Template:Infobox nickel

cobalt ← nickel → copper - ↑ Ni ↓ Pd 28Ni Periodic table
Appearance
lustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge
General properties
Name, symbol, number	nickel, Ni, 28
Pronunciation	/ˈnɪkəl/
Element category	transition metal
Group, period, block	10, 4, d
Standard atomic weight	58.6934(4)(2)
Electron configuration	[Ar] 4s2 3d8 or [Ar] 4s1 3d9 (see text)
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 16, 2 or 2, 8, 17, 1 (Image)
Physical properties
Phase	solid
Density (near r.t.)	8.908 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	7.81 g·cm−3
Melting point	1728 K, 1455 °C, 2651 °F
Boiling point	3186 K, 2913 °C, 5275 °F
Heat of fusion	17.48 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	377.5 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	26.07 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741 3184
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3, 2, 1 , -1 (mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	1.91 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 737.1 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1753.0 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 3395 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	124 pm
Covalent radius	124±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	163 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	face-centered cubic
Magnetic ordering	ferromagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 69.3 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	90.9 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 13.4 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(r.t.) 4900 m·s−1
Young's modulus	200 GPa
Shear modulus	76 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	4.0
Vickers hardness	638 MPa
Brinell hardness	700 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-02-0
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of nickel
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 58Ni 68.077% 58Ni is stable with 30 neutrons 59Ni trace 76000 y ε - 59Co 60Ni 26.223% 60Ni is stable with 32 neutrons 61Ni 1.14% 61Ni is stable with 33 neutrons 62Ni 3.634% 62Ni is stable with 34 neutrons 63Ni syn 100.1 y β− 0.0669 63Cu 64Ni 0.926% 64Ni is stable with 36 neutrons

References

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