we can find dz', dzi, drz placed on digraph row, they never can be digraphs because they has got three caracters, and they contain respective digraphs ("z'", "zi", "rz"). I think they are trigraphs. Pasqual (ca) · CUT 16:24, 18 July 2009 (UTC)

Dubious speakers number

User:LUCPOL changed previous information on speakers in infobox from 'no data/~56000 based on census in Poland' to 1250000 and gave reference to nonverifiable source. This is a major change and should be referenced with proper verifiable and reachable resources. User:LUCPOL also wrote in references his own opinion on census in Poland not giving any reference to support his opinion. This is clearly WP:REDFLAG situation and therefore these changes made by User:LUCPOL should be reverted.--83.242.88.168 (talk) 09:16, 12 May 2010 (UTC)

I've been to the so called Silesian language area many many times. Trust me.... hardly anyone speak the language currently. You will hear more German than Silesian spoken around that area. Shannon1488 (talk) 19:19, 21 September 2010 (UTC)

Silesian is (not) a dialect of Polish

I have bad news for the authors of this article. Silesian is a dialect of Polish language not a separate language. Only some of Silesian nationalists consider it to be a language on its own, whereas linguists state that it is a dialect and what is more not the most distinct one (Mazovian differs more from literary language). I will provide relevant sources to this article and please, note, that Silesian German has also an ISO code and that cannot be an argument for separateness of an ethnolect. --LingVista87 (talk) 19:03, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

Silesian-Polish war continues? For long months (to november 2010) was peace and Poles - LingVista87 came. Again Silesian-Polish war. Again, again, again Poles. You do not have to look for sources for "dialect of Polish", there are many such "Polish" sources (many of the communist period, the rest based on them). Polish sources in this matter is very biased and very incompetent. As always with the occupiers. Formerly Germany occupied Silesia, now Poland. Waiting for non-polish!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! sources and non-polish users. Stop Polish nationalism, propaganda and compulsory polonization. Need to combat the polish plague. LUCPOL (talk) 19:38, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

But there are NO ACADEMIC/SERIOUS SOURCES that would state that Silesian is a language. Understand it! You know very well that I am the creator of this artificial consensus "etnolekt śląski" on Polish Wiki, which now I regret because it didn't change anything, ie. "Silesian" hatred to other Poles. Kazimierz Nitsch, who created Polish dialectology lived before the communist period, he even couldn't have a chance to learn what it is. Noone used this as an argument, this is one of many Silesian lies. Silesian-Polish war? Huh? Silesian are Poles (not all, I know), SILESIA IS IN POLAND! You will not change it. --LingVista87 (talk) 20:07, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

1. Polish and (unfortunately for me) Silesian and German sources about Silesian language is very biased and very incompetent. Poles, Silesians and Germans are a party in a case. Only count source neutral (American, English, Spanish or other).
2. "Silesian-Polish war? Huh?" - can see that you're a new user, there was a war from 2007.
3. "Silesian are Poles" - can see that you're a dunce, only part Silesians considered to be Poles, rest is Silesian (separate nation), Germans and Czech. PS. Now, mostly Silesians live in Germany (3-5 million, however in Poland - only 0.8 to 2 million).
4. "SILESIA IS IN POLAND! You will not change it." - can see that you're from cave or moon, Silesia lies in Poland, Germany and Czech Republic. Not only Poland but you as poles try to use propaganda and lies. LUCPOL (talk) 20:37, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

In Germany? Oh, boy! That's an amazing discovery! --LingVista87 (talk) 21:02, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

It's true, actually. See Upper Lusatia, which is historically a part of Silesia, and nowadays part of Germany. -- megA (talk) 23:18, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

I think that best would be change according to article on plwiki (arguments for/opposite to Silesian is separate language). Best regards from Ostrava Zagothal (talk) 07:52, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

You arw rong. Original Silesia borderd on the Bobr river and is entirely within modern Poland with some bits in Moravia (Czech Rep). Lusatia was a separate region for 1000 years. Parts of it were artificially annexed by Silesia during Prussian reign in 1815. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.129.242.29 (talk) 11:16, 27 August 2011 (UTC)

"Hoc est in polonico"

Read the latin source. Medieval author of this phrase cysterian monk Peter from Henryków monaster noted "Hoc est in polonico" ("In Polish").

"Bogwali uxor stabat, ad molam molendo. Cui vir suus idem Bogwalus, compassus dixit: Sine, ut ego etiam molam. Hoc est in polonico: Day, ut ia pobrusa, a ti poziwai." - Book of Henryków Liber fundationis claustri Sancte Marie Virginis in Henrichow 1270

I add also source - digital orginal latin text. Here is the link - http://digital.fides.org.pl/publication/834 . All was removed by author LUCPOL (talk) . The Book of Henryków (1270) is the earliest document to include a sentence written in Old Polish language. Pernambuko, (talk) 12:14, 14 January 2011 (UTC)

Precise data, some sources etc there are in article Book of Henryków. In the article Silesian language to be only additional data ("wzmianka") about Book of Henryków. LUCPOL (talk) 17:30, 14 January 2011 (UTC)

User LUCPOL is a staunch pro-German nationalist from Silesia. He was expelled from the Polish Wiki for his continuous violations of the code of conduct and aggressive demenour. So don't worry Pernambuko - the fellow has a clear nationalist agenda and polonophobic bias. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.141.191.66 (talk) 11:32, 5 February 2011 (UTC)

Orthographies

Silesian Wikipedia has a link to this, is that an orthography some szl-Wikipedians made up one day and are now proposing for szl-Wikipedia articles? If it is anything more established than that, perhaps this (English) article should mention it. It might help to explain the presence of no less than six different kinds of o on that page – namely, o ô õ ō ŏ ǒ (ǒ possibly being a typo for ŏ). I don't even know which orthography/orthographies that proposal is written in, so what I also don't know is if all those os come from the proposed orthography or from several different systems not currently covered at en-Wikipedia, such as Grzegorz Wieczorek's system. Haven't seen all six kinds of o together in mainspace, though – for example, this article contains only plain o. --84.46.58.102 (talk) 22:18, 23 February 2011 (UTC)

"The same thing is with the diphthong uo ([wɔ]). According to the Polish orthography it must be transcribed unetymologically as ło"

I don't recognize such a rule. It can be transcribed as "uo" and it will be totally correct. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.184.227.140 (talk) 17:24, 30 September 2011 (UTC)

Tomasz Kamusella a linguist?

Tomasz Kamusella is an interdisciplinary expert, which doesn't mean he is an expert in trdaqitional linguistics. The Polish article calls him a "Sociolinguist". Xx236 (talk) 13:25, 19 October 2011 (UTC)

POV - a group of dialects

The alleged language is in reality a group of dialects. Let the Silesian people decide, which one of them is the language. The article doesn't quote Jan Miodek, a linguist from Silesia. The language has only 5 000 words and some Silesian people speak standard Polish using Silesian phones, what Miodek calls Masztalski-language (masztalszczyzna). Masztalski is a fictional Silesian miner. (Many Poles tell allegedly Silesian, Goral or even Czech jokes.) The alleged Silesian Bible is a 100 pages long selection of Bible stories, not a theological translation. Xx236 (talk) 13:32, 19 October 2011 (UTC)

The fact that Sorbian languages is becoming extinct also does not mean that it is not a language of its own.

How many Sorbian words exist? Do the Sorbs demand an authonomic land and Bundestag seats?Xx236 (talk) 13:05, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

Funny, that the same can be heard from Hungarian nationalists about Slovak language. Cimmerian praetor (talk) 13:16, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

Slovak language has quite a big vocabulary and Hungarian isn't Indo-European, so the situation is totally different. Do you mean that Slovaks used to use Hungarian vocabulary (a creole language) the way some Silesian activists use German vocabulary? Now rather Hungarian minority in Slovakia has problems rather than the Slovak one in Hungary.Xx236 (talk) 06:36, 21 October 2011 (UTC)

The article selectively quotes listed sources choosing opinions supporting the "language" option and ignoring the Contra ones.Xx236 (talk) 09:55, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

I have the opposite feeling, that the article is very much biased towards "dialect" sources.

It's not the matter of feeling but of facts. The quoted texts include both Pro and Against opinions, but only Pro are quoted. If you have your sources you can quote them but selecting 50% of the text is POV. Presenting a politically active "sociolinguist" as an academic liguist is also a manipulation. I'm also the same kind of a "socio-something" like Kamusella is.Xx236 (talk) 13:02, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

• [6]Xx236 (talk) 13:13, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

The above discussion mixes up Silesian nationality and language.

As far as I know Polish Silesians in Czech Republic speak their dialect but claim to be Polish. The Silesian language project exist in Poland and has separatistic political roots.Xx236 (talk) 14:05, 19 October 2011 (UTC)

You are wrong. There are people who claim Polish nationality as well as those who claim Silesian nationality within the Czech Silesia. The Polish nationality is mostly claimed by people living in Zaolzie, which is only a fraction of Czech Silesia. Elsewhere in the Czech Silesia, mostly only recent (past 20 years) Polish immigrants claim Polish nationality.

One of the reasons of strong Polish nationalistic feelings from Poles in Zaolzie is rich cultural and educational life they enjoy here, which is purely connected with Polish nationality and suppresses any mention of Silesian. That is also the problem in Poland, that Silesians are not free to declare their nationality, nor to start their own political parties.

Last but not least I would like to remind you the interwar situation. First the Polish government was claiming, that the locals are Poles, but when the Polish army invaded area together with Nazis in 1938, the locals were considered not trustworthy enough to be given full citizenship rights (connected especially with the right to run municipal policies by themselves).

Greetings from a Silesian from Zaolzie! Cimmerian praetor (talk) 11:22, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

Poor discriminated "Silesians" in Poland... They have exactly the same rights as I have but they want more and I'm against discriminating of me by "Silesians".

No, they don't. Poles may register "Polish national party", Silesians cannot register "Silesian national party" (at least not in Poland, they may do so in the Czech Republic). Cimmerian praetor (talk) 13:16, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

Do the bad Poles have any serious "Polish national party"? The last one LPR was a mixture of nationalism and Roman catholicism, now zero seats in Sejm or Europarlamaent. The only enemy of "Silesians" are themselves, read their texts. But as I have written - the politics isn't exactly the same what linguistics is. Let Silesians write good books or screenplays to create the language.Xx236 (talk) 06:49, 21 October 2011 (UTC)

What is this [7], page 9, "Dzień dobry, ludkowie złoci"? If it's Silesian, it's too much Polish. It's not standard Polish. It's not Czech.Xx236 (talk) 12:57, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

The Silesian Wikipedia contains only 1973 short articles.Xx236 (talk) 14:08, 19 October 2011 (UTC)

Óndra Łysohorsky wrote in Lach dialects, so he did't help to create a common Silesian language, did he?Xx236 (talk) 09:51, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

a project of a new law

There are hundreds of them, generally not mentioned here, so the information should be removed.Xx236 (talk) 09:37, 20 October 2011 (UTC)