Talk:Timeline of first orbital launches by country/sandbox

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Historic[a] Date (UTC) Country Satellite Rocket Location Current[b]
099 1 January 1900 099
1 4 October 1957  Soviet Union Sputnik 1 Sputnik-PS Baikonur, Soviet Union (today Kazakhstan) 399 —[c]
2 1 February 1958  United States[d] Explorer 1 Juno I Cape Canaveral, United States 2
3 26 November 1965  France Astérix Diamant A Hammaguir, Algeria 299 —[e]
4 11 February 1970  Japan Ōsumi Lambda-4S Uchinoura, Japan 4
5 24 April 1970  China Dong Fang Hong I Long March 1 Jiuquan, China 5
6 28 October 1971  United Kingdom Prospero Black Arrow Woomera, Australia 199 —[f]
199 —[e] 24 December 1979 European Space Agency[g] CAT-1 Ariane 1 Kourou, French Guiana 3[e]
7 18 July 1980  India Rohini D1 SLV Sriharikota, India 6
8 19 September 1988  Israel Ofeq 1 Shavit Palmachim, Israel 7
299 —[c] 28 September 1991  Ukraine[h] Strela-3 (x6, Russian) Tsyklon-3 Plesetsk, Russia 8
399 —[c] 21 January 1992  Russia Kosmos 2175 Soyuz-U Plesetsk, Russia 1[c]
9 2 February 2009  Iran Omid Safir-1A Semnan, Iran 9
10 12 December 2012[i]  North Korea Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2 Unha-3 Sohae, North Korea 10

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ The ten entries that are numbered indicate the instances of successful indigenous orbital launch capability development.
  2. ^ The ten countries and successor states/union indicated in bold (and numbered) retain orbital launch capability.
  3. ^ a b c d Russia, took over the Soviet space program after the Soviet Union's dissolution with Ukraine inheriting a smaller part of the Soviet space program's space launcher and satellite capability. Russia and Ukraine inherited space launcher and satellite capability from the Soviet Union as successor states.
  4. ^ United States also has private companies capable of space launch
  5. ^ a b c France launched its first satellite by its own rocket from Algeria, which had been a French territory when the spaceport was built but had achieved independence before the satellite launch. Later France provided a spaceport for ESA space launchers in French Guyana, transferring its capability to ESA as a founding member.
  6. ^ UK only self-launched a single satellite and that from a commonwealth (Australian) spaceport. Later it joined the ESA, but not the launcher consortium Arianespace, therefore becoming the only nation that developed launch capability and then officially lost it.
  7. ^ The European Space Agency developed the Ariane rocket family (the second European launcher program after the failed Europa rocket program under ELDO) operating from its Guiana Space Centre spaceport (first successful launch in 24 December 1979 when Ariane 1 launcher placed the technological capsule CAT-1 on orbit). ESA signatories at the time of first launch were Sweden, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Italy, United Kingdom, Belgium, Netherlands, Spain, France and Ireland. Private/public companies and/or governments of these countries (with the exception of Ireland and the United Kingdom) became shareholders in the commercial company Arianespace dealing with production, operation, and marketing. Later Norway became an ESA member and Arianespace shareholder. Additional subsequent ESA member states are Austria, Finland, Portugal, Greece, Luxembourg, the Czech Republic, Romania and Poland.
  8. ^ Ukraine provides its own space launcher to Russia and does not use its own space launcher to put satellites in orbit (first Ukrainian satellite is Sich-1 launched on August 31, 1995 by Ukrainian Tsyklon-3 from Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia).
  9. ^ The North Korean government first claimed a successful launch in August 1998 with Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1, which was internationally determined to be a failure. The government retracted this claim only after the launch of Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2.
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