Terminology for Asteraceae

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Terminology for Asteraceae

[edit] accrescent

The Wiktionary entry for accrescent

  • Growing larger after flowering.[1]

[edit] achene

Achene ready to take flight.

The Wiktionary entry for achene

  • A small, dry, indehiscent fruit, containing a single seed, as in the buttercup; -- called a naked seed by the earlier botanists.[1]
  • small dry indehiscent fruit with the seed distinct from the fruit wall[2]


[edit] auriculate

The Wiktionary entry for auriculate

  • one having small appended leaves or lobes on each side of its petiole or base.[1]

[edit] anther

Stamen with anther, filament and petal.

The Wiktionary entry for anther

  • That part of the stamen containing the pollen, or fertilizing dust, which, when mature, is emitted for the impregnation of the ovary.[1]
  • the part of the stamen that contains pollen; usually borne on a stalk[2]


[edit] apical

The Wiktionary entry for apical

  • At or belonging to an apex, tip, or summit.[1]
  • situated at an apex[2]

[edit] basal

The Wiktionary entry for basal

  • Relating to, or forming, the base.[1]
  • especially of leaves; located at the base of a plant or stem; especially arising directly from the root or rootstock or a root-like stem[2]

[edit] bract

Bracts protect an inflorescence.

The Wiktionary entry for bract

  • A leaf, usually smaller than the true leaves of a plant, from the axil of which a flower stalk arises.
  • Any modified leaf, or scale, on a flower stalk or at the base of a flower.[1]
  • a modified leaf or leaflike part just below and protecting an inflorescence[2]


[edit] calyx

A. flower with calyx
B. Underside of calyx
C. Topside of calyx

The Wiktionary entry for calyx

  • The covering of a flower.
    • Note: The calyx is usually green and foliaceous, but becomes delicate and petaloid in such flowers as the anemone and the four-o'clock. Each leaf of the calyx is called a sepal.[1]
  • the whorl of sepals of a flower collectively forming the outer floral envelope or layer of the perianth enclosing and supporting the developing bud; usually green[2]


[edit] canescent

The Wiktionary entry for canescent

  • Growing white, or assuming a color approaching to white.[1]
  • covered with fine whitish hairs or down[2]

[edit] cauline

The Wiktionary entry for caulis

  • Growing immediately on a caulis; of or pertaining to a caulis.
    • caulis: An herbaceous or woody stem which bears leaves, and may bear flowers.[1]
  • (botany) producing a well-developed stem above ground[2]
  • especially of leaves; growing on a stem especially on the upper part of a stem[2]

[edit] corolla

The Wiktionary entry for corolla

  • The inner envelope of a flower; the part which surrounds the organs of fructification, consisting of one or more leaves, called petals. It is usually distinguished from the calyx by the fineness of its texture and the gayness of its colors.[1]
  • the whorl of petals of a flower that collectively form an inner floral envelope or layer of the perianth; "we cultivate the flower for its corolla"[2]

[edit] corymb

The Wiktionary entry for corymb

  • A flat-topped or convex cluster of flowers, each on its own footstalk, and arising from different points of a common axis, the outermost blossoms expanding first[1]
  • flat-topped or convex inflorescence in which the individual flower stalks grow upward from various points on the main stem to approximately the same height; outer flowers open first[2]

[edit] cotyledon

The Wiktionary entry for cotyledon

  • A leaf borne by the caulicle or radicle of an embryo; a seed leaf.
    • Note: Many plants, as the bean and the maple, have two cotyledons, the grasses only one, and pines have several. In one African plant Welwitschia the cotyledons are permanent and grow to immense proportions.[1]
  • embryonic leaf in seed-bearing plants
    • synonym cotyledon[2]

[edit] cypsela

  • A one-seeded, one-celled, indehiscent fruit; an achene with the calyx tube adherent.[1]

[edit] dentate

Dentate leaves.

The Wiktionary entry for dentate

  • Toothed; especially, with the teeth projecting straight out, not pointed either forward or backward; as, a dentate leaf.[1]
  • having toothlike projections in the margin[2]


[edit] dicot

The Wiktionary entry for dicotyledon

  • A plant whose seeds divide into two seed lobes, or cotyledons, in germinating.
    • synonym: dicotyledon[1]
  • flowering plant with two cotyledons; the stem grows by deposit on its outside[2]

[edit] epidermis

The Wiktionary entry for epidermis

  • The outermost layer of the cells, which covers both surfaces of leaves, and also the surface of stems, when they are first formed. As stems grow old this layer is lost, and never replaced.[1]

[edit] extirpate

The Wiktionary entry for extirpate

  • To pluck up by the stem or root; to root out; to eradicate, literally or figuratively; to destroy wholly; as, to extirpate weeds[1]
  • pull up by or as if by the roots; "uproot the vine that has spread all over the garden"[2]

[edit] fecund

The Wiktionary entry for fecund

  • Fruitful in children; prolific.[1]
  • capable of producing offspring or vegetation[2]

[edit] filament

Stamen with anther, filament and petal.

The Wiktionary entry for filament

  • the threadlike part of the stamen supporting the anther.[1]
  • the stalk of a stamen[2]


[edit] floret

Many florets make this flower head.

The Wiktionary entry for floret

  • A little flower; one of the numerous little flowers which compose the head or anthodium in such flowers as the daisy, thistle, and dandelion.[1]
  • a diminutive flower (especially one that is part of a composite flower)[2]


[edit] foliaceous

The Wiktionary entry for folium#Latin

  • Belonging to, or having the texture or nature of, a leaf; having leaves intermixed with flowers; as, a foliaceous spike.[1]
  • bearing numerous leaves[2]

[edit] forb

The Wiktionary entry for forb

  • A broad-leaved herb other than a grass, especially one growing in a field, prairie, or meadow.[3]

[edit] fructification

The Wiktionary entry for fructification

  • L. fructificatio: cf.F. fructification.[1]
    1. The act of forming or producing fruit; the act of fructifying, or rendering productive of fruit; fecundation.
    2. (Botany)
      • The collective organs by which a plant produces its fruit, or seeds, or reproductive spores.
      • The process of producing fruit, or seeds, or spores.
  • the bearing of fruit[2]

[edit] glabrous

The Wiktionary entry for glabrous

  • Smooth; having a surface without hairs or any unevenness.[1]
  • having no hair or similar growth; smooth; "glabrous stems"; "glabrous leaves"; "a glabrous scalp"[2]

[edit] glutinous

The Wiktionary entry for glutinous

  • Having a moist and adhesive or sticky surface, as a leaf or gland.[1]
  • having the sticky properties of an adhesive[2]

[edit] hoary

The Wiktionary entry for glutinous

  • Covered with short, dense, grayish white hairs; canescent.[1]
  • covered with fine whitish hairs or down[2]

[edit] indehiscent

The Wiktionary entry for indehiscent

  • Indehiscent -- Remaining closed at maturity, or not opening along regular lines, as the acorn, or a coconut.[1]
  • (of e.g. fruits) not opening spontaneously at maturity to release seeds[2]

[edit] inflorescence

Inflorescence - future, present, past.

The Wiktionary entry for inflorescence

  • The mode of flowering, or the general arrangement and disposition of the flowers with reference to the axis, and to each other.
  • An axis on which all the buds are flower buds.[1]
  • the flowering part of a plant or arrangement of flowers on a stalk[2]


[edit] involucre

highly conspicuous ring of bracts

The Wiktionary entry for involucre

  • A whorl or set of bracts around a flower, umbel, or head.[1]
  • a highly conspicuous bract or bract pair or ring of bracts at the base of an inflorescence[2]


[edit] lamina

The Wiktionary entry for lamina

  • The blade of a leaf; the broad, expanded portion of a petal or sepal of a flower.[1]

[edit] ligule

  • A strap-shaped corolla[1]
  • any appendage to a plant that is shaped like a strap[2]

[edit] ovary

The Wiktionary entry for ovary

  • That part of the pistil which contains the seed, and in most flowering plants develops into the fruit.[1]
  • the organ that bears the ovules of a flower[2]

[edit] ovule

The Wiktionary entry for ovule

  • The rudiment of a seed. It grows from a placenta, and consists of a soft nucleus within two delicate coatings.[1]
  • a small body that contains the female germ cell of a plant; develops into a seed after fertilization[2]

[edit] papilla

  • a tiny outgrowth on the surface of a petal or leaf[2]

[edit] pappus

  • pappus
  • The hairy or feathery appendage of the achenes of thistles, dandelions, and most other plants of the order {Composit[ae]}; also, the scales, awns, or bristles which represent the calyx in other plants of the same order.[1]
  • calyx composed of scales or bristles or featherlike hairs in plants of the Compositae such as thistles and dandelions[2]

[edit] peduncle

The Wiktionary entry for peduncle

  • The stem or stalk that supports the flower or fruit of a plant, or a cluster of flowers or fruits.[1]
  • stalk bearing an inflorescence or solitary flower[2]

[edit] perianth

The Wiktionary entry for perianth

  • The leaves of a flower generally, especially when the calyx and corolla are not readily distinguished.[1]
  • collective term for the outer parts of a flower consisting of the calyx and corolla and enclosing the stamens and pistils[2]

[edit] pericarp

pericarp

The Wiktionary entry for pericarp

  • The ripened ovary; the walls of the fruit.[1]
  • the ripened and variously modified walls of a plant ovary[2]


[edit] petaloid

[edit] petiole

The Wiktionary entry for petiole

  • A leafstalk; the footstalk of a leaf, connecting the blade with the stem.[1]
  • the slender stem that supports the blade of a leaf[2]

[edit] pinnate

The Wiktionary entry for pinnate

  • Consisting of several leaflets, or separate portions, arranged on each side of a common petiole[1]
  • (of a leaf shape) featherlike; having leaflets on each side of a common axis[2]

[edit] pistil

The Wiktionary entry for pistil

  • The seed-bearing organ of a flower. It consists of an ovary, containing the ovules or rudimentary seeds, and a stigma, which is commonly raised on an elongated portion called a style. When composed of one carpel a pistil is simple; when composed of several, it is compound.[1]
  • the female ovule-bearing part of a flower composed of ovary and style and stigma[2]

[edit] pollen

The Wiktionary entry for pollen

  • The fecundating dustlike cells of the anthers of flowers.[1]
  • the fine spores that contain male gametes and that are borne by an anther in a flowering plant[2]

[edit] revolute

The Wiktionary entry for revolute

  • Rolled backward or downward.
    • Note: A revolute leaf is coiled downwards, with the lower surface inside the coil. A leaf with revolute margins has the edges rolled under[1]

[edit] scarious

  • Thin, dry, membranous, and not green.[1]

[edit] sessile

The Wiktionary entry for sessile

  • Resting directly upon the main stem or branch, without a petiole or footstalk; as, a sessile leaf or blossom.[1]
  • attached directly by the base; not having an intervening stalk; stalkless[2]

[edit] spatulate

The Wiktionary entry for spatulate

  • Shaped like spatula, or like a battledore, being roundish, with a long, narrow, linear base.[1]
  • (of a leaf shape) having a broad rounded apex and a narrow base[2]
  • see ligule

[edit] stamen

Stamen with anther, filament and petal.

The Wiktionary entry for stamen

  • The male organ of flowers for secreting and furnishing the pollen or fecundating dust. It consists of the anther and filament.[1]
  • the male reproductive organ of a flower[2]


[edit] stigma

The Wiktionary entry for stigma

  • stigma
  • That part of a pistil which has no epidermis, and is fitted to receive the pollen. It is usually the terminal portion, and is commonly somewhat glutinous or viscid.[1]
  • the apical end of the style where deposited pollen enters the pistil[2]

[edit] style

A. ovary
B. pappus
C. theca
D. ligule
E. style with stigma

The Wiktionary entry for style

  • style
  • stilus a style or writing instrument, manner or writing, mode of expression; probably for stiglus, meaning, a pricking instrument, and akin to E. stick.
    • Hence, anything resembling the ancient style in shape or use. Specifically: The elongated part of a pistil between the ovary and the stigma.[1]
  • the narrow elongated part of the pistil between the ovary and the stigma[2]


[edit] theca

  • A sheath; a case; as, the theca, or cell, of an anther[1]
  • a case or sheath especially a pollen sac[2]

[edit] tomentose

The Wiktionary entry for tomentose

  • Covered with matted woolly hairs[1]
    1. covered with densely matted filaments
    2. densely covered with short matted woolly hairs[2]

[edit] tomentum

  • The closely matted hair or downy nap covering the leaves or stems of some plants.[1]
  • filamentous hairlike growth on a plant[2]

[edit] tubular

The Wiktionary entry for tubular

  • Having the form of a tube, or pipe; a tubular calyx.[1]

[edit] villous

The Wiktionary entry for villous

  • Abounding in, or covered with, fine hairs, or a woolly substance; shaggy with soft hairs; nappy.[1]

[edit] viscid

The Wiktionary entry for viscid

  • Sticking or adhering, and having a ropy or glutinous consistency; viscous; glutinous; sticky; tenacious; clammy; as, turpentine, tar, gums, etc., are more or less viscid.[1]
  • having the sticky properties of an adhesive[2]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb  This article incorporates text from the public domain 1913 Webster's Dictionary.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av WordNet. "a lexical database for the English language" (HTML). Cognitive Science Laboratory of Princeton University. http://wordnet.princeton.edu/. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
  3. ^ The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (2000). "American Heritage Dictionary Online" (HTML). Houghton Mifflin, Boston. http://www.bartleby.com/61/. Retrieved 2008-02-24. 
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