Tambov
| Tambov (English) Тамбов (Russian) |
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 The Tsna River in Tambov |
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.svg) Location of Tambov Oblast in Russia |
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 Tambov
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| City Day | August 5[citation needed] |
| Administrative status (as of November 2011) | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tambov Oblast[1] |
| Administratively subordinated to | city of oblast significance of Tambov[1] |
| Administrative center of | Tambov Oblast,[1] Tambovsky District,[1] city of oblast significance of Tambov[1] |
| Municipal status (as of November 2011) | |
| Urban okrug | Tambov Urban Okrug[2] |
| Administrative center of | Tambov Urban Okrug,[2] Tambovsky Municipal District[2] |
| Mayor[citation needed] | Pyotr Chernovanov[citation needed] |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 280,161 inhabitants[3] |
| - Rank in 2010 | 65th |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+04:00)[4] |
| Founded | April 17, 1636[citation needed] |
| City status since | 1719[citation needed] |
| Postal code(s) | 392000[citation needed] |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 4752[citation needed] |
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Tambov (Russian: Тамбов; IPA: [tɐmˈbof]) is a city and the administrative center of Tambov Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Tsna and Studenets Rivers, about 480 kilometers (300 mi) south-southeast of Moscow. Population: 280,161 (2010 Census);[3] 293,658 (2002 Census);[5] 304,600 (1989 Census).[6]
Contents |
Etymology[edit]
The name "Tambov" originates from the Moksha language word "томба" (tomba) meaning "abyss".[7][8]
History[edit]
Tambov was founded by the decree of Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich on April 17, 1636 (Old Style). Originally, it was a border fortress against attacks by the Crimean Tatars, but it soon declined in importance as a military outpost. It then became the region's administrative and trade center.
Roman Boborykin, the emperor's court menial (stolnik) and voivode was the town's first builder. Thanks to his experience, the fortress had been completed rapidly. Tambov was granted city status in 1719.
In 1779, Tambov Viceroyalty was formed, and on August 16, 1781, Empress Catherine the Great approved the city's coat of arms depicting a beehive, symbolizing the town's hardworking residents. In March 1786, the disgraced Russian poet and statesman Gavrila Derzhavin was appointed the governor of Tambov Governorate — a post that he held until December 1788. Even during that brief tenure he accomplished a great deal: a theater, a college, a dancing school, a printing business, an orchestra, and a brickyard were built. Tambov later erected a monument to Derzhavin.
In November 1830, during the Cholera Riots in Russia, the citizens of Tambov attacked their governor, but they were soon suppressed by the regular army. Later in the 19th century Tambov became a significant cultural center that supported a growing number of schools, libraries, and other institutions. By 1897, its population was more than 50,000 people.
During the Civil War, in 1920–1921, the region witnessed the Tambov Rebellion — a bitter struggle between local residents and the Bolshevik Red Army. In 1921, a Tambov Republic was established, but it was soon crushed by the Red Army under the command of Mikhail Tukhachevsky.
During and after World War II, most of the Malgré-nous from Alsace-Moselle were jailed in "Camp #188" at Tambov. Between 4,000 and 10,000 Frenchmen people died in this camp.[9]
Administrative and municipal status[edit]
Tambov serves as the administrative center of the oblast and, within the framework of administrative divisions, it also serves as the administrative center of Tambovsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated as the city of oblast significance of Tambov—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the city of oblast significance of Tambov is incorporated as Tambov Urban Okrug.[2]
Economy and transportation[edit]
The city is a large industrial center and is served by Tambov Donskoye Airport. Tambov is also the location of the Tambov air base of the Russian Air Force. A railway connection between Tambov and Moscow was first established in 1871.[10]
In 1991, a 360-meter (1,180 ft) high guyed television antenna was built in Tambov.
Climate[edit]
Tambov has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb tend to Dfa).
| Climate data for Tambov | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 6.6 (43.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
17.6 (63.7) |
29.7 (85.5) |
36.1 (97) |
38.8 (101.8) |
41.1 (106) |
40.7 (105.3) |
35.2 (95.4) |
26.5 (79.7) |
14.6 (58.3) |
9.3 (48.7) |
41.1 (106) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −4.5 (23.9) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
1.5 (34.7) |
13.1 (55.6) |
20.9 (69.6) |
24.3 (75.7) |
26.5 (79.7) |
25.0 (77) |
18.4 (65.1) |
10.2 (50.4) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
10.7 (51.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.5 (18.5) |
−7.8 (18) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
7.5 (45.5) |
14.6 (58.3) |
18.4 (65.1) |
20.4 (68.7) |
18.7 (65.7) |
12.7 (54.9) |
6.1 (43) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
6.1 (43) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −10.5 (13.1) |
−11 (12) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
2.7 (36.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
12.9 (55.2) |
14.9 (58.8) |
13.2 (55.8) |
8.1 (46.6) |
2.8 (37) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−9.1 (15.6) |
1.9 (35.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −38 (−36) |
−36.9 (−34.4) |
−30.4 (−22.7) |
−15.3 (4.5) |
−4 (25) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.4 (39.9) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−14.7 (5.5) |
−29.3 (−20.7) |
−36.1 (−33) |
−38 (−36) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 37 (1.46) |
31 (1.22) |
27 (1.06) |
26 (1.02) |
42 (1.65) |
72 (2.83) |
54 (2.13) |
44 (1.73) |
53 (2.09) |
46 (1.81) |
45 (1.77) |
41 (1.61) |
518 (20.39) |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net[11] | |||||||||||||
Culture[edit]
The city is home to two universities, Tambov State University and Tambov State Technical University. The Tambov Art Gallery houses a vast collection of canvases by Russian and West-European artists. Russia's oldest drama theater is located in Tambov, as well as two universities, two military colleges, a musical school, a museum of local lore, and other cultural institutions.
Sports[edit]
Tambov's pro soccer team, FC Spartak Tambov, plays in the Russian Second Division.
Notable people[edit]
- Andrey Kolmogorov (1903–87), mathematician
- Sergei Rachmaninoff, musician
- Alexander Lodygin, electrical engineer
- Nikolay Fyodorov, religious philosopher
- Lev Kuleshov, movie director
- Ida Kar, photographer
- Anastasia Rodionova, tennis player
- Arina Rodionova, tennis player
- Yuri Zhirkov, football player
Twin towns and sister cities[edit]
Tambov is a sister city of:
References[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h Law #72-Z
- ^ a b c d Law #232-Z
- ^ a b "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ^ Правительство Российской Федерации. Постановление №725 от 31 августа 2011 г. «О составе территорий, образующих каждую часовую зону, и порядке исчисления времени в часовых зонах, а также о признании утратившими силу отдельных Постановлений Правительства Российской Федерации». Вступил в силу по истечении 7 дней после дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Российская Газета", №197, 6 сентября 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Resolution #725 of August 31, 2011 On the Composition of the Territories Included into Each Time Zone and on the Procedures of Timekeeping in the Time Zones, as Well as on Abrogation of Several Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation. Effective as of after 7 days following the day of the official publication.).
- ^ "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров." [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved February 9, 2012.
- ^ [1]
- ^ Мокшанско-русский словарь / НИИЯЛИЭ при Совете Министров Правительстве Республики Мордовия; Под редакцией Б. А. Серебрянникова, А. П. Феоктистова, О. Е. Полякова - Москва: Русский язык: Дигора, 1998.
- ^ [2]
- ^ Train Station in Tambov (Russian)
- ^ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). Retrieved September 8, 2007.
Sources[edit]
- Тамбовская областная Дума. Закон №72-З от 21 июня 1996 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тамбовской области», в ред. Закона №134-З от 6 апреля 2012 г «О внесении изменений в статью 7 Закона Тамбовской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тамбовской области"». Опубликован: "Тамбовская жизнь", №131, 1996 г. (Tambov Oblast Duma. Law #72-Z of June 21, 1996 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tambov Oblast, as amended by the Law #134-Z of April 6, 2012 On Amending Article 7 of the Law of Tambov Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tambov Oblast". ).
- Тамбовская областная Дума. Закон №232-З от 17 сентября 2004 г. «Об установлении границ и определении места нахождения представительных органов муниципальных образований в Тамбовской области», в ред. Закона №242-З от 29 января 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Тамбовской области "Об установлении границ и определении места нахождения представительных органов муниципальных образований в Тамбовской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тамбовская жизнь", №185 (23125). (Tambov Oblast Duma. Law #232-Z of September 17, 2004 On Establishing the Borders and Determining the Location of the Representative Organs of the Municipal Formations of Tambov Oblast, as amended by the Law #242-Z of January 29, 2013 On Amending the Law of Tambov Oblast "On Establishing the Borders and Determining the Location of the Representative Organs of the Municipal Formations of Tambov Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
External links[edit]
- Official website of Tambov (Russian)
- Pictures of Tambov
- Tambov news (Russian)
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Tambov (town)". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.- Tambov Rebellion by Sennikov Published by Posev, in Moscow 2004. ISBN 5-85824-152-2
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