Template:Infobox fluorine

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oxygenfluorineneon
-

F

Cl
Appearance
pale yellow gas[1]
Small sample of pale yellow liquid fluorine condensed in liquid nitrogen
Liquid fluorine at cryogenic temperatures
General properties
Name, symbol, number fluorine, F, 9
Pronunciation /ˈflʊərn/, /ˈflʊərɪn/, /ˈflɔːrn/
Element category halogen
Group, period, block 172, p
Standard atomic weight 18.9984032(5)[2]
Electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p5[3]
Electrons per shell 2, 7 (Image)
Physical properties
Phase gas
Density (0 °C, 101.325 kPa)
1.696[4] g/L
Liquid density at b.p. 1.505[5] g·cm−3
Melting point 53.53 K, −219.62 °C, −363.32[6] °F
Boiling point −188.12 °C, −306.62[6] °F
Critical point 144.4 K, 5.215[5] MPa
Heat of vaporization 6.51[4] kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity (Cp) (21.1 °C) 825[5] J·mol−1·K−1
(Cv) (21.1 °C) 610[5] J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 38 44 50 58 69 85
Atomic properties
Oxidation states −1
(oxidizes oxygen)
Electronegativity 3.98[3] (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)
1st: 1,681[7] kJ·mol−1
2nd: 3,374[7] kJ·mol−1
3rd: 6,147[7] kJ·mol−1
Covalent radius 64[8] pm
Van der Waals radius 135[9] pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure cubic
Crystal structure note the structure refers to solid fluorine, at boiling point, 1 atm[10]
Magnetic ordering diamagnetic[11]
Thermal conductivity 0.02591[12] W·m−1·K−1
CAS registry number 7782-41-4[3]
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of fluorine
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
18F trace 109.77 min β+ (96.9%) 0.634 18O
ε (3.1%) 1.656 18O
19F 100% 19F is stable with 10 neutrons
reference[13]
· r

References

  1. ^ Burdon, J.; Emson, B.; Edwards, A. J. (1987). "Is fluorine really yellow?". Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 34 (3—4): 471–74. doi:10.1016/S0022-1139(00)85188-X. 
  2. ^ Wieser, Michael E.; Coplen, Tyler B. (2010). "Atomic weights of the elements 2009 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 83: 359–396. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-10-09-14. 
  3. ^ a b c Aigueperse et al. 2005, "Fluorine", p. 1.
  4. ^ a b Aigueperse et al. 2005, "Fluorine", p. 2.
  5. ^ a b c d Compressed Gas Association (1999). Handbook of compressed gases. Springer. p. 365. ISBN 9780412782305. 
  6. ^ a b Dean 1999, p. 3.29.
  7. ^ a b c Dean 1999, p. 4.6.
  8. ^ Dean 1999, p. 4.35.
  9. ^ Kim, Sung-Hoon (2006), Functional dyes, Elsevier, p. 257, ISBN 9780444521763 
  10. ^ Young, David A. (2011-06-10). Phase Diagrams of the Elements (Report). Springer. p. 10. http://www.osti.gov/bridge/servlets/purl/4010212-0BbwUC/4010212.pdfaccess. 
  11. ^ Mackay, Mackay & Henderson 2002, p. 72.
  12. ^ Yaws & Braker 2001, p. 385.
  13. ^ Chiste, V.; Be, M. M. (2006). "F-18". Table de radionucleides. Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel. http://www.nucleide.org/DDEP_WG/Nuclides/F-18_tables.pdf. Retrieved 15 June 2011. 
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