Classical Gardens of Suzhou
| Classical Gardens of Suzhou * | |
|---|---|
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| Country |  China |
| Type | Cultural |
| Criteria | i, ii, iii, iv, v |
| Reference | 813 |
| Region ** | Asia-Pacific |
| Inscription history | |
| Inscription | 1997 (21st Session) |
| Extensions | 2000 |
| * Name as inscribed on World Heritage List ** Region as classified by UNESCO |
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The Classical Gardens of Suzhou are a group of gardens in Suzhou region, Jiangsu province which have been added to the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Spanning a period of almost one thousand years, from the Northern Song to the late Qing dynasties (11th-19th century), these gardens, most of them built by scholars, standardized many of the key features of classical Chinese garden design with constructed landscapes mimicking natural scenery of rocks, hills and rivers with strategically located pavilions and pagodas.[1]
Though smaller and less elaborate than the another well-known type of Chinese gardens, the opulent Imperial Gardens and Palaces in Beijing,[2] best exemplified by the Beihai Park, Zhongshan Park, Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace; the elegant aesthetics and subtlety of these scholar's gardens in many ways contrast with the grandeur of the former,[2] and their delicate style and features are often imitated by various gardens in other parts of China, including the Imperial Gardens, such as those in the Chengde Mountain Resort.[3] According to UNESCO, the gardens of Suzhou "represent the development of Chinese landscape garden design over more than two thousand years,"[2] and they are the "most refined form" of garden art.[2]
These landscape gardens flourished in the mid-Ming to early-Qing dynasties, resulting in as much as 200 private gardens.[1] Today, there are 69 preserved gardens in Suzhou,[4] and all of them are designated as protected "National Heritage Sites."[5] In 1997 and 2000, eight of the finest gardens in Suzhou along with one in the nearby ancient town of Tongli were selected by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site to represent the art of Suzhou-style classical gardens.[4]
Famous Suzhou garden designers include Zhang Liang, Ji Cheng, Ge Yuliang, and Chen Congzhou.
Contents |
[edit] The gardens
| Image | Name | Inscription date |
|---|---|---|
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Humble Administrator's Garden (拙政园/拙政園; Zhuōzhèng Yuán) | 1997 |
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Lingering Garden (留园/留園; Liú Yuán) | 1997 |
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Master of the Nets Garden (网师园/網師園; Wǎngshī Yuán) | 1997 |
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Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty (环秀山庄/環秀山莊; Huánxiù Shānzhuāng) | 1997 |
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Couple's Retreat Garden (耦园/耦園; Ŏu Yuán) | 2000 |
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Garden of Cultivation (艺圃/藝圃; Yì Pǔ) | 2000 |
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Great Wave Pavilion (沧浪亭/滄浪亭; Cāng Làng Tíng) | 2000 |
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Lion Grove Garden (狮子林园/獅子林園; Shī Zǐ Lín Yuán) | 2000 |
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Retreat & Reflection Garden (退思园/退思園; Tuìsī Yuán) | 2000 |
[edit] Comprehensive monitoring plan
The site is monitored following a comprehensive monitoring plan and there is provision for both the routine maintenance and programmed conservation projects for all of the gardens. The Suzhou Municipal Administrative Bureau of Gardens is responsible for this.[6]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ a b c d World Heritage List (Suzhou). UNESCO Advisory Body Evaluation. 1996-07-26.
- ^ Liu, Dunzhen and Joseph C. Wang (1993). Chinese classical gardens of Suzhou. McGraw-Hill. p. 12.
- ^ a b Robert Ivy, FAIA. "I.M. Pei returns to his family’s hometown in China and designs the Suzhou Museum for a sensitive, historic site". Architectural Record. http://archrecord.construction.com/projects/portfolio/archives/0705Suzhou.asp.
- ^ "Flowing Serenity - The Chinese Garden". Emel magazine Issue 73 October 2010. http://www.emel.com/article?id=77&a_id=2174.
- ^ http://whc.unesco.org/en/lisest/813/documents/
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Classical Gardens of Suzhou |
- Classical Gardens of Suzhou - UNESCO World Heritage
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Coordinates: 31°19′36″N 120°37′32″E / 31.32667°N 120.62556°E
