Thermoplasma
| Thermoplasma | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Archaea |
| Kingdom: | Euryarchaeota |
| Phylum: | Euryarchaeota |
| Class: | Thermoplasmata |
| Order: | Thermoplasmatales |
| Family: | Thermoplasmataceae |
| Genus: | Thermoplasma |
| Species | |
| Synonyms | |
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In taxonomy, Thermoplasma is a genus of the Thermoplasmataceae.[1]
Thermoplasma is a genus of archaea. It belongs to the Thermoplasmata, which thrive in acidic and high-temperature environments. Thermoplasma are facultative anaerobes and respire using sulfur and organic carbon. They do not contain a cell wall but instead contain a unique membrane composed mainly of a tetraether lipoglycan containing atypical archaeal tetraether lipid attached to a glucose- and mannose-containing oligosaccharide. This lipoglycan is presumably responsible for the acid and thermal stability of the Thermoplasma membrane.
Currently the genus Thermoplasma contains two species, T. acidophilum and T. volcanium. T. acidophilum was originally isolated from a self-heating coal refuse pile, at pH 2 and 59 °C. Many T. volcanium strains have been isolated from solfatara fields throughout the world. Both species are highly flagellated. The genomes for both T. acidophilum (Ruepp, 2000) and T. volcanicum have been sequenced.
T. acidophilum is a thermoacidophilic archaeon that was isolated from a coal refuse pile. T. acidophilum grows optimally at 56 ℃, pH 1.8 and size of a cell is about 1 μm. T. acidophilum lacks a cell wall and the cell membrane is exposed directly outside. T. acidophilum shows various cell shapes depending upon growth conditions and stages. Though there is no cell wall, it shows various forms.
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References [edit]
- ^ See the NCBI webpage on Thermoplasma. Data extracted from the "NCBI taxonomy resources". National Center for Biotechnology Information. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
Further reading [edit]
Scientific journals [edit]
- Ruepp, A., Graml, W., Santos-Martinez, M.-L., Koretke, K.K., Volker, C., Werner Mews, H., Frishman, D., Stocker, S., Lupas, A.N. and Baumeister, W. (2000). "The genome sequence of the thermoacidophilic scavenger Thermoplasma acidophilum". Nature 407 (6803): 508–513. doi:10.1038/35035069. PMID 11029001. [1]
- Darland G, Brock TD, Samsonoff W, Conti SF (1970). "A thermophilic, acidophilic mycoplasma isolated from a coal refuse pile". Science 170 (3965): 1416–1418. doi:10.1126/science.170.3965.1416. PMID 5481857.
Scientific books [edit]
- Madigan, M.T. and Martinko, J.M. (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 11th Ed. Pearson Prentice Hall.
- Reysenbach, A-L (2001). "Family I. Thermoplasmataceae fam. nov.". In DR Boone and RW Castenholz, eds. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria (2nd ed.). New York: Springer Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-98771-2.
Scientific databases [edit]
- PubMed references for Thermoplasma
- PubMed Central references for Thermoplasma
- Google Scholar references for Thermoplasma
External links [edit]
- NCBI taxonomy page for Thermoplasma
- Search Tree of Life taxonomy pages for Thermoplasma
- Search Species2000 page for Thermoplasma
- MicrobeWiki page for Thermoplasma
- LSPN page for Thermoplasma
- http://jura.ebi.ac.uk:8765/ext-genequiz/genomes/tv0104/[dead link] Thermoplasma volcanium
- http://www.nature.com/genomics/papers/thermoplasma.html[dead link] Thermoplasma[dead link] acidophilum
- http://www.nature.com/cgi-taf/DynaPage.taf?file=/nature/journal/v407/n6803/full/407508a0_fs.html[dead link] The genome sequence of the thermoacidophilic scavenger Thermoplasma acidophilum
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